专题11 情态动词【讲义】-2022年中考英语语法细分命题点综合复习（课件+课后练习题）.docx

2022中考英语语法细分命题点复习专题11情态动词目录考向一 can/could1can的用法11.1 could 用法2考向二 may/might42.1 may 用法4might 用法4考向三 must/have to5must 用法53.1 have to 用法7考向四 will/would8考向五 need/should/had better9need 用法95.1 should 用法10had better 用法11考向一 can/could1.1 can的用法1 .can表示能力，意为”能，会”。如：I can read this sentence in English.我能用英语读这句话。2 .can表示许可时，意为”可以，能够”，相当于may.She said that I could use her computer.她说我可以使用她的电脑。3 .can用于推测，表示可能性，意为“可能”The man can't be our teacher - he has gone to Beijing.那个男人不可能是我们的老师，他去北京了。1. （2021 广西）可7也）My classmate is running so fast! I believe my eyes.A. can't B. needn't C. mustn't D. shouldn't【答案】A（2021 内蒙古包头）一Hi, Carl! Tm leaving for Chengdu this weekend.一Cool! But Iget away until the end of July.A. shouldn't B. can't C. needn't D. mustn't【答案】B【答案】C46. （2021 江苏通州模）The designers of the robot have tried every possible way to make it light, so you worry about its weight.A. may B. must C. can't D. needn't【答案】D5.2 should 用法Lshould表示义务，职责时，意为”应当，应该“，往往表示说话者的观点.彳列句：People shouldn't talk on a mobile phone while they are driving.2.should表示建议.彳列句： You should leave home 10 minutes earlier than before in future.3.should表示推测.例句：Only ten tickets? What do you mean? There should be twelve.47. （2019云南） 一Pve got a toothache, mom.一Oh, you eat too much candy.A. shouldn*t B. needn*t C. should D. need【答案】A（2021 江苏景山中学一模）You require others to do with the problem like you. Everyone has his own way.A. mustn't B. needn't C. may not D. shouldn't【答案】D（2021 湖北武汉）一 Only ten tickets? What do you mean? There be twelve. 一 Sorry,Linda. Jacky and Tim took two tickets away.A. should B. will C. can D. may【答案】A（2020青海） 一Lily is intelligent and hard-working, she do well in the singing competition.一Sure. She was born to be a singer.A. should B. might C. can't【答案】A（2021 天津）People talk on a mobile phone while they are driving.A. shouldn't B. needn't C. must D. can【答案】Ahad better 用法had better ,意思“最好是”：肯定式 had better do；否认式是：had better not （do）.彳列句： You'd better sit here and say nothing.You'd better not speak because he is sleeping.1.1 It's getting dark. You'd better out by yourself. Ws dangerous.A. not go B. not to C. to go【答案】A.You'd better too much chocolate, or you'll get fat fast.A. not to eat B. not eat C. not eating【答案】B.You look quite tired. You'd better a good rest.A. stop to have B. stop having C. to stop to have D. to stop having【答案】A（2021 黑龙江香坊三模）How can I get on with people around me?You'd better tobe caring and helpful.A. learn B. to learn C. learning【答案】A3. （2021 江苏连云港）What an amazing robot! It cook more than 5, 000 dishes.A. shall B. need C. must D. can【答案】D（2020新疆） My classmate is jumping so far! I believe my eyes.A. shouldn't B. needn*t C. mustn't D. can't【答案】D（2021 江苏徐州）you raise your feet off the floor? Fd like to see if my pen is under the desk.A. Must B. Can C. Should D. May【答案】B（2020湖北黄石）一Mom,I watch TV tonight?一Sure, but you finish yourhomework first.A. can, mustn't B. may; could C. may; can*t D. can; must【答案】D（ 2021 湖北黄石）一I wonder if this glass is Tom's.It be his. His was broken just now.A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. shouldn't【答案】C（2021广西贺州）一 Is the girl over there Amy? 一 It be her. She has gone to Beijing tovisit her grandma.A. mustn't B. can't C. could D. might【答案】B（2020.西藏）Look at that girl! Is it Zhuoma?No. It be her. Zhuoma has gone to herhometown.A. mustn't B. needn't C. can D. can't【答案】D1.2 could 用法could与can意思相近，注意二者差异：1 .情态动词“can”的过去式是“could”，过去式中用couldo2,can/could表示许可时，could比can更委婉，更礼貌。3.表推测时：could比can更加不肯定。易错：Could引导的一般疑问句，回答时可用could,也可用can。区别：过去式必须用could,其他情况，比拟肯定时用can,不太肯定时用could。彳列句:-Robert, could you wash the car for me? -Yes, I can. Tm coming, dad.10. （2020江苏南京）By the time she was eight, Linda read English and French.A. could B. must C. need D. may【答案】A（2021 广西7可:也一模）-Some people don't show their talents at the very beginning. -I agree. Even Einstein read until he was seven.A. can't B. mustn't C. couldn't D. needn't【答案】C（2021 辽宁盘锦）My car is broken.you please give me a lift?A. Must B. Need C. Should D. Could【答案】D（2021 云南昭通一模）一 I go to see a film with Ann tonight, Mom?一Sure, that's OK.A. Will B. Need C. Could D. Should【答案】C（2021 江苏南京模拟预测）一 you give me a hand? I can't put up the poster by myself.一No problem.A. Could B. Should C. Need D. Must【答案】A（2020湖北咸宁）一Mum, it's too hot.I swim in the lake with my friends?一No, you. That9s too dangerous!A. Could; mustn't B. Need; couldn't C. Must; needn9t D. Should; can9t 【答案】A考向二 may/might2.1 may用法.may/might表示允许或许可，意为“可以”.例句：May I use your phone?1 .may/might表推测,是“可能，或许”之意.彳列句： He may be wrong, but Pm not sure.2 .易错:may引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用Yes,may./Yes, of course./Yes, certainly.；否认回答用 No, .can't/mustn't。例句：一Might/May I smoke in this room?Yes, you may. /No, you can,t/mustn,t.16. （2021 四川自贡）一 I take a seat here? 一 No, you can't. They're only for the old andchildren.A. May B. Must C. Will【答案】A（2021天津和平二模）一Mum,I go out to watch a movie?一Yes, you can. But youmust finish your homework first.A. must B. need C. will D. may【答案】D（2020-山东济南）The notebook belong to Brian, but Pm not sure about it.A. can't B. may C. needn't D. must【答案】B（2021 江苏鼓楼二模）一 Will dad arrive home at 6 o'clock to have dinner with us this evening?I think he will, but he not. Sometimes he works extra hours.A. can B. must C. need D. may【答案】D2.2 might 用法might与may意思相近，注意二者差异:1 .表示征询许可时,might比may的语气委婉.例J 句： Might I ask for a photograph of your little daughter? Yes, you may.2 .表推测时，might语气更加不肯定，多用于肯定句。20. （2017青海西宁）一What will the weather be like tomorrow?一It be rainy, cloudy orsunny. I'm not sure.A. must B. should C. can't D. might【答案】D（2020湖南,怀化）一Where's Jane?一I'm not sure. She in the library.A. might be B. must be C. can*t be【答案】A（2021 山东历城二模）一Where are you going this month?一We go to Xiamen, butwe're not sure.A. needn't B. might C. must D. mustn't【答案】B考向三 must/have to3.1 must 用法Lmust表示必须，指说话人的主观语气。例句： You must obey the school rules.2 .must表示推测，用于肯定句，意为“一定"，否认句中用can，t/couldn飞来代替例句： This must be your room.3 .【注意】mustn,t表示禁止，意为“千万不要，禁止”，是说话人强有力的劝告彳列句： You mustn't play with the knife or you may hurt yourself.4 .【注意】在回答must开头的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用must,否认回答用neednt或donl have to.例J句： Must 1 finish my homework before eight o'clock?Yes,you must.Must I attend the meeting?No,you needn't.23. （2021 四川广元）一Must I finish the job this Friday?一No, you. You can finish it nextMonday.A. can't B. need C. needn't D. mustn't【答案】C（2021 青海西宁）Children be told not to swim in the river.A. can B. must C. may D. might【答案】B（2021 青海）一Lucy, you still look pale, how about your stomachache?一I've taken some medicine,but it doesn't work. I go to see a doctor.A. must B. should C. can【答案】A（2021 重庆）Excuse me, can I borrow this book?一Sure, but you return it by the endof this term.A. can B. can't C. must D. mustn't【答案】C（2021 .贵州黔东南）Hi, Ann. Do you know where your English teacher Mr. Liu is? Hebe in the classroom. It's the English class now.A. can B. must C. may D. need【答案】B（2021 贵州贵阳）“Gina, whose book is this?" “It be Carla's. Charles Dickens is her favoritewriter.A. must B. can C. may【答案】A（2020甘肃天水）一Where is Tom?一He in his room. The light in his room is on.A. mustn't be B. can be C. can't be D. must be【答案】D（2021 江苏镇江）The sign “No Littering shows that we throw rubbish in the park.A. needn't B. won't C. mustn't D. may not【答案】C24. （ 2021 福建）According to the new regulation （规定），school students take their cell phones tothe classroom.A. wouldn't B. needn't C. mustn't【答案】Chave to 用法1 .have to表示“不得不”、“必须”。其否认疑问形式需借助于助动词do/does/did。例句： We'll have to leave now for it is very late at night.2 .have to 与 must 二者差异：用must表示“必须”的意思时，通常着重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要去做某事；而have to 着重于客观需要，含有“不得不”的意思。例句：We must study English hard.You are ill today. You have to see a doctor.32. （2021 黑龙江模拟预测）一Must I finish all the exercises today?一No, you, butyou finish them before Friday.A. mustn't, have to B. don9t have to, must C. needn't, need【答案】B（2020山东青岛）一Allen, shall we go to the bookstore this afternoon? 一 I'm sorry, David, butI meet my cousin at the train station.A. have to B. can C. may D. could【答案】AThe manager says that there's no hot water after8:00 tonight.-You mean we go to bedwithout a shower. How terrible!A. can B. have to C. may【答案】B（2021 山东广饶一模）一Simon, shall we go to the library this afternoon?一I'm sorry, David, butI meet my cousin at the train station.A. have to B. can C. may D. could【答案】A考向四 will/wouldLwill表示意志、愿望和决心，常译为“愿意”彳列句：If you will help us, we shall be very grateful.2. win用于第二人称疑问句，表示请求或建议等Will you have dinner with me tonight?今天晚上和我一起吃饭好吗？3. would作为will的过去式，可表示过去的意志、愿望或决心等，意为“愿意”。例句：He promised he would never smoke again.他承诺他再也不吸烟 了。4. 用于第二人称疑问句中，表示现在的请求、建议，比will的语气委婉。例句： Would you please pass the English-Chinese dictionary on to Mary?36. 一Honey, stay home before I return.-1, mum.A. must B. can C. will D. should【答案】C（2021 安徽霍邱一模）一Don't feed the animals any more, kids! Ifs harmful to them.一Sorry, sir.We.A. can't B. mustn't C. won't D. needn't【答案】c（2019云南,中央民族大学附属中学昆明五华实验学校一模）一Dont play with the knife, you*ll cut your hand. - Sorry. I.A. so; can't B. and; won*t C. but; mustn't D. or; won't【答案】D（2020江苏徐州）Mother had a hard time getting Helen up in the morning. She called and called, butHelen wake up.A. wouldn't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't【答案】A（2021 浙江乐清一模）My friend once told me that whenever she was unhappy, she go outand buy something, usually something large and useless.A. should B. could C. would D. might【答案】C37. （2018.江苏省锡山高级中学实验学校二模）When I was young, my father take me toclimb the hill which was not far from our house.A. may B. must C. would D. should【答案】C（2019北京石景山二模）一 you like to drink some tea? 一 Yes, please. Thanks verymuch.A. would B. can C. might D. must【答案】A考向五 need/should/had better5.1 need 用法need,做情态动词时，表示”需要，必须”，多用于疑问句和否认句。例句：Need you go so soon?You needn't come so early.1. 注意：need还可做实义动词，句型need to do sth。（此时变否认句和疑问句需要借助于助动词 do/does/did）。例句： Need you go so soon?=Do you need to go soon?43. （2021 四川沙湾二模）一 Must I change a bus?一 No, you. Jump off at London Bridge.It be wrong.A. mustn't; mustn't B. may not; must C. needn't; can't【答案】C（2021甘肃平凉市蛇晌区教育科学研究所一模）Shall I tell Mike about it? No, you He's already been told.A. mustn't B. can't C. don't D. needn't【答案】D（2021J折江温州）一Simon, I'm afraid we can't complete the model spaceship this afternoon.Well, we finish it today. It9s fine if we give it to Mr. Wang tomorrow.A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't