蓝色幼儿园冬季传染病预防PPT模板下载.pptx
,感冒,手足口病,轮状病毒,麻疹,水痘,诺如病毒,流行性腮腺炎,冬季预防要点,第一章,PART ONE,感冒,The average person is always waiting for an opportunity to come The average person is always waiting for an,主要表现为咽喉痛、鼻塞和流鼻涕、流眼泪、打喷嚏、轻度发热、头痛和咽痛,很少出现发高热和全身酸痛的症状,发病周期短。,要注意随温度变化选择衣物,注意保暖。增加户外活动,增强体质,提高抵抗力。多饮水、多吃水果,适当补充维生素C。注意通风,居尽量避免幼儿出入公共场所。要注意幼儿个人卫生,要勤洗手。,第二章,PART TWO,水痘,The average person is always waiting for an opportunity to come The average person is always waiting for an,传播途径,水痘预防,注意个人卫生,增强体质。要讲究个人卫生,经常洗澡、换衣服,保持皮肤清洁,勤剪指甲,勤洗手,坚持体育锻炼,增强抗病能力,运动前后注意及时增减衣服,防止着凉。,经常开窗通风,保持空气清新。教室 、活动室、寝室要勤开窗保持空气流通。,严格管理传染源。对可疑或确诊为水痘的患者应进行隔离,隔离应持续到全部疱疹干燥结痂时为止。其间,患者一切用物及呼吸道分泌物均应消毒处理,防止易感儿接触病人。,减少集会,防止感染。水痘高发时期,应尽量少去医院及其他公共场所,避免接触水痘或带状疱疹病人,以防感染水痘。学校、幼儿园出现水痘时要停止举办大型活动,减少传播机会。接触过病人要观察2128天。,接种水痘疫苗,提高免疫力。接种水痘疫苗是最有效的预防手段。,第三章,PART THREE,手足口病,The average person is always waiting for an opportunity to come The average person is always waiting for an,一种儿童常见的传染病,以发热、口腔黏膜疱疹或溃疡、手、足、臀部位皮肤出诊为主要特征,少数患者会出现的严重的并发症,如脑炎、脑干脑炎、急性迟缓性麻痹、肺水肿、肺出血、心肺功能衰竭等。,手足口病的预防,第四章,PART FOUR,诺如病毒,The average person is always waiting for an opportunity to come The average person is always waiting for an,第五章,PART FIVE,轮状病毒,The average person is always waiting for an opportunity to come The average person is always waiting for an,轮状病毒是一种双链核糖核酸病毒,几乎每个大约五岁的小孩都曾感染过轮状病毒。这种病毒主要感染小肠上皮细胞,从而造成细胞损伤,引起腹泻和呕吐,第六章,PART SIX,流行性腮腺炎,The average person is always waiting for an opportunity to come The average person is always waiting for an,腮腺炎是被患者和健康带毒者唾液污染的食具或玩具,病毒侵入上呼吸道粘膜并在局部生长繁殖,患者可有倦怠、畏寒、食欲不振、低热、头痛等症状,其后则出现一侧腺肿大或者两侧腮腺同时肿大而变形,局部疼痛,开口和咀嚼时疼痛明显,食酸性食物胀痛加剧,常可波及邻近的颌下腺,台下腺和颈部淋巴结。腮腺肿大可持续5日左右,以后可逐日减退。全部病程约7-12日,可并发睾丸炎、卵巢炎、脑膜炎等。,及时隔离患者至消肿为止。,请服用中药抗病毒冲剂预防,,流行季节注射“麻腮风”疫苗提高免疫力。,第七章,PART SEVEN,麻疹,The average person is always waiting for an opportunity to come The average person is always waiting for an,控制传染源,早发现、早隔离C、早治疗,隔离患者治疗后5天。,增强免疫力,可肌注丙种球蛋白或麻疹疫苗。,注意开窗通风,保持室内空气的新鲜。,麻疹是由麻疹病毒引起的一种急性呼吸道传染病,以发热、咳嗽、流涕、眼膜充血、口腔粘膜疹及全身斑丘疹为主要特征,麻疹通过呼吸道飞沫传播,病人是唯一传染病,患病后可获得持久免疫力。,第八章,PART EIGHT,冬季预防要点,The average person is always waiting for an opportunity to come The average person is always waiting for an,勤洗勤换勤晒衣物,被褥。勤洗手,勤剪指甲。避免与他人共用水杯。,餐前便后要洗手。打喷嚏,咳嗽和清洁鼻子要用卫生纸掩盖。多饮白开水,拒绝生水。尽量少喝有色饮料,