非谓语动词讲解课件高考英语语法复习.pptx

不定式 to do,doing,done,一般式,进行式,完成式,一般式,完成式,主动,(not) to do,to be doing,to have done,(not) doing,(not)having done,done,被动,to be done,to have been done,being done,having been done,非谓语动词,一、形式：,二、用法,I. 做状语：1. 不定式(to do)做状语： I stopped the car _ (have) a rest.I got up very early _(catch) the bus.He hurried to the station, only _ (find) the train had left.注意：,1)做目的状语，可与in order to do, so as to do 换用；,2)做结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果；常与only连用，注意被动形式。,to have,to catch,to find,2. doing 做状语：He worked very hard, _ (hope) to earn enough money._ (finish) homework, he went to bed._ (receive) a reply, he decided to call her._ (tell) to wait here, she dare not go anywhere.,hoping,Having finished,Not having received,Having been told/Told,注意：3. done 做状语：_ (cook) by mom, the meal tasted delicious._ (found) in 1950, our school has a long history.注意：,1)doing做状语，与主语是主动关系；动作几乎同时发生。,2) having(been) done强调动作的“先后顺序”:done 的动作发生在前。,done 做状语，与句子主语是被动关系。,Cooked,Founded,4. 3种形式做状语的比较：to do & doing 做结果状语：He got to the airport, only _ (tell) the star had left.The rain lasted for a week, _(cause)serious flooding.2) doing & done 做状语：_(cover) by snow, the house is more beautiful. _(cover) the furniture with cloth, we left the house.,to be told,causing,Covered,Having covered,3)以下短语只用-ed 形式做状语：,be,addicted to (doing)sthabsorbed inburied inlost ininvolved in.dressed infaced with.= facing sthseated = sitting. .,_ (absorb) in painting, Johndidnt notice evening approaching._(face) with difficulties, he took great courage to overcome them._ (dress) in red, she looks pretty._ (seat/sit) in the first row, he can see the blackboard clearly.,Absorbed,Faced,Dressed,Sitting/Seated,II. 做定语,I have a lot of homework _ (do), so I cant go with you.2. China is the first country _ (invent) gun powder.3. If you have the chance _ (visit) my hometown, you will love it.4. I am sure you have the ability _ (do) the job well.,to do,to invent,to visit,to do,5. Do you know the girl _ (stand) under the tree?6.The building _ (build) now is asupermarket.7. Have you ever read the novel _ (write) by Mo Yan?8. This is the problem_(discuss) tomorrow.注意：to do: 表将来 ; 用于修饰chance, ability等&名词前有序数词或最高级修饰时。 doing: 表主动、进行 done: 表被动、完成,standing,being built,written,to be discussed,-ed形容词和-ing形容词的比较,做表语：The news is very _ (excite), and we all feel _ (excite).This film is _ (interest). Most people are _ (interest ) in it.注意: -ed形容词: “.令人.的” -ing 形容词: “.感到.的”,exciting,excited,interesting,interested,2. 做定语:What doyouthinkofJack?Ishean_ (interest) person?2) afrightenedlook afrighteninglook (指这种“表情”令人害怕)Hehada_smileonhisface.他脸上露出了满意的微笑。Hetoldmethenewsinavery_voice.,(指带有这种“表情”的人自己感到害怕),“害怕的表情”,“吓人的表情”,pleased,excited,interesting,“很激动的声音”,1.Asweallknow,typingisa_(tire)jobtoa_heart.2. Hearing the _ (satisfy) result, she shows a _(satisfy) expression on her face. 3. Its a _ (terrify) play so I am_(terrify).,tiring,tired,satisfying,satisfied,terrifying,terrified,I cant afford _ (buy) the house. He learn _ (speak) English at an early age.3. He practices _ (play) the piano every day.4. Mark didnt tell the truth, for he wanted to avoid _ (punish).5. All of us cant stand _ (work) in such hot weather.,III. 做宾语( to do 用于固定的动词、动词短语及介词后),to buy,to speak,playing,being punished,working,6. I am looking forward to _ (hear) from you.7.He spent much money _ (decorate) his new house.8. I didnt mean _(hurt) you.9. Missing the train means _ (wait) for another hour.10. Before you leave, dont forget _ (turn ) off the lights.,hearing,decorating,to hurt,waiting,to turn,IV. 做宾语补足语: vt + sb to do/ doing/ done ; 用于固定搭配。,doing : 表示主动、进行done: 表示被动、完成to do: 固定搭配 特殊搭配: 1) let/make/have sb do sth “使某人做.” doing sth使某人/物一直做.” sth done sth “使.被做”,keep/leave sb/sth doing,注意：在make sb do sth 结构中，表被动时则要加 “to”。,My parents always encourage me _ (be) brave.2. We invite her _ (join ) in the party.3. Police forced them _ (hand) in the illegal goods.4. When I got home, I found him _ (play) games.5. The boss made workers _ (work) all the day.,2) see/notice/hear/catch/find sb doing sth “正在做.” see/ hear/notice sb do sth 强调 “整个过程”,to be,to join,to hand,playing,working,6. Mom made Jim _(clean) his room.7. Jim was made _ (clean) his room.8. They tell us not _(go ) home alone.9. Water is precious, so we cant leave/let water _ (run) unnecessarily.V. 做主语：to do: It is + adj (for sb/ of sb) to do sthdoing: Its no use/ no good doing sth Its a waste of time doing sth,表示sb具备的品质,clean,to clean,to go,running,Its necessary _ us _ (master) a foreign language. Its kind _ you _ (help) me.2. Its a waste of time _ (play) games.3. _ (take) more exercise is good for our health.VI. With 的复合结构： doing ( 主动、进行) being done ( 被动、进行) done (被动、完成) to do (表将来),for,to master,of,to help,playing,Taking,with + n/代,1. With so much work _(do), I cant go swimming with you.2. With so many people _ (look) at him, he felt very nervous.3. With the problem _(solve), he could have a good sleep finally.4. They often take a walk after supper with their dog _ (follow) them.5. If time _ (permit), Ill visit you. Time _(permit), Ill visit you.,to do,looking,solved,following,permits,permitting,