中考英语语法学案：状语从句.doc

语法-状语从句一、定义： 状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等，状语从句都是由从属连词引导，与主句连接，位于句首时，常用逗号分开。 状语从句根据其用途可分为_, _, _, _, _, _, _, _等。 二、分类讲解。 1.时间状语从句： 从句的引导词有： when/_/as; _(在之前); _(在之后)； _ 自从； _知道才； _ 一就。注意：(1) 当主句是一般将来时或祈使句，或是表示将来的意义时， 从句用一般现在时。 (2) when 引导的时间状语从句，表示主句和从句的动作同时发生，before 表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前，after 表示发生之后。 Eg: ( ) When you _ the office, youd better _ that the lights are turned off. A. leave; make sure B. leave; to make sure C. will leave; make sure D. will leave, to make sure (3) until/till 引导的时间状语从句， 主句的谓语动词是延续性时， 主句用肯定形式。 表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until/till 所表示的时间为止。till 和until 都表示直到， 常可换用， 但till 不用于句首， 也不可用于强调句。 You may stay here until the rain_(stop). 你可在这里呆到雨停。 主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词，用否定形式表示主句的谓语， 所表示的动作直到until所表示的时间才发生。 构成句式not until, 有时不用not, 用其他如never, nothing 等表示否定的词。 He _(not go to bed) until he had finished his work. Since 引导的时间状语从句，表示自从以来， 主句多用现在完成时， 从句用一般过去时。 Eg: I _(work) in this company since I graduated from Beijing University. 2. 地点状语从句： 由where, wherever 引导。 Eg: Where there is a will, there is a way.3. 原因状语从句： 表示理由或原因的状语从句，常用连词because, since 和as.这三个词所表达的语气由because 到as 逐渐减弱， 由why 提出的问题用because 回答。 4. 目的状语从句： (1) 引导目的状语从句的词或词组有：so that, so, in order that等， 谓语常含may, might, can, could , will, would 等情态动词。 Eg: He must get up early _ he can catch the first bus. (2) 当从句与主句主语一致时， 可用：so as to, in order to. Eg:He worked day and night in order that he could succeed. =He worked day and night _succeed. 5.结果状语从句： 引导结果状语从句的词或词组有： so that , such that. Eg: The question is so hard that I cant work it out. 6. 条件状语从句： 条件状语从句通常由if(假如), as long as(只要)， unless 来引导， 主句为祈使句， 一般将来时， 或有情态动词时， 从句用一般现在时。 Eg: You will not pass the exam _ you study hard. ( ) Tomorrow well go to the city park _ it is sunny. A. as soon as B. when C. if D. as ( ) -Shall we have the volleyball match tomorrow? - Oh, it will be put off if it _. A. snows B. is snowing C. snowed D. snow 7. 让步状语从句： 让步状语从句表示与主句相反的条件或情况， 但从句所表示的这些不利因素并不能阻止主句动作的发生， 在相反的条件下， 主句的情况依然存在。 引导让步状语从句的连词有：though/although, even though(尽管), whoever/no matter who, however/ no matter how, whatever / no matter what 和as, 但主句中不能再用but. Eg: He didnt turn on the lights, _ it was dark inside. ( ) Jack spends much money on books _ he is not so rich. A. though B. when C. if D. because8. 比较状语从句： than; asas; not as/soas Choose the best answer:( )1. The Dead Sea is _ salty _ swimmers cant sink. A. so, that B. too, to C. such, that D. enough, to( )2. Well go shopping as soon as it _. A. well stop raining B. stops raining C. will stop to rain D. stops to rain ( )3. While she _ TV in the sitting room, the bell _. A. watches, rings B. is watching, rang C. was watching , rang D. watched, was ringing ( )4_we are very young, _we can speak English well .A. Though, but B. Because, so C. Though, / D. Because, /()5. Ill tell him to go to your office when I _ him. A. have seen B. will see C. am seeing D. see ( )6. It was _ interesting film that I saw it for a second time. A. so B. so an C. such D. such an ( )7. -Do you know when the teacher _ back tomorrow? - Sorry, I dont know. If he _ back, I will tell you at once. A. comes; comes B. comes, will come C. will come, comes D. will come, will come ( )8. It has been four months _ I studied English. A. while B. since C. for D. after ( )9. You should run the shop _ your boss has taught you. A. as B. and C. but D. so ( )10. He was _ angry to hear the news that he couldnt say a word. A. so B. too C. very D. much ( )11.He saves money _ he can buy some birthday presents for his mother.A.so B. So that C. such that d. in order ( )12. Little Kate went to school _ it snowed heavily yesterday . A. if b. though C. because D. since ( )13. The flowers _ well if they _. A. wont grow; dont take good care of B. dont grow, are taken good care of C. dont grow, dont take good care of D. wont grow, are not taken good care of ( )14. - I hear a new film is on these days. Shall we go to the cinema together, Lucy and Lily? -_ Lily_ I will go with you because one of us must be at home to help our father in the garden. A. Either, nor B. either, or C. Neither, nor D. Both, and ( )15. You will be able to get good marks _. A. while you are doing your homework by yourself B. if you do some revision every day C. before you begin to study hard D. until you follow your teachers advice ( )16. - This dress was last years style. - I think it still looks perfect _ it has gone out this year. A. so that B. even though C. as if D. ever since ( )17. “remember, your teacher will not punish you _ finish your homework on time.” Mom said to his son. A. if B. unless C. when Dl. Until ( )18. We wont go to the park if it _ tomorrow. A. rains B. will rain C. is raining D. rained ( )19. The book was so interesting that he had read it for three hours _ he realized it. A. when B. until c. after D. before ( )20. You may go fishing if your work _. A. is done B. will. Be done C. has done D. have done ( )21. Will you come to the dinner party? - I wont come unless Jenny _. A. will be invited B. can be invited C. invited D. is invited