关系副词引导的定语从句讲稿.ppt

关于关系副词引导的定语从句第一页，讲稿共八十四页哦关系词关系词先行词所指先行词所指 关系词在关系词在从句从句中作用中作用关系关系代词代词that人人/物物主主语语、宾、宾语语、表语、表语which物物主主语语、宾、宾语语,表语表语who人人主主语语、宾、宾语语whom人人宾宾语语whose人人/物物定定语语(whose+n.)as主语.宾语Theuseoftherelativepronoun(关系代词关系代词)口诀口诀:定语从句三步：定语从句三步：第一找出先行词第一找出先行词第二看先行词在定语从句中的第二看先行词在定语从句中的 语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语法功能（做主语、宾语或状 语）语）第三选择合适的关系词第三选择合适的关系词第二页，讲稿共八十四页哦1.Thisisall_Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.WhatC.whoD.whether2.Isthereanythingelse_youwant?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what3.Thelastplace_wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.itChoose the best answers:第三页，讲稿共八十四页哦4.Pleasetakethesecondchair_isoverthere.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.that5.Isoxygentheonlygas_helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it6.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything_hehadstolentothepolice（NMET98)A.whichB.whatC.whateverD.that第四页，讲稿共八十四页哦7.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_wasmorethanweexpected.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it第五页，讲稿共八十四页哦关系副词的用法关系副词的用法关系副词关系副词指代指代在从句中的作用在从句中的作用when(=at/in/on/during which)where(=in/at/on/under which)why(=for which)时间时间时间状语时间状语地点地点地点状语地点状语原因原因原因状语原因状语第六页，讲稿共八十四页哦n（一）关系副词（一）关系副词where引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。nwhere引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示地引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示地点的名词，如点的名词，如place,factory,house,village等。等。n例：例：nChinaistheonlycountrywherewildpandascanbefound.nThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.第七页，讲稿共八十四页哦知识拓展：知识拓展：1.关系副词关系副词where引导的定语从句可以转换为引导的定语从句可以转换为“介词介词(in/on/at/under等等)+which”引导的定引导的定语从句。语从句。Eg:Thehotelwherewestayedwasntclean.The hotel in which we stayed wasnt clean.=The hotel which/that we stayed in wasnt clean.第八页，讲稿共八十四页哦nThehousewhereLuXunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.=The house in which LuXun once lived is being repaired now.第九页，讲稿共八十四页哦n2.若定语从句的先行词是若定语从句的先行词是地点地点，但定语，但定语从句从句缺主语或宾语缺主语或宾语，用，用which或或that引导定语从句，引导定语从句，而不用而不用where来引导。来引导。The library that/which you visited yesterday was built in 1990.第十页，讲稿共八十四页哦n3.如果定语从句分别修饰如果定语从句分别修饰point,situation,stage,condition和和case,position等表示抽象意义的词，常用等表示抽象意义的词，常用where/prep+which引导，意思是引导，意思是“到了某种地步，到了某种地步，在某种境况中在某种境况中”。例：例：Ive come to the point where I cant stand him.第十一页，讲稿共八十四页哦n【典型例题典型例题】n1.Itshelpfultoputchildreninasituation_theycanseethemselvesdifferently.nA.thatB.whennC.whichD.where第十二页，讲稿共八十四页哦n2.Lifeislikealongrace_wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.nA.whyB.whatnC.thatD.where第十三页，讲稿共八十四页哦n3.IhavereachedapointinmylifeIamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.nA.whichB.wherenC.howD.why第十四页，讲稿共八十四页哦n4.TheywillflytoWashington,_theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.nA.whereB.therenC.whichD.when第十五页，讲稿共八十四页哦nwhen引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示时引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示时间的名词，如间的名词，如time,day,hour,year等。等。n例：例：nThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.（二）关系副词（二）关系副词when引导的定语从句引导的定语从句第十六页，讲稿共八十四页哦先行词是time时n若若time是作是作“次数次数”讲时，应用关系代词讲时，应用关系代词that引引导的定语从句，导的定语从句，that可以省略。可以省略。nThisisthesecondtime(that)thepresidenthasvisitedthecountry.nIcouldhardlyrememberhowmanytimes(that)Ivefailed.n若若time作作”一段时间，时代一段时间，时代”讲时，应用关系副词讲时，应用关系副词when或介词或介词at/during+which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句nThiswasatatimewhen/duingwhichtherewasnoradios,notelephonesornoTVs.第十七页，讲稿共八十四页哦n1.Thisisthesecondtime_Ihavebeenhere.n2.Canyoustillrememberthetime_wespenttogetherinourchildhood.n3.Thefirsttime_hesawher,hefellinlovewithher.n(1.that/不填2.that/which3.that/不填)第十八页，讲稿共八十四页哦n4)Wearelivinginaage_manythingsaredoneontheInternet.nA.WhichB.ThatnC.WhoseD.when第十九页，讲稿共八十四页哦n知识拓展：知识拓展：n1.关系副词关系副词when引导的定语从句也可以转换引导的定语从句也可以转换为为“介词介词(in/at/on/during)+which”引导的定引导的定语从句。语从句。nIstillrememberthetimewhen(duringwhich)Ilivedinthecountryside.第二十页，讲稿共八十四页哦n2.若定语从句的若定语从句的先行词是时间，先行词是时间，但定语但定语从从句缺主语或宾语句缺主语或宾语，则用，则用which或或that引导定引导定语从句。语从句。nIllneverforgetthetimethat/whichIspentoncampus.nIllneverforgetthetimethat/whichwasspentwithyou.第二十一页，讲稿共八十四页哦n1.Becauseofthefinancialcrisis,daysaregone_local5-starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight.nA.ifB.whennC.whichD.since第二十二页，讲稿共八十四页哦n2.Wewentthroughaperiod_communicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.nA.whichB.whosenC.inwhichD.withwhich第二十三页，讲稿共八十四页哦n3.Occasionsarequiterare_Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.nA.WhonB.WhichnC.WhynD.When第二十四页，讲稿共八十四页哦n（三）关系副词（三）关系副词why引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。nwhy引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示原因引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示原因的名词，如：的名词，如：excuse;explanation;reason等。等。n例：例：nThereasonwhyhedidntcometothepartyisthathedidntwanttoseeJane.第二十五页，讲稿共八十四页哦nWecantaccepttheexcusewhyyouwereabsent.nThisistheexplanationwhytheyputoffthemeeting.第二十六页，讲稿共八十四页哦n知识拓展：知识拓展：n1.关系副词关系副词why引导的定语从句可以转换为引导的定语从句可以转换为“for+which”引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。nThisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Ididntcomehere.第二十七页，讲稿共八十四页哦n2.若定语从句的先行词是若定语从句的先行词是reason，但定语，但定语从从句缺主语或宾语句缺主语或宾语，则用，则用which或或that引导定引导定语从句。语从句。nThereasonthat/whichshegavemewasnottrue.第二十八页，讲稿共八十四页哦n即学即用n1)Thereason_hedidntcomewasthathewasill.n2)Thereasonheexplainedisnottrue.why that/which 第二十九页，讲稿共八十四页哦n3)Thereason_hewasabsentwas_hehadabadcold.nA.When,becausenB.When,whynC.WhybecausenD.Whythat第三十页，讲稿共八十四页哦(四)Way后接定语从句的情况nway后面的定语从句的引导词有后面的定语从句的引导词有which/inwhich/that/不填不填，如：，如：nIrecognizedhesfromAustraliafromntheway_hespeaks.in which(that/不填不填)第三十一页，讲稿共八十四页哦填上合适的关系词并分析原因填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.Theway_heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.that/which/不填不填that/inwhich/不填不填缺状语缺宾语缺少主语或宾语缺少主语或宾语:引导词用引导词用that/which/不填不填(缺宾语时缺宾语时)主语宾语都不缺主语宾语都不缺:引导词用引导词用that/inwhich/不填不填第三十二页，讲稿共八十四页哦n1.Idontliketheway_youlaughather.nInwhich/that/不填第三十三页，讲稿共八十四页哦（四）判断关系代词与关系副词（四）判断关系代词与关系副词第三十四页，讲稿共八十四页哦n1.Thisisthemountainvillage_Ivisitedlastyear.n2.Thisisthemountainvillage_Istayedlastyear.n3.Thisisthemountainvillage_Istayedinlastyear.that/whichwherethat/which/不填不填第三十五页，讲稿共八十四页哦介词可后移，此时关系代词可以省略nThisisthebookforwhichyouasked.n=Thisisthebookwhich/that/不填youaskedfor.n但是有些固定动词短语不能拆开，介词不能提前，只能能够放在动词的后面nEg.ThisisXuJingleislatestmovie(which/that)sheislookingfor.第三十六页，讲稿共八十四页哦n1.Isthismuseum_youvisitedafewdaysago?nA.whereB.thatnC.onwhichD.theonen2.Isthisthemuseum_theexhibitionwasheld?nA.whereB.thatnC.onwhichD.theone第三十七页，讲稿共八十四页哦n归纳：归纳：n关系词的选择依据先行词在从句中所作的成关系词的选择依据先行词在从句中所作的成分，先行词在从句中作分，先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语主、定、宾语时，时，选择关系代词选择关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose)；先行词在从句中作；先行词在从句中作状语状语时，应选时，应选择关系副词择关系副词(where地点状语，地点状语，when时间时间状语，状语，why原因状语原因状语)。第三十八页，讲稿共八十四页哦“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句介词后的关系代词只能是介词后的关系代词只能是which（指物指物）whom（指人指人）第三十九页，讲稿共八十四页哦介词选择的三原则：n一介词根据从句谓语动词的搭配习惯而确定nonwhichIspent5yuan.nforwhichIpaid5yuan.nThisisthebookfromwhichIlearntalot.aboutwhichTomoftentalks第四十页，讲稿共八十四页哦二.介词根据先行词的搭配习惯而确定nIrememberthedayonwhichIjoinedntheParty.nthedaysduringwhichInlivedhere.nthemonthinwhicIstayednthere.第四十一页，讲稿共八十四页哦三.介词根据从句所表达的意义而确定nMycomputer,withoutwhichIcantplaycomputergames,crashedyesterday.nLearningacountryscultureislikeopeningawindow,throughwhichyoucanknowaboutthatcountrybetter.第四十二页，讲稿共八十四页哦四.当表示所有关系或是整体中的一部分时，常用ofwhich/whom引导定语从句nTheoldmanhastwosons,bothofwhomaredoctors.nThisisthehouse,thewindowsofwhich(whosewindow)areverybeautiful.第四十三页，讲稿共八十四页哦五.介词短语+关系代词n常见短语：atthefootof;atthebakeof;ninfrontof;onthetopofnEg:Theystayedinabighotel,infrontofwhichwasagarden.第四十四页，讲稿共八十四页哦六.名词（代词/数词）+of+关系代词n该结构一般引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中一般做主语nEg;Thebuildinghadbeenrepaired,theroofofwhichwasdestroyedagaininthebigfire.第四十五页，讲稿共八十四页哦七.介词+whosen在定语从句中做在定语从句中做定语定语，修饰其后的名词，修饰其后的名词Eg:SheistheverypersoninwhosepocketIfoundmylostwatch.第四十六页，讲稿共八十四页哦n1.Guncontrolisasubject_Americanshavearguedforalongtime.nA.OfwhichnB.WithwithnC.AboutwhichnD.Intowhich第四十七页，讲稿共八十四页哦n2.ThehouseIgrewup_hasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.nA.InitnB.InnC.InthatnD.Inwhich第四十八页，讲稿共八十四页哦n3.Tomreceivedtraininginacomputerforoneyear,_hefoundajobinabigcompany.nA.AfterthatnB.AfterwhichnC.AfteritnD.Afterthis第四十九页，讲稿共八十四页哦n4.Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty,andoneofthemcameuptous,_wegavesomebellsandglasses.nA.towhichB.towhomnC.withwhomD.Withthat第五十页，讲稿共八十四页哦n5.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtennWindows,mostof_hadntbeenncleanedfortenyears.nA.theseB.thoseC.thatD.which第五十一页，讲稿共八十四页哦第五十二页，讲稿共八十四页哦as 引导定语从句第五十三页，讲稿共八十四页哦在定语从句中，一般的从句关系代词是在定语从句中，一般的从句关系代词是which、who、whom、that、whose,其代替主句中的人或其代替主句中的人或物，在从句中做主语、宾语或定语。物，在从句中做主语、宾语或定语。一、一、as引导限制性定语从句引导限制性定语从句主要结构有：主要结构有：thesameasasassuchassoas主句中出现主句中出现thesame,as,such,so修饰先行词，需修饰先行词，需选择选择as做关系代词在定语从句中做主语或宾语。做关系代词在定语从句中做主语或宾语。第五十四页，讲稿共八十四页哦1.Itsthesamepersonaswewantedtofindyesterday.我们昨天要找的是同一个人。我们昨天要找的是同一个人。2.SuchgirlsasheknowsaregoodatEnglish.他所认识的女孩都擅长英语。他所认识的女孩都擅长英语。3.Doyouhavesuchbooksaswelike?你有我们喜欢那种书吗？你有我们喜欢那种书吗？4.Shewillmarryashealthyamanasshecanfind.她将嫁给她能找到的任何一个有钱人。她将嫁给她能找到的任何一个有钱人。第五十五页，讲稿共八十四页哦5.Thereissowarmahouseaswewanttolivein.这里有如此暖和的房子，我们都想住在里面。这里有如此暖和的房子，我们都想住在里面。6.Hehassodifficultaproblem,asnoneofuscansolve.他有如此难的一个问题，我们没有人能解决。他有如此难的一个问题，我们没有人能解决。第五十六页，讲稿共八十四页哦二、引导非限制性定语从句二、引导非限制性定语从句as引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容，从句可置于引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容，从句可置于句首，句中或句尾句首，句中或句尾1Aseveryoneknows,Chinaisabeautifulcountrywithalonghistory.每个人都知道，中国是一个有着悠久历史的美丽国家。每个人都知道，中国是一个有着悠久历史的美丽国家。2Theearth,asweknow,movesroundthesun.地球，我们都知道，围着太阳转。地球，我们都知道，围着太阳转。3Tomworkshardandiswillingtohelpothers,asweallknow.汤母工作努力，并且乐于助人，这一点我们都知道。汤母工作努力，并且乐于助人，这一点我们都知道。第五十七页，讲稿共八十四页哦非限制性定语从句中的谓语为被动式时，常用非限制性定语从句中的谓语为被动式时，常用as做主语做主语besaid/known/announced/reported/mentioned/expected/discussedGrammar,ashasbeensaidbefore,isnotasetofdeadrules.语法，就像以前所说，不是一套死规则。语法，就像以前所说，不是一套死规则。Asisknowntoall,TaiWanisapartofChina.第五十八页，讲稿共八十四页哦as引导非限制性定语从句，有引导非限制性定语从句，有“如，似，正像如，似，正像”的含义，的含义，因此，下列句式多用因此，下列句式多用asashasbeensaidabove如上所说如上所说asanybodycansee正像每个人所看到的那样正像每个人所看到的那样aswehadexpected正如我们所预料的那样正如我们所预料的那样Theboyhasasmuchprogressaswehadexpected.正像我们所预料的那样，这个男孩取得了大的进步。正像我们所预料的那样，这个男孩取得了大的进步。第五十九页，讲稿共八十四页哦n定语从句与其他从句的比较定语从句与其他从句的比较n1.非限制性定语从句和单句非限制性定语从句和单句/并列句的比较并列句的比较nHehastwosons.Bothof_areteachers.（句）句）nHehastwosons,andbothof_areteachers.（句）句）nHehastwosons;bothof_areteachers.（句）句）nHehastwosons,bothof_areteachers.（句）句）nA.themB.whomA简单简单AA并列并列并列并列B定语从定语从第六十页，讲稿共八十四页哦n分析：注意标点符号和是否有连词是区分分析：注意标点符号和是否有连词是区分定语从句、简单句和并列句的一个关键。定语从句、简单句和并列句的一个关键。第六十一页，讲稿共八十四页哦n2.as引导的非限制性定语从句与引导的非限制性定语从句与it引导的句子引导的句子nTheearthisround,and_isknowntoall.n_isknowntoall,theearthisround.n_isknowntoallthattheearthisround.nA.(I)itB.A(a)sABA第六十二页，讲稿共八十四页哦n3.定语从句和状语从句定语从句和状语从句n(1)Thisissuchabigstone_noonecanliftit.（从句）从句）nThisissuchabigstone_noonecanlift.（从句）从句）状语状语thatas定语定语分析：从引导词来看，状语从句中的分析：从引导词来看，状语从句中的that 是是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分，而定语从连词，在从句中不充当任何成分，而定语从句中的句中的as在从句中要作一个成分（主语，宾在从句中要作一个成分（主语，宾语或表语）。语或表语）。第六十三页，讲稿共八十四页哦n(2)Pleaseputtheletterinthedrawerwherehecaneasilyfindit.（从句）从句）nPleaseputtheletterwherehecaneasilyfindit.（从句）从句）定语定语状语状语总结：总结：where前面有被修饰的前面有被修饰的地点名词地点名词时，是时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。定语从句，否则是状语从句。第六十四页，讲稿共八十四页哦n4.when引导的定语从句与强调句句型。引导的定语从句与强调句句型。nItwasOctober_wemetinBeijingforthefirsttime.（句）句）nItwasinOctober_wemetinBeijingforthefirsttime.（句）句）whenthat定语从定语从强调强调总结：强调句句型：总结：强调句句型：It is/was+被强调的部分被强调的部分+that/who+其它部分，去掉其它部分，去掉It is/wasthat/who,句子照样成立。而定语句子照样成立。而定语从句的引导词在句中要作一成分。从句的引导词在句中要作一成分。第六十五页，讲稿共八十四页哦n解题技巧：解题技巧：n1.通读全句。首先判断是什么句型。通读全句。首先判断是什么句型。n2.题干句如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述题干句如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。句式。n3.分析从句的句子结构，在定语从句中，分析从句的句子结构，在定语从句中，缺什么，就补什么：缺主语或宾语，用关缺什么，就补什么：缺主语或宾语，用关系代词；缺状语，用关系副词系代词；缺状语，用关系副词n4.注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列连注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列连词词and,but等。等。第六十六页，讲稿共八十四页哦n即学即用：即学即用：n1)Yesterdaymyphysicsteachersetsuchadifficultexamproblem_noneofusworkedout.nA.thatB.asnC.sothatD.whichB 第六十七页，讲稿共八十四页哦n2)HereareplayersfromJapan,someof_areouroldfriends.nA.whichB.thatnC.whomD.themC 第六十八页，讲稿共八十四页哦n3)Itwaselevenoclock_theywentoutofthecinema.nA.whichB.thatnC.whenD.onwhichC 第六十九页，讲稿共八十四页哦1.Illneverforgetthedays_weworkedtogether.2.Illneverforgetthedays_wespenttogether.3.Iwenttotheplace_Iworkedtenyearsago.when/inwhichwhichwhere/inwhich几种易混的情况几种易混的情况及物动词第七十页，讲稿共八十四页哦4.Iwenttotheplace_Ivisitedtenyearsago.5.Thisisthereason_hewaslate.6.Thisisthereason_hegave.whichwhy/forwhichthat/which及物动词及物动词第七十一页，讲稿共八十四页哦1.Last week,0nly two people came to look at the house，_ wanted to buy them.A.None of them B.Both of them C.None of whomD.Neither of whom第七十二页，讲稿共八十四页哦The man pulled out a golden watch,-_were made of small diamonds.A.The hands of whomB.Whom the hands ofC.Which the hands ofD.The hands of which第七十三页，讲稿共八十四页哦The newly built cafe,the walls of _are painted light green,is really a peaceful place for us,especially after hard work.A.ThatB.ItC.whatD.which第七十四页，讲稿共八十四页哦Thats the new machian_parts are too small to be seen.A.ThatB.Which C.WhoseD.what第七十五页，讲稿共八十四页哦You will find taxis waiting at the bus station _you can hire to reach your host family.A.WhichB.WhereC.when D.as第七十六页，讲稿共八十四页哦Julie was good at German,French,and Russian,all of _she spoke fluently.A.Who B.Whom C.Which D.that第七十七页，讲稿共八十四页哦(2011四川高考四川高考)That evening,_ I will tell you more about later,I ended up working very late.Awhich BthatCwhen Dwhat第七十八页，讲稿共八十四页哦(2011陕西高考陕西高考)I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends,_ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.Awhich Bwhere Cwho Dthat 第七十九页，讲稿共八十四页哦(2012合肥质量调研合肥质量调研)I remember early spring mornings _ my grandmother would tell me to sit quietly and then read me books.Awhen BwhyCwhere Dwhich第八十页，讲稿共八十四页哦(2012杭州第二次质量检测杭州第二次质量检测)Nowadays young people just cant live without the Internet,_ they depend on for whatever information they need.Awhen BwhichCwhere Dthat第八十一页，讲稿共八十四页哦 I dont like _ you speak to her.A.the way B.the way in that C.the way which D.the way of which第八十二页，讲稿共八十四页哦专题专练专题专练1.Do you think such a place _ you speak of is worth visiting?2.He promised to come to see me on purpose on Sunday,_ I doubt very much.3.There is a lake near our schoolyard,_ depth is out of your expectation.4.-Do you have anything in mind _ youd like for supper?-Well,anything is Ok for me.5.The house in _ he used to live has turned into a library.as which whose that which =the lakes 第八十三页，讲稿共八十四页哦感谢大家观看9/26/2022第八十四页，讲稿共八十四页哦