2022届河南省实验中学高三上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）(1).docx

2022届河南省实验中学高三上学期期中考试英语试题（时间：120分钟，满分：150分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1 .What is （he man offering to do for the woman?A. Help her check in. B. Carry her suitcases. C. Take her to her room.2 What does the woman think of the man's office?A. It is messy.B. It is large.C. It is neat.3 . Why does the man look different now according to himself?A. He had a haircut B. He got older. C. He lost weight.4 . Who will buy the tickets for the concert?A. Sandy.B. The man.C. Sandy's brother.5 . Who might （he woman be talking with?A. A policemanB. A repairman.C. A parking lot attendant.第二节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后， 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6 .Where does the woman want to go?A. lb her home.B. To a stadium. C. To a restaurant.7 .How does the man feel about his work?A. Relaxed.B. WorriedC. Uninterested.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8 .What is the presentation mainly about?A. The causes of climate change.C. They don,t like the new map of the brain.D. They think it is a milestone in neuroscience.14. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. The new map included 97 unfamiliar areas of the brain.B. The new map used previous data to study (he brain circuitry.C. Participants! brains were monitored when they were telling stories.D. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is a small ares which is crucial for thinking.15. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The responsibility of the brain circuitiyMixed opinions on the new map of the brain.B. A study on an incredible new map of the brain.C. The understanding of the familiar areas of (he brain.【答案】12.C13.A14. A 15. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。研究人员刚刚发布了一幅令人难以置信的大脑新地图，揭示了近100个以前未 被发现或被遗忘的新区域。文章介绍了研究开展的过程、发现以及人们对此的看法。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中 u Researchers have just released an incredible new map of the brain, revealing nearly 100 new areas that were previously undiscovered or forgotten. Many experts are calling this a milestone in neuroscience according to the New York Times." nJ »研究人员刚刚发布了 幅令人难以置信的大脑新地图， 揭示了近100个以前未被发现或被遗忘的新区域。据纽约时报报道，许多专家称这是神经科学的一个 里程碑，且however表示转折，说明现在的情况比以前要复杂得多了。故intricate意思是“复杂的”。A. amazing令人惊异的;B. tricky狡猾的;C. complicated复杂的;D. difficult困难的。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"While experts are lauding the new map, it's far from complete, say the researchers who created il.(尽管专家们对这幅新地图赞不绝口，但绘制它的研究人员表示，它还远远不够完整)”可知， 研究人员认为新的大脑图谱仍然不完整。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中"With all those variables in hand, researchers eventually created a map that included 83 already familiar areas of (he brain, plus an additional 97 regions that were either previously undiscovered, or somehow forgotten and lost in scientific literature along the way.(在掌握了所有这些变量后，研究人员最终绘 制出了一张地图，其中包括83个已经熟悉的大脑区域，以及另外97个以前没有被发现或在科学文献中被遗 忘或丢失的区域）”可知，A选项“新地图包括了 97个不熟悉的大脑区域”正确。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段中 “Researchers have just released an incredible new map of the brain, revealing nearly 100 new areas that were previously undiscovered or forgotten. Many experts are calling this a milestone in neuroscience according to the New York Times.（研究人员刚刚发布了一幅令人难以置信的大脑新地图，揭示了 近100个以前未被发现或被遗忘的新区域。据纽约时报报道，许多专家称这是神经科学的个里程碑）” 结合文章介绍了研究开展的过程、发现以及人们对此的看法。可知，这篇文章的主旨是对一幅令人难以置 信的大脑新地图的研究。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。Happy people have habits you can introduce into your everyday life. Here are some of them. They surround themselves with other happy people.Joy can spread. Researchers of the Framingham Heart Study who studied the spread of happiness over 20 years found that those who are surrounded by happy people are more likely to become happy in the future. 16They try to be happy.Yes. Ifs as simple as it sounds. 17 According to two studies recently published in The Journal of Positive Psychology, those who actively tried to feel happier in the studies reported the highest level of positive moods（心情）,making a case for thinking yourself happy.They are mindful of the good18 However, happy people give attention to their smaller victories, too. "When we take time to notice the things that go right, it means we're getting a lot of little rewards throughout the day,“ says Susan Weinschenk, a Ph.D.in Psychology.They devote some of their time to giving.Even though there are only 24 hours in a day, positive people fill some of that time doing good for others, which, in return, does some good for the do-gooders themselves. A long-term research project called Amcricans, Changing Lires found a series of benefits associated with altruism（利他主义）.19 People of all ages who volunteeredwere happier and experienced better physical health and less depression.2（）“When you listen, you open up your ability to take in more knowledge,writes David Mezzapelle, author ofContagious Optimism. Good listening is a skill that strengthens relationships and leads to more satisfying experiences. A good listener may walk away from a conversation feeling as if their presence served a purpose, which is closely connected with increased happiness.A. They make a point to listen.B. They smile when they mean it.C Just irying to be happy can lift your spirits.D. Volunteer work was good for both mental and physical health.E. This is reason enough to spend more time with cheerful people.F. It's important to celebrate great hard earned accomplishments.G. Happy people take the time to appreciate these easy-to-come-by pleasures.【答案】16. E 17. C 18. F 19. D 20. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了快乐的人的特点，和他们为人处事的态度。【16题详解】根据上句 w.found that those who are surrounded by happy people are more likely to become happy in the future. "（发现那些周围都是快乐的人的人更有可能在未来变得快乐），可知这是花更多的时间与快乐的人 在一起的原因。E 项：This is reason enough to spend more time with cheerful people.（这是足够的 理由花更多的时间与快乐的人在一起）承接上句，衔接自然。故选E项【17题详解】根据上句“Yes. It's as simple as i（ sounds. "（是。就像听起来一样简单），以及下句"According to two studies recently published in The Journal of Positive Psychology, those who actively tried to feel h叩pier in the studies reported the highest level of positive moods”（根据最近发表在积极心 理学杂志上的两项研究，那些积极尝试让自己更快乐的人，其积极情绪水平最高）可知，空处建议我们要 努力让自己快乐。C项：Just trying to be happy can lift your spirits.（要努力让自己快乐就能让你精 神振奋）符合题意，承接上句且和本段小标题“They try to be happy.M （他们努力让自己快乐）呼应。 故选C项。【18题详解】根据后句“However, happy people give attention to their smaller victories, too. 0 （然而，快乐的人也会关注他 们的小胜利）中的"however”可知上句和此句为转折关系，F项：Its important to celebrate great hard earned accomplishments.（庆祝来之不易的成就是很重要的）合乎题意，选项中的great对应下文的smaller。 故选F项。【19题详解】根据后句 apeople who of all ages who volunteered were happier and experienced better physical health and less depressionM （各个年龄段的志愿者都更快乐，身体更健康，抑郁也更少）可知，上句应 讲述志愿工作对身心健康都有好处。其中"volunteer”和D项：Volunteer work was good for both mental and physical health.（志愿工作对身心健康都有好处）相对应。故选D项。【20题详解】此处为小标题，应和文章的小标题形式上对应，根据下句"When you listen, you open up your ability to take in more knowledge"（当你倾听的时候，你会打开自己的能力去获取更多的知识）可知，本段主 要陈述说倾听的好处，A项“他们注意倾听”可以作为小标题。故选A项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。'Tm going to tell you a story,v 1 tell my class of high school seniors. "It's a talc about love. And heart-break. And embarrassment.Their eyes widen. I 21 my throat. 44In sixth grade,n I begin, UI fell madly in love. His name was David. He was tall, 22, kind of a bad boywhich I found fascinating. Unfortunately he had no interest in me at all.So it was Valentine's Day. That day as I spilled my Valentine cards onto my desk, and among many small23,1 saw an enormous one, decorated beautifully. My mind 24:4Who could it be from? Withtrembling hands, I 25 open the envelope and out fell an image of a queen, the heading of which 26.4To a Queen of a Valentine.I give the class a 27 look. "I turned the valentine（情人卡）over, and at the bottom I saw the28 and almost fainted: David. Then my eyes 29 up to the writing above his signature. It said, *To the Ugliest Girl in Our Class.'"“Well, it 30 Valentine's Day fbr me. It shook what little 31 I had in myself for a long （ime after. But I 32. And now I refuse to give up this holiday of love to the meanness of one 33 boy." Ismile. "And that's why we're going to have a party. A party that 34 kindness instead of cruelty.Their eyes 35. They are willing to let me take them 36 I am going. I hand out some paper sothey can make cards. <4Now please write something positive and sincere to everyone in the class. Even if it's someone you 37 know, therealways something nice to say.All these years, Tve made it a routine in each of my class. After 20 years of teaching, I 38 few hopes that students will 39 all of the grammar or vocabulary I taught them. But if all a student 40of oneof my classes are the valentines they received one long-ago February, to me that makes it all worthwhile.21. A. cleanedB. clearedC. calculateD.command22. A. cute23. A. cards24. A. stopped25. A. tore26. A. read27. A. excited28. A. image29. A. ran30. A. made31. A. love32. A. stood33. A. rotten34. A. remains35. A. go up36. A. whether37. A. barely38. A. accept39. A. repeat40. A. informs【答案】21. B22. AB. meanB. pocketsB. racedB. spilledB. wroteB. meaningfulB. coverB. floatedB. ruinedB. faithB. survivedB. smartB. receivesB. narrow upB. howeverB. likelyB. enjoyB. remindB. favors23. D 24. B25. AC. worthyC. notesC. jumpedC. scratchedC. sangC. shyC. envelopeC. traveledC. lightedC. friendshipC. witnessedC. imaginativeC. celebratesC. close upC. wheneverC. nearlyC. harborC. remainC. recalls26. A 27. BD.D.D.D.D.I).D.D.D.D.D.D.D.I).D.D.D.D.D.28. Dgenerous envelopes thought intended decorated embarrassing signature removed became kindness upgraded permanent congratulates light up wherevernarrowly welcome rememberengages29. C 30. B31.B 32. B 33. A34. C 35. D36. D37. A 38. C39. D40. C【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在读书时代的情人节受到坏同学的讽刺,但她克服心理障碍,拒绝因为一个卑鄙而令人讨厌的男生而放弃这个爱的节口。工作后，她组织自己的学生给同学送情人节卡片,她用自己的经历和行为去引导自己的学生，并希望他们记住老师的教导。21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我清了清嗓子。A. cleaned清洁,清理；B. cleared清理,清除；C. calculate it®D. command命令。clear one's throat是固定短语,意为“清嗓子”，作者清清嗓子，准备讲故事。故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他高高个，很可爱，有点坏，我觉得很有意思。A. cute可爱的；B. mean吝啬 的:C. worthy 值得尊敬的；D. generous 慷慨的。根据上文 “I fell madly in love.” 和下文“which I found fascinating.”可推知，作者为之着迷的男孩一定是很可爱的。故选A项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天，当我把情人节贺卡撒在书桌上时，在许多小信封中间，我看到了一个大 的，装饰得很漂亮。A. cards 卡片；B. pockets 口袋;C. notes 笔记；D. envelopes 信封。根据下文“With trembling hands, I 5 open the envelopen可知，引起作者注意的是一个大大的信封。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的脑子飞速运转：会是谁送的？。A. stopped停止；B. raced快速运转，比赛； C. jumped跳;D. thought思考。根据下文“Who could ii be from?”可知,作者在想谁送的卡片,脑子飞速 运转(race)。故选B项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的手颤抖着撕开信封，里面掉出一个女王的画像，上面写着：“给情人节的 女王。" 。A. tore 撕；B. spilled 洒出；C. scratched 抓；D. intended 打算。根据下文 “open the envelope and out fell an image of a queen,M可知，作者撕开了信封。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的手颤抖着撕开信封，里面掉出一个女王的画像，上面写着：”给情人节的 女王。A. read 有 的字样，写着；B. wrote 写：C. sang 唱；D. decorated 装饰。根据 "the heading” 和“To a Queen of a Valentine.”可知,贺卡上面写着(read)“给情人节的女王”。故选A项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我给全班一个意味深长的眼神。A. excited激动的；B. meaningful有意义的； C shy害羞的；D. embarrassing令人尴尬的。结合常识和卡片上写的“给情人节的女王”可知，这张卡片明 显是恶作剧，作者不知道是谁所为，所以意味深长地扫视了全班同学，想知道到底是谁干的。故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把情人卡翻过来，在底部看到了签名：大卫，我差点晕过去。A. image图片； B. cover封面;C. envelope信封;D. signature签名。根据句中“David”可知,作者看到了送卡片人的签名。 故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我的目光移向他签名上方的文字。A. ran跑；B. floated漂浮；C. traveled移 动，旅行;D. removed移开。根据“the writing above his signaturev可知，作者的目光移到了签名上方的文 字。故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:这毁了我的情人节。A. made制作；B. ruined毁坏，破坏；C. lighted点燃；D. became 变成。根据上文“To iheUgliesi Girl in Our Class.”可知，作者受到自己喜欢的男孩的奚落，当然她的情人 节被毁了。故选B项。31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在此后很长一段时间里，它动摇了我对自己仅有的一点信心。A. love爱；B. faith 信心；C. friendship友谊；D. kindness友好。根据上文可知，在情人节那天，作者被自己喜欢的男孩称作“我 们班最丑的女孩”，所以她的自信心(faith)深受打击。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我挺了过来。A. stood站；B. survived挺过，幸存：C. witnessed目击；D. upgraded 升级。根据转折连词 But 和下文“I refuse to give up this holiday of love to the meanness of one 14 boy ” 可知，尽管作者自信心深受打击，但她还是坚强地挺了过来。故选B项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我拒绝因为一个卑鄙的令人讨厌的男生而放弃这个爱的节日。A. rotten 令人不快的,腐烂的;B. smart聪明的;C. imaginative想象的;D. permanent永恒的。根据上文可知，David 讽刺自己的同学，是一个令人讨厌的人。故选A项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个庆祝善良而不是残酷的派对。A. remains保持；B. receives收到；C. celebrates 庆祝：D. congratulates祝贺。根据party可知是要去庆祝(celebrate)。故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:他们的眼睛发亮。A. go up上升;B. narrow up变窄；C. close up关闭;D. light up点亮。结合常识和上文可知，作者要带孩子们举办聚会，孩子们当然很高兴，兴奋得眼睛发亮。故选D 项。【36题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：他们愿意让我带他们去任何地方。A. whether是否；B. however无论如何：C. whenever不论何时；D. wherever无论在哪里。根据句中“lake them 16 lam going ”可知，孩子们愿意 跟我去任何我去的地方。故选D项。【37题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：即使是你几乎不认识的人，也总有一些好话可以说。A. barely几乎不；B. likely 可能发生；C. nearly几乎；D. narrowly勉强。作者要求同学们给班上每一个同学写一些积极的东西，即使 是不认识的人，副词barely表示否定。故选A项。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过2()年的教学，我对学生能记住我教给他们的所有语法或词汇不怀有太大希 望。A. accepl接受；B. enjoy享受；C. harbor怀有；D. welcome欢迎。根据句中few hopes可推知，作者不 报有(harbor)希望。故选C项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过20年的教学，我对学生能记住我教给他们的所有语法或词汇不怀有太大希 望0 A. repeat 重复；B. remind 提醒；C. remain 保持；D. remember 记得。根据 “all of the grammar or vocabulary I taught them"可推知，作者对学生记住她教的内容不怀希望。故选D项。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，如果学生只是回忆起很久以前的2月他们收到的情人节卡片，那么对我 来说，这一切都是值得的。A. informs通知；B. favors支持；C. recalls记起、回忆；D. engages参加。根据 卜,文 “one of my classes are the valentines they received one long-ago February” 可知，作者希望学生们回忆(recall)起 读书时代老师让他们送情人节卡片一事。故选C项。第n卷(非选择题，共50分)第二节语法填空：(共10小题；每题分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(I个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Yuan Longping, China's "father of hybrid rice" and highly 41 (praise) for his contributions to the country's food 42 (secure), died on Saturday. He was 91 years old.Born in Beijing in September 1930. Yuan 43 (begin) his career as an agrarian(土t也的)researcher during the 1950s. He often said in interviews that he 44 (drive) to increase rice output in China because of the hunger he had witnessed. "'My lifetime pursuit is to ensure all people stay away from hunger,” he once said.In 1964, Yuan theorized that a malc-stcrile(雄性彳：育的)grain could be crossed with other plants to increase production. 45、it was not until 1973 that he cultivated (he first hybrid rice thanks to the46(discover) of a wild rice species 47 made the breakthrough possible. Mass cultivalion(种植)ofthe crop began in 1976 and proved key to China's ability 48(feed) one-fifth of the world's population49 just 9 per cent of its arable(可耕种的)land.In 1995, he produced a two-line hybrid rice and was tasked by the government to improve production still50(far). He later developed a single-line hybrid rice. Yuan was awarded the World Food Prize in 2004, fbr pioneering research in his contributions to the fight against food deficiency(制七乏).【答案】41. praisedsecurity42. began 44. was drivenHowever45. discoverythat#which46. to feedwith 50. Further