冀教版初中英语八年级上册宾语从句讲解 练习（一）.docx

宾语从句讲解练习一、宾语从句概念：置于动词、介词等词性后面，在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。宾语从句过"三关"：时态，语序，连词。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序，谓语动词、介词、动词不定式，v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句，有些形容词(afraid，sure，glad等)之后也可以带宾语从句。二、宾语从句中引导词的用法在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有：连词：that (that 常可省略),whether, if代词：who, whose, what ,which副词：when ,where, how, why 等。(一)that引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略)可跟that从句做宾语的动词有：say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。例句：The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.注意事项：当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。例句：I dont think it is right for him to treat you like that.在以下情况中that不能省略1、当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。例句：He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.2、当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。例句：I cant tell him that his mother died.注意事项：许多带复合宾语的句子，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部，而用it作形式宾语。例句：I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.(二)由whether,if 引导的宾语从句由whether(if)引导的宾语从句，意思是“是否”。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。一般说来，在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用，但在特殊情况下if与whether是不能互换的。例句：I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party.只能用whether，不能用if引导的宾语从句1、在带to的不定式前例句：We decided whether to walk there.2、在介词的后面例句：Im thinking of whether we should go to see the film.3、在动词后面的宾语从句时例句：We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week.4、直接与or not连用时例句：I cant say whether or not they can come on time.只能用if不能用whether引导的宾语从句1、if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”例句：The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.2、if引导否定概念的宾语从句时例句：He asked if I didnt come to school yesterday.(三)连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动词常常是：see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise等。英语中的连接代词有：who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。例句：Can you tell me whom you are waiting for?英语中的连接副词有：when,where,why,how，在句中担任状语的成分。例句：None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.三、宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序即：连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。例句：Could you tell me when the train will leave?四、宾语从句的时态1、主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。（主现从任意)例句：The headmaster hopes everything goes well.I know he lived here ten years ago.2、 主句是过去时态，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。（主过从过去相应的某个时态）例句：She was sorry that she hadnt finished her work on time.3、当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。：The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.五、宾语从句的特点1、宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词及形容词的宾语。2、宾语从句的语序一律用陈述句语序。3、连接词that引导宾语从句在句中无词义，不充当句子成份，多数情况下可以省略。4、whether 和 if 都可引导宾语从句，但 whether后可紧跟or not;whether从句可作介词的宾语。5、如果从句太长，可以用形式宾语it。宾语从句小口诀：宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。练习1.Could you tell me _?A. where do you live B. who you are waiting forC. who were you waiting for D. where you live in2. Do you still remember _?A. that he said B. what he said C. did he say that D. what did he say3.I cant understand _the boy alone.A. why she left B. why did she leave C. why she had left D. why had she left4.She told me the sun _ in the east.A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen5.-We dont know _.-It is said that he was born in Sweden.A. what he is B. if he lives here C. where he comes from D. which country is he from6. The doctor asked me how long _ .A. was I ill B. have I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill7.The weather forecast doesnt say _.A. if it rains tomorrow B. if does it rain tomorrowC. if it will rain tomorrow D. if will it rain tomorrow8.He asked me _ I could sing the song "My Heart will Go On."A. if B. weather C.what D. that9.I am sure _ you said is true.A. what B. that C. which D. who