专题24 非谓语动词-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(练)(含答案解析).docx
2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测第24讲非谓语动词练1 .单句语法填空(2021 全国高三)In the job interviews, some applicants often find themselves(ask) unexpected questions, some very difficult to answer.【答案】asked【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:在面试当中,一些申请人常常发现他们自己被问一些没有预料到的问题, 一些问题很难回答。分析可知空格处是宾补,ask与themselves构成被动关系。故填asked。1. (2021全国高三)John had an accident and found the car (break).【答案】broken【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:约翰出了车祸,发现汽车坏了。本句中使用了 find+宾语+宾补结构,设 空处作宾补,这里的宾补可以用现在分词、过去分词、形容词或介词短语充当,其中过去分词形式表示被 动、完成,car与break在逻辑上是被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填broken。2. (2021全国高三)He got his tooth (pull) out last Sunday.【答案】pulled【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:他上星期天把牙齿拔掉了。分析句子可知,使用句型getsth.done,意为“使 某事被做“,his tooth和pull之间是被动关系,用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填pulled。3. (2021 全国高三专题练习)I hear her(practice) oral English every morning.【答案】practicing【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我听到她每天早上练习英语口语。此处为hear sb. doing sth.结构,应用现 在分词作宾补。her与practice为主动关系。故填practicing。5(2021 全国高三)She wants her paintings(display) in the gallery,but we don*t think they would be very popular.【答案】displayed【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:她想让她的画在画廊展出,但我们认为它们不会很受欢迎。want+宾语+ 宾补,设空处作宾补,需填入非谓语动词形式,动词display与her paintings存在被动关系,过去分词形式 可以表示被动,故填displayedo6. (2021 全国高三)At that moment, I saw him(cross) the street.【答案】crossing年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子,make所处的分句中无主语,故此处需用非谓语动词。makeuseof和逻辑 主语they之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式(doing)形式做状语。故填making。11. (2020新课标 II 卷语法填空)They represent the earth 63. (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.【答案】coming【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent, 所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系,所以动名词的复合结构。故填comingo(2020山东新高考语法填空)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves (they) living at a different time in history or 43. (walk)through a rainforest.【答案】walking【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品,游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏,想象自己生活在一个不同的 历史时期,或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分,共同做imagine的宾补,imagine sb doing sth. “想象某人做某事工 故填walking。12. (2019 全国 I 卷)Modem methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive(perform) consistently over a large area.【答案】to perform【解析】考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后,常用不定式作原因或目的状语,句意:跟踪北极熊的现代方 法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用,并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的,故此处用to performo(2019 全国 HI 卷)On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn*t help wondering how long it would take(get)there.【答案】to get【解析】考查不定式。句中的would提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子,wondering后的句子不缺谓语,此 处应填非谓语动词,故填t。get。13. (2019"匕京卷)Nervously (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself【答案】facing【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:紧张地面对挑战,我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己分 析句式可知,此处是做句子的状语,要用非谓语动词,其逻辑主语是I,与逻辑主语之间是主动关系,用现 在分词作状语。故填facingo(2019 全国 n 卷)When we got a call(say)she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke.【答案】saying【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知,此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语,解释 名词call的内容,call与say是主动关系,故填saying。14. (2019 全国 III 卷) On the last day of our week-long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.【答案】listening【解析】考查分词。本句谓语动词为“were invited",所以70题空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听 音乐这个动作是由we发出的,所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题, and 后 meeting interesting locals 为分词形式,故空格处填 listening。15. (2019 浙江高考)When the children are walking or(cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can easily see them.【答案】cycling【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时,汽车司机很容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分,根据or前的walking可知,此处要用cycling。故填cycling。16. (2019 全国 I 卷)Scientists have responded by (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉)that populations are higher than they actually are.【答案】noting【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知,此处用动名词主动形式,故填noting。17. (2019 全国 n 卷)A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for(be)Britain*s oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week.【答案】being【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知,此处用动名词形式作宾语,故填being。II.单句改错(2020新课标 I 卷短文改错)My mom told me how to preparing it【答案】 preparing 改为prepare o【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我妈妈告诉我如何准备这道菜。分析句子可知,“how+不定式”作told的 宾语,to是不定式符号,后应接动词原形,故将preparing改为pr叩are。1. (2020新课标 I 卷短文改错)I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and T thought it must to be easy to cook.【答案】frying改为fried【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词fry与tomatoes之间是动宾关系,所以此处 应用过去分词作定语,故将frying改为fried。2. (2019 全 国 III 卷) Now my dream is to opens a cafe.【答案】opens改为open【解析】考查不定式的用法。不定式做表语,t。后用动词原形。故把opens改为open。3. (2019 全国 I 卷)All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.【答案】say改为saying【解析】考查现在分词。本句句意:操场上所有的足球运动员大声欢呼,说我有足球天赋。句中谓语动词 为cheered, say在这里作伴随状语。与主语players是主动关系,故将say改为saying。4. (2018浙江高考)Move into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience.【答案】Move- Moving【解析】根据句子的结构,此处Move into a new home in a new neighborhood部分作主语,而动词短语不能直接作主语,故将Move改为Movingo(2018全国卷 II )When being combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”.【答案】去掉being【解析】因为逻辑主语frozen bananas与combine之间是被动关系,故状语从句省略后用过去分词combined; combine在句中逻辑主语与其并非主动关系,且无动作正在进行之意,所以省略句中不用现在分词,更无需 其现在分词的被动式。故可知应删去being。5. (2018全国卷111月丫。丫0代 was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.【答案】wait一 waiting【解析】 主语Everyone与wait之间为主动关系,故用现在分词作状语,因此将wait改成waitingo(2018全国卷 H )When being combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”.【答案】去掉being【解析】因为逻辑主语frozen bananas与combine之间是被动关系,故状语从句省略后用过去分词combined;combine在句中逻辑主语与其并非主动关系,且无动作正在进行之意,所以省略句中不用现在分词,更无需其现在分词的被动式。故可知应删去being。6. (2018江苏高考)With a new farm bill debating in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers.答案debating- to be debated【解析】分析句子的结构,此处为“with +名词+不定式”的复合结构。分析句意,指法案将在国会进行辩论, bill与debate之间存在着被动关系,故用不定式的被动式。【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:就在那时,我看见他正在过马路。此处为see sb.doing sth.,现在分词作 宾补。him与cross在逻辑上是主动关系。故填crossing。7. (2021全国高三专题练习)Our manager left the problem (unsettle).【答案】unsettled【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们经理没有解决这个问题。句中宾语the problem与unsettle之间为被 动关系,所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。根据句意,故填unsettled。8. .(2021 全国高三)With everything well(arrange), he left the office.【答案】arranged【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:一切都安排妥当,他就离开了办公室。此处为“with+宾语+宾补”结构,arrange 与everything构成被动关系,故用过去分词作宾补。故填arranged。9. (2021 全国高三)It is not possible to(infection) another person through kissing.【答案】infect【解析】考查t。do不定式。句意:通过接吻感染他人是不可能的。"itbe+adj+todo”意为"做某事是.的”, 为固定句式,此处用it作形式主语,to do不定式为真正的主语。动词infect意为“感染工 故填infect。10. (2021 全国高三) When I was on my way to school this morning, I saw two women(argue).【答案】arguing【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:今天早上我在上学路上看到了两位女士在争论。分析可知空格处缺少宾 补。此处考查短语see sb. doing sth.(看见某人做某事),其中现在分词doing是sb.的补语,表主动和进行, 故填 arguingo(2022全国高三)(take) everything into consideration, the result is better than expected.【答案】Taking【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:把一切都考虑在内,结果比预料的好。逗号之前是非谓语作状语,暗含 的主语 you 和 take 是主动关系,用现在分词。taking everything into consideration = considering everything = given everything,意为“把一切考虑在内”,这是固定结构,不受主语的限制,首字母大写,故填Taking。11. (2021 全国高三)I got the story(write) in English.【答案】written【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我用英语写了这个故事。此处为get sth. done结构,story与write构成被 动关系,故用过去分词作宾补。故填written。12. (2022全国高三) (judge) from his accent, he must be from the south.【答案】Judging【解析】考查现在分词作状语。句意:从口音判断,他肯定来自南方。此处考查固定表达judging from“从判断”,该结构通常当作固定搭配来用,放在句首作状语,首字母大写。故填Judging。13. (2022全国高三)(see) nobody at home, he decided to leave them a note.【答案】Seeing【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:看见没有在家,他决定给他们留张纸条。分析句子可知,此处是非谓语 动词作状语,see和he之间是逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词作状语,又由于在句首,首字母要大写。 故填 Seeing o(2022全国高三) Having(spend) all his money, the boy had to give his mother a call.【答案】spent【解析】考查现在分词的完成式。句意:已经花光了所有钱,这个男孩不得不给妈妈打电话。分析句子可 知,此处是非谓语动词作状语,spend和the boy之间是逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词作状语,又“花费” 的动作发生在“不得不打电话之前”,故用现在分词的完成式形式having done,故填spent。14. (2022全国高三)Tom came(dash) into the room with some film tickets in his hand.【答案】dashing【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:汤姆来了,手里拿着一些电影票冲进屋里。分析句子可知,此处是非谓 语动词作状语,dash和Tom之间是逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词作方式状语,故填dashing。15. (2022全国高三)Having(work) for three hours, he took a rest.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】worked【解析】考查现在分词的完成式。句意:已经工作了 3个小时,他休息了。分析句子可知,此处是非谓语 动词作状语,work和he之间是逻辑上的主动关系,用现在分词形式,又因非谓语动词的动作发生在谓语动 作之前,用现在分词的完成式形式having done,故填worked。16. (2021 全国高三)Frightened by the tiger, the girl didn't dare(sleep) alone.【答案】to sleep【解析】考查固定短语。句意:由于害怕老虎,这女孩不敢单独睡觉。结合句意表示“敢做某事”可知短语为 dare to do sth.。故填 to sleepo(2021 全国高三)Seeing the toy, she couldn't resist(reach) out to touch it.【答案】reaching【解析】考查动名词。句意:看到玩具,她情不自禁地伸手去碰。根据couldnl resist doing (忍不住做某事) 可知,空格处填reachingo(2021 全国高三)To be honest, he is too stubborn for you(persuade) him to go with us.【答案】to persuade【解析】考查固定短语。句意:老实说,他太固执了,你说服不了他和我们一起去。根据句意可知,句中 涉及固定短语“tooto”,意为“太而不能为不定式作结果状语,"persuade”意为“说服”,动词 词性,不定式符号“to”后接动词原形。故填to persuadeo(2021 全国高三)My grandfather seems to have a lot(worry) about.【答案】to worry【解析】考查非谓语。句意:我祖父似乎有很多事要担心。分析句子可知,句中已有一个谓语动词,且此 处没有连接词,因此需使用非谓语,此处应用不定式作后置定语。故填t。worry。17. (2021 全国 高三)They persuaded him(change) his mind.【答案】to change【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:他们说服他改变了主意。persuade sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事,固定搭配, 所以空处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to changeo(2021 全国 高三)The man failed(persuade) his wife to go with him.【答案】to persuade【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:那人没能说服他的妻子和他一起去。fail to do sth.未能做某事,固定搭配, 所以空处需用动词不定式作宾语。故填to persuade。18. (2021 全国高三)In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was bom, there were 66 novels(publish) in Britain.【答案】published【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:1812年,查尔斯狄更斯出生的那一年,英国出版了 66部小说。名词novels 与publish之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作定语。根据句意,故填published。19. .(2021 全国高三)He admitted(steal) the money at last.【答案】having stolen【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:他最后承认偷了钱。分析句子可知,句中涉及固定短语“admit doing sth二 意为“承认做某事”,“admit”后接动名词作宾语,句中“steal”的动作发生在“admit”的动作之前,故应用动名词 的完成式“having done",“steal"的过去分词为“stolen”。故填 having stolenon .单项选择(2020江力;卷)Technological innovations,good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.A. combined with B. combining with C. having combined withD. to be combined with【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合,将促进这些产品的销售。此处是短语:be combined with"与结合/联合”,本句中省略be动词,使用过去分词做状语。故选A。1. (2020-(天津卷)英语笔试(第一次)in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.A. Having completedB. Being completedC. CompletedD. Completing【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:1931年完工的帝国大厦是1954年之前最高的摩天大楼,它激发了全世界 的想象力。句中谓语动词是inspired,此处用非谓语动词。主语the Empire State Building和动词complete是 被动关系,用过去分词作状语。A项是现在分词的完成式,不表被动。B项是doing的被动式。故选C。2. (2020-(天津卷)英语笔试(第一次)The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection economic growth.A. to be promoted B. being promotedC. promoting D. to promote【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:地方政府不必为了促进经济增长而牺牲环境保护。通过分析句子成分并 翻译语境可知,句中存在谓语doesrft have to sacrifice,空中需使用非谓语动词且表示目的性关系,因此使用 动词不定式形式。故选D项。3. (2020-(天津卷)英语笔试(第二次)us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.A. To helpB. HelpedC. HelpingD. Being helped【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了帮助我们准备考试,老师建议通读我们的笔记。分析句子结构可知, 老师建议我们诵读笔记是”为了“帮助我们准备考试。故表目的,应用动词不定式。故选A。4. (2020(天津卷)英语笔试(第一次)The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection economic growth.A. to be promoted B. being promotedC. promoting D. to promote【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:地方政府不必为了促进经济增长而牺牲环境保护。通过分析句子成分并 翻译语境可知,句中存在谓语doesn't have to sacrifice,空中需使用非谓语动词且表示目的性关系,因此使用 动词不定式形式。故选D项。5. (2020-(天津卷)英语笔试(第二次)us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.A. To helpB. HelpedC. HelpingD. Being helped【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了帮助我们准备考试,老师建议通读我们的笔记。分析句子结构可知, 老师建议我们诵读笔记是”为了“帮助我们准备考试。故表目的,应用动词不定式。故选A。6. (2019天津卷)to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future.A. LearnB. LearnedC. LearningD. Having learned【答案】C【解析】考查动名词。句意:学会批判性思维是当代小孩未来所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主语成分,而 过去分词、动词都不可以做主语。此处用动名词做主语,故选C。7. (2019江苏卷) China's image is improving steadily, with more countries its role in internationalaffairs.A. recognizingB. being recognizedC. to be recognizedD. recognized【答案】A【解析】考查with复合结构。句意:中国的形象正在稳步提升,更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作 用。“更多的国家''和“认识”之间是主动关系,用with+名词+现在分词结构,故选A。8. (2019江苏卷)the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.A. To enjoyB. EnjoyingC. To have enjoyed D. Enjoy【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作目的状语。句意:为了享受数字支付的方便,很多老年市民开 始使用智能手机。故选A。9. 1.【2018W匕京6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together a meal,admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. share B. to share C. having shared D. shared【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:在中秋节期间,家人们通常会聚在一起吃饭,赏月,品尝月饼。gather 是谓语动词,"a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes”是状语,家人聚在一起的目的是吃饭, 赏月,品尝月饼,表目的用动词不定式,故B选项正确。10. 1 2018天津12. I didn't mean anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn'thelp it.A. to eat; to tryB. eating; tryingC. eating; to tryD. to eat; trying【答案】D【解析】考查短语固定搭配。句意:我不打算吃任何东西,但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要 试一试。固定短语短语mean to do (打算做),couldn't help doing忍不住做。故选D。点睛:本题考查动词短语固定搭配。同学在平时学习中要多把握动词不同搭配的不同含义,本题需要区分 “mean to do 打算做“与“mean doing 意味着做"和"can't help to do sth.不能帮助做“与"couldn't help doing 忍不住 做”之间的含义。12.12018J匕京10. Ordinary soap,correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. used B. to use C. using D. use【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:如果正确使用的话,普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively 是主句,correctly 是条件状语,修饰 ordinary soap, ordinary soap 和 use 之间是被动关系,故要用过去分词,A选项正确。13.【2018天津】7.1 need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs.A. takingB. takenC. being takenD. take【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我需要一个新护照,所以我将不得不拍照片。本题考查非谓语动词作宾 语补足语,宾语my photograph与补足语之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作宾语补足语。C项表示正在进行。 故选Bo14.12018江苏】26. Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period,the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.A. having exceeded B. to exceedC. exceeded D. exceeding【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:在这期间,大约创造13,500个新的工作,超过市场分析师持有的12,000 的预期数量。分析全句可知,这里指前一件事情所带来自然而然的结果,故用现在分词作结果状语。故选D。15.120181匕京3.along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.A. Travel B. Traveling C. Having traveled D. Traveled【答案】B【解析】考查动名词。句意:沿着丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。" along the old Silk Road" 做主语,要用动名词,故B选项正确。高考真题(2020新课标 I 卷语法填空)Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e-4 66.(find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.【答案】to find【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的,应使用不定式作目的状语。故填t。find。1. (2019 浙江高考)But some students didn't want(wear) the uniform.【答案】to wear【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:但是,有一些学生不想穿学生服。want t。do sth想要做某事,这是want 的固定用法。故填to wear。2. (2020新课标 II 卷语法填空)They are easy 68. (care) for and make great presents.【答案】to careo【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:它们很容易照顾,也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词+ to do”结 构。故填to care。3. (2020新课标 III 卷语法填空)The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67. (find) the well-known painter.【答案】to find【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:第二天早上,他租了一条船,出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出 发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth.,后跟不定式做目的状语。故填t。find。4. (2020浙江卷语法填空)Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology60. (change)lives.【答案】to change【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子,简单句中已 有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句