句子成分和结构讲稿.ppt

关于句子成分和结构第一页，讲稿共三十八页哦主语：一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首，但一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首，但there be 结构，疑问句和倒装句例外。结构，疑问句和倒装句例外。1.Knowledge is power.2.We are friends.3.Three will be enough for us.4.To see is to believe.5.The injured have been sent to hospital.6.Doing exercise is beneficial to our health.7.What we need is money.名词代词数词不定式名词化的形容词动名词主语从句第二页，讲稿共三十八页哦1.There is going to be an American film tonight.2.Is that what the little dog found?3.Out rushed the students.第三页，讲稿共三十八页哦谓语1、简单谓语：由简单动词或短语动词构成。I bought a toy car for my baby yesterday.2、复合谓语：1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词的适当形式构成。You neednt write down what your teachers say word by word.He has caught a bad cold.第四页，讲稿共三十八页哦2)系动词+表语We are students.The leaves turn yellow in autumn.第五页，讲稿共三十八页哦表语:用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,一般位于系动词之后（be,感官动词feel、look、sound、taste、smell、表示变化类become、grow、get、turn、go，表示保持类keep、stay、remain，以及appear、seem、prove等）1.Lily turned doctor after graduation.2.Money isnt everything.3.The class is over.4.My job is teaching English.5.They must be in the library.名词代词副词动名词介词短语第六页，讲稿共三十八页哦6.The purpose of this activity is to educate people about saving water.7.My hope is that all of you are able to devote yourselves to study and live your dreams.不定式表语从句第七页，讲稿共三十八页哦宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词的后面。1.I received a bunch of red roses on my wedding anniversary.2.Where did you buy that?3.Two plus three makes five.4.They helped the old with their housework yesterday.5.I want to buy a second-hand electric bike.6.I dislike eating tofu.7.He told me(that)he would get married next month.名词代词数词名词化的形容词不定式动名词宾语从句第八页，讲稿共三十八页哦双宾语 tell/buy/show/lend/send/pass/offer,etc.Eg.He lent me some money last year.复合宾语（宾语+宾补）1.I named my son Duoduo.2.New methods make the job easy.3.Please keep the light on.4.I found my wallet in the trash/garbage can.名词形容词副词介词短语第九页，讲稿共三十八页哦5.You should get the work done by tomorrow.6.I saw a rat running towards the kitchen.7.The robber forced the poor man to take out all he had.8.I heard Tom cry in the next room.过去分词现在分词带to的不定式不带to的不定式第十页，讲稿共三十八页哦带to的不定式：ask/tell/want/encourage/advise/require sb to do sth不带to的不定式：5看3让2听1感觉 可带亦可不带 to:helpsee/watch/look at/notice/observelet/make/havelisten to/hearfeel第十一页，讲稿共三十八页哦定语：对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用的表示。定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。若修饰some,any,every,no构成的复合不定代词时，（如：something、nothing）；或不定式、分词短语作定语、从句作定语时，则定语通常置后。副词用作定语时须放在名词之后。1.Jintan is a beautiful city.2.Jintan is a developing city,while Wujin is a developed city.3.lemon/family tree4.a sleeping bag5.a sleeping boy 形容词现在分词过去分词名词动名词现在分词第十二页，讲稿共三十八页哦6.I need two pens.7.His father is a doctor.8.The boy there is my son.9.He is always the first to come and the last to leave.10.I read an article about how to educate students well.数词代词副词不定式介词短语第十三页，讲稿共三十八页哦状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。1.On Sundays,there is no students in the classroom.2.The sun rose,as it always does,in a clear sky.3.The boy needs a drink very much.4.John was late because of the heavy snow.5.His parents died,leaving him an orphan.时间地点方式程度原因结果第十四页，讲稿共三十八页哦6.Although he is young,he knows a lot.7.In order to enter a good university,I must work hard.8.If necessary,you can turn to your teacher for help.9.She came in with a big smile on her face.让步目的条件伴随第十五页，讲稿共三十八页哦同位语：对句子某一成分作进一步解释，说明，与前面的名词在语法上处于同等地位的成分叫同位语。1.Beijing,our capital,is a beautiful city.2.We all like English.3.Word came that the king died.第十六页，讲稿共三十八页哦指出下列划线部分在句子中的成分指出下列划线部分在句子中的成分1.I dont like the picture on the wall.谓语动词谓语动词2.The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.主语主语3.He is interested in music.谓语动词谓语动词4.We made him our monitor.宾补宾补第十七页，讲稿共三十八页哦5.They use Mr,Mrs with the family name.定语定语6.The old man felt very tired.表语表语7.My brother hasnt finished his homework.宾语宾语8.There is an old man coming here.主语主语9.You must pay attention to your pronunciation.宾语宾语第十八页，讲稿共三十八页哦10.The leaves have turned yellow.表语表语11.Can you lend me some money.宾语宾语12.I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.定语定语13.She found it difficult to do the work.补语补语14.The man downstairs was trying to sleep.定语定语第十九页，讲稿共三十八页哦15.To do todays homework without the teachers help is very difficult.主语主语16.She was the first to learn about it.表语表语17.What he said made me unhappy.补语补语18.Soon they all became interested in the subject.表语表语第二十页，讲稿共三十八页哦19.They didnt know who the old man really was.宾语宾语20.Im waiting for the sound of the other shoe.定语定语21.Whether we will go depends on the weather.主语主语22.Peoples standards of living are going up steadily.谓语动词谓语动词第二十一页，讲稿共三十八页哦23.That was how they were defeated.表语表语24.The nurse takes good care of our children.宾语宾语25.We are sure that we will succeed.宾语宾语26.The woman with a baby in her arms is his mother.定语定语第二十二页，讲稿共三十八页哦27.There are many films that Id like to see.定语定语28.Have you met the person about whom he was speaking?定语定语29.I have a lot of work to do.定语定语30.Anyway,I wont stop you from doing it.状语状语第二十三页，讲稿共三十八页哦31.The bus arrived ten minutes late.状语状语32.Some farmers saw something strange in the sky.定语定语33.We think it necessery that everyone should attend the meeting.宾语宾语34.Its strange that she doesnt come today.主语主语35.He likes drawing at times when he isnt working.状语状语第二十四页，讲稿共三十八页哦基本句型第二十五页，讲稿共三十八页哦1.S+Vi2.S+Vt+O3.S+Link-V+P4.S+Vt+o+O5.S+Vt+O+OC第二十六页，讲稿共三十八页哦1.S+Vi1)She never lies.2)The fire happened last night.3)The sun was rising 第二十七页，讲稿共三十八页哦2.S+Vt+O1)I like taking risks.2)I bought a book yesterday.3)He refused to tell me the truth.第二十八页，讲稿共三十八页哦3.S+Link-V+P1)He became an explorer in his thirties.2)My parents are both farmers.3)Much remains to be done.第二十九页，讲稿共三十八页哦4.S+Vt+o+O1)Could you show me your ticket?2)He told me that he was in Class 8.第三十页，讲稿共三十八页哦5.S+Vt+O+OC1)I found a student cheating in the exam.2)What he said made the lady happy.第三十一页，讲稿共三十八页哦并列句：常用的并列连词有：and,or,but,while(然而),or else(否则),so(表因果关系)，etc.1.Work hard and you will succeed.2.He is a good teacher,but he has taught me nothing.第三十二页，讲稿共三十八页哦复合句定语从句名词性从句状语从句第三十三页，讲稿共三十八页哦1.Class 8 are one whose students are fond of study.2.What you will achieve is to make me proud of you.3.I will apprepriate it if you are fully absorbed in study.4.My hope is that all of you can be admitted to/into key universities.第三十四页，讲稿共三十八页哦5.My hope that all of you can be admitted into/to key universities will come true.6.The moment I enter your classroom,I firmly believe that you are easy to get along with.第三十五页，讲稿共三十八页哦指出下列划线部分在句子中的成分指出下列划线部分在句子中的成分1.The students got on the school bus.2.2.He handed me the newspaper.3.3.I shall answer your question after class.4.4.What a beautiful Chinese painting!5.5.They went hunting together early in the morning.6.6.His job is to train swimmers.7.7.He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.主语主语定语定语宾语宾语谓语谓语状语状语定语定语定语定语状语状语状语状语定语定语表语表语宾语宾语状语状语第三十六页，讲稿共三十八页哦8.There is going to be an American film tonight.9.He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.10.His wish is to become a scientist.11.He managed to finish the work in time.12.Tom came to ask me for advice.13.He found it important to master English.14.Do you have anything else to say?谓语谓语主语主语谓语谓语主语主语表语表语谓语谓语宾语宾语状语状语形宾形宾宾补宾补宾语宾语定语定语第三十七页，讲稿共三十八页哦感感谢谢大大家家观观看看第三十八页，讲稿共三十八页哦