一般将来时＋现在进行时讲解练习初中英语八年级上册.doc

10一般将来时【用法讲解】一、基本概念表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用。例如： I am going to / will watch a football match on TV this evening 今天晚上我将在电视上看一场足球比赛。二、基本结构一般将来时的结构一般由“助动词will+动词原形”或“be going to+动词原形”构成。will是助动词，不能独立使用，前面的主语不管是什么人称，其后总用will。在名词或代词后常简缩为ll，并与主语连写在一起。will的否定形式是will not，缩略形式是wont。三、时间状语一般将来时常用的时间状语：tomorrow, tonight, the day after tomorrow, next week (month, year ), this afternoon, evening , soon, in + 时间段等。例如： Tom will come back in two days汤姆两天后回来。Ill be more careful from now on从现在起我会更加小心的。四、基本句型 (1)肯定句 1）主语+will+动词原形+其他 He will come here at once他马上来这儿。 2）主语+be going to+动词原形+其他 We are going to climb the hill this afternoon我们打算今天下午去爬山。 (2)否定句 1）主语+ will + not + 动词原形+其他 He will not(wont)go to the party他不去参加聚会。 2）主语+be + not + going to+动词原形+其他 He isnt going to do morning exercises tomorrow明天他不去做早操。 (3)一般疑问句 1）Will+主语+动词原形+其他? Will he help you with your English? 他会帮助你学习英语吗? 2）Be动词(Am，Is，Are)+主语+going to+动词原形+其他? Are you going to play computer games tomorrow afternoon? 你打算明天下午玩电脑游戏吗? (4)特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句? What will the students have for lunch today? 学生们今天午饭吃什么? They will have bread他们将吃面包。五、注意的问题：（1）主语是第一人称I; we 时，常用助动词 shall + 动词原形。例如： We shall be very happy if you accept it. 如果你接受了它，我们将会很高兴。 I shall write you a letter next month. 下个月我会给你写信。（2）在问对方是否愿意, 或表示客气的邀请时，常用 will。例如： Will you go to the zoo with me? 你愿意和我去动物园吗？ Will you please open the door? 请打开门好吗？（3）在表示建议或征求对方意见时，用 shall。例如： Shall we go at ten? 我们在10:00走好吗？ 六、There be句型与含有will和be going to的一般将来时（1）There be句型与含有will的一般将来时基本结构：There will be +名词+其他成分例如： There will be only one country in the future. 未来会只有一个国家。（2）There be句型与含有be going to的一般将来时基本结构：There is / are going to be +名词+其他成分(注意句型中going to 后面的be不能改为have。) 常用来表示将有某事发生。例如：There is going to be a football match next Saturday in our school.下周六我们学校将有一场足球比赛。 注意：无论后面加单数名词或名词的复数形式，be都必须用原形。七、be going to与will 的区别：（1）be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will 表示的将来时间则较远一些。例如：He is going to write a letter tonight. 今晚他打算写一封信。He will write a book one day. 有一天他会写一本书。（2）be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。例如：I think our team is going to win the game. 我认为我们队会赢得比赛。He will be twenty years old next year. 明年他就20岁了。（3）be going to含有“计划，准备”的意思，而will则没有这个意思。例如：Im going to spend my holiday in a village. 我打算在一个小村子里度假。He will be here in half an hour. 他一小时后到达这里。（4）在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用 be going to, 而多用will。例如：Well have a picnic if my father is free. 如果我父亲有空，我们会去野餐。（5）be going to 表示根据目前迹象推断将要发生的事情，而在没有迹象表明的情况下进行的猜测用“will和be going to”皆可。例如：Look at the clouds. Its going to rain. 你看天上的云。快下雨了。My God! We are going to crash. 天哪！我们快撞车了。I think the weather will be nice. I think the weather is going to be nice. 我想天会晴朗。练习IV. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Today is a sunny day. We are _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.2. Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is raining. 3. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _ (watch) TV and _(catch) insects(昆虫)?4. Its Friday today. What is she going to do this weekend? She _ (watch) TV and _ (catch) insects.5. What _ (do) next Sunday? I _ (milk) cows.6. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.III. 句式转换，每空一词。1. Nancy is going to go camping.（改为否定句） Nancy _ going to go camping.2. Ill go and join them.（改为否定句） I _ go _ join them.3. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改为一般疑问句） _ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?4. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改为一般疑问句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30?5. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问） _ _ she _ _ _ after school?6. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.（对划线部分提问）_ _ _ father and mother going to see a play? 7. We are going to play ping-pong on Saturday. (改为一般疑问句并作否定回答) _ _ going to play ping-pong on Saturday? _, we _.8. Hes going to tell me all about it. (改为否定句) He _ _ going to tell me all about it.9. She is going to work hard at English this term. (对划线部分提问)_ she _ this term?10. Theyre going to the Sun Island by bus. (对划线部分提问)_ _they _ _ the Sun Island?11. The students of Class Three have a field trip on Sunday. (用next Sunday改写)The students of Class Three _ _ _ _ a field trip next Sunday.12. Linda has lunch at school on Tuesday. (用next Tuesday改写)Linda _ _ _ _ lunch at school next Tuesday.现在进行时【概念引入】I. 什么是现在进行时？ 1）现在进行时表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作。 例如：I am reading a book. 我正在看书。 2）表示现阶段正在进行而说话时不一定在进行的动作。例如：I am learning English hard these days. 这些日子我正在努力学习英语。II. 现在进行时的标志词。现在进行时常和now、at the moment、look、listen等连用。【用法讲解】I. 现在进行时的结构。现在进行时的结构是：助动词be（am，is，are）现在分词v-ing 现在分词的构成：1）动词的后面直接加ing。例如：workworking，studystudying2）以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去掉字母e，再加ing。例如：liveliving3）以重读闭音节结尾并且只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加ing。 例如：stopstopping，swimswimming，runrunningII. 现在进行时的用法。1） 现在进行时表示说话的时候正在进行的动作，经常和now，right now， at the moment等时间状语或者动词look，listen等连用。 例如：My father is watching TV now.我爸爸现在在看电视。 Look! My brother is playing basketball there. 看！我弟弟正在那里打篮球。2）现在进行时可以表示目前一段时间内一直进行的动作，经常和these days，this week， at present等时间状语连用。 例如：My parents are working on a farm these days. 这些天我的父母在农场干活。3）现在进行时还可以表示现在不断发展变化的事情，表示不断发展变化的动词有get，grow，turn，become等。 例如：The leaves are turning yellow. 树叶在变黄。4）现在进行时还可以表示将要发生的动作，只限于动词arrive，begin，go，come，leave，fly等动词。 例如：I am coming soon. 我马上来。 . 现在进行时的句式变化。肯定句式：主语+be( am, is, are)+现在分词+其它. 否定句式：主语+be(am, is, are) +not +现在分词+其它. 一般疑问句：Be(is, are) +主语+现在分词+其它？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词+be(is, are)+主语+现在分词+其它？ 对现在进行时的特殊疑问句的回答，它不可以用Yes或No直接作答，要根据实际情况回答。 . 现在进行时的特殊用法。 表示位置移动的动词，如：leave/ come/go/begin等用于现在进行时，表示按计划或安排近期将要进行的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。 Can you help me? 你能帮我吗？ OK! Im coming. 当然可以，我就来。 Im going fishing tomorrow. 我明天要去钓鱼。 . 现在进行时和一般现在时的区别。1）现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，或者某一段时间内正在进行的动作。常与now, listen, look, at present, at the moment 等词连用。例如：Listen! The bird is singing in the tree. 听！小鸟在树上唱歌。2）一般现在时表示习惯性，经常性的动作。例如：She goes to school at seven oclock. 她七点钟去上学。它所描述的事情一般不会发生改变。例如：物体的性质： The table is made of wood. 这个桌子是木头做的。 客观事实或真理： The earth is bigger than the moon. 地球比月亮大。练习. 用现在进行时填空。1. Look! They _ (eat) dinner.2. Whats your brother doing? He _(play) computer games.3. Listen! Andrew _(sing) in the room.4. Be quiet! The teachers _(have) a meeting.5. Can you go to the movie now? Sorry, I cant. I _(write) to my pen pal. 根据汉语意思，翻译下列句子。1. 此时，伦敦的人们正在睡梦中。 At _ _, people in London are _.2. 周末，公园里有很多人。 There are _ _ people in the park on _.3. 孩子们不是在看电视，他们是在玩游戏。 The children _ _ TV; they _ _ computer games.4. 我正在享受阳光。 I _ _ _ _.5. 人们没在穿衣打扮。 People arent _ _.巩固练习I. 选择填空。1. You look excited. Yes, I am. I _ Jackie Chans new movie in Dalian this evening.A. was going to B. went to C. am going to D. have gone to2. There are many clouds coming. It _ rain soon. A. willB. is going toC. looks like D. likes 3. There _ a talk show on CCTV-4 at nine this evening. A. will have B. is going to be C. is going to have D. is having 4. There _ two football matches on TV tomorrow afternoon. Really? Thats great.A. will haveB. are going to beC. is going to be D. are going to have5. There is going to _ a report _ Chinese history in our school this evening.A. have, on B. be, on C. have, for D. be, of 1. Listen! Who_ in the room? Lets go and see.A. is crying B. cryingC. cryD. cries2. Who _ that piano? My sister, when she has time.A. plays B. is playingC. play D. playing3. Where is your mother, Helen? She _ the flowers over there in the garden.A. waters B. water C. watering D. is watering4. Hello! Is that John speaking? Sorry. This is Henry. John _ supper.A. cook B. cooks C. is cookingD. cooked5. Is that your coat sir? No. Mine _ over there near the window.A. hangsB. is hanging C. hang D. has hung6. Look! The workers _ a new bridge now. The traffic in Changchun will be better soon. A. build B. are building C. built D. were building7. Is tea ready? No, mother is _ it ready now. A. doing B. cooking C. burning D. getting8. Wheres Li Hua? Look! He _ tennis on the playground.A. plays B. played C. was playing D. is playing9. Kate _ singing, but she likes dancing. Look! She _ there. A. doesnt like; is dancing B. doesnt like; dancing C. isnt like; is dancing D. dont like; is dancing10. Excuse me, where is Lily? Oh, she _ the volleyball match on the playground. A. watches B. will watch C. is watching D. watched11. _ is the weather in Beijing? Its sunny.A. What B. Why C. HowD. Where12. Whats the weather like in London? Its _. A. sun B. cloud C. rainy D. rains13. _ fine weather today! Yes, lets go fishing.A. What B. What a C. HowD. Why14. _ your brother _ on the playground? Yes, he is.A. Does; play B.Is; playC. Is; playing D. Do; playing15. My parents _ watching TV now.A. dont B. arent C. doesnt D. isnt16Do you know if Cindy will drive to Italy this weekend? Cindy? Never! She _drivingAhas hated Bhated Cwill hate Dhates17. What a hot day! The weather report says it will be even _ tomorrow Acooler Bhotter Cwetter Dcolder10