【最高考】2015高考英语语法精讲精练 专题十二 情景交际常考点.doc

专题十二情景交际常考点近几年高考对日常交际用语的考查比重增大，题型也日趋灵活和多样化。要注意中西方思维和表达上的差异命题，同时要了解英语中常见俗语、谚语，并能在具体语境中恰到好处地运用。习惯应答类 许多情景对话中使用的是英美人的习惯用语。问候、告别、打电话、问路、看病、购物等常见的交际话题均有其较为固定的套语；感谢、道歉、祝愿、请求亦有其固定的应答用语。对于这类题目，我们要遵循他们的习惯进行回答。如：常用于感谢的应答用语有：You are welcome.Don't mention it.It's my pleasure.My pleasure.Not at all.That's all right. / It's all right. That's OK. / It's OK. That's nothing. / It's nothing.Forget it.No problem.常用于道歉的应答用语有：Never mind.It doesn't matter.That's all right. / It's all right. That's OK. / It's OK. That's nothing. / It's nothing.Forget it.No problem.常见的祝愿和祝贺用语有：Good luck！Best wishes to you!Wish you a pleasant journey！Have a nice time.Congratulations！Merry Christmas!而应答用语有：Thank you./The same to you./You too.接受请求和邀请的应答用语有：With pleasure.I'd be happy/glad to.Good idea.Sounds good.Why not?拒绝请求和邀请的应答用语有：Sorry，but.I'd rather you didn't.Thank you，but.No way！Forget it.其他场景习惯应答用语考生也应注意。问候的应答用语有：How do you do？/Fine，thank you.介绍的应答用语有：Very glad/pleased to see you.接电话的习惯用语有：This is Li Ming speaking.告别的习惯用语有：Bye./So long./See you later.服务人员的应答用语有：Yes，sir./Yes，madam./Take your time.Professor Johnson，I'm afraid I can't finish the report within this week._. How about next week?A. Good for youB. It won't bother meC. Not at allD. That's OKHere's your change._A. Thank youB. Don't mention itC. No problemD. With pleasure【答案】DA打破交际定势类 汉语和英语在交际文化方面有许多共同之处，但也存在诸多差异。这些差异往往是考查的重中之重。我们要力求用英语思维，避免母语交际定势的干扰，要根据英语的文化交际习惯来应答。如：当中国人听到对方夸奖或赞美自己时，习惯上要说些表示谦虚的话；而英美人则不同，他们总是先接受对方的夸奖，再表示谢意。如：You've served us a wonderful Chinese dinner，Mrs. Wang.I'm glad you enjoyed it.Thank you very much for the gift you sent me._A. No thanksB. I'm glad you like itC. Please don't say soD. No，it's not so goodWhat's the noise? It sounds as if it comes from upstairs._It must be the windowcleaner working next door.A. I'm not sureB. I hope notC. I'd rather notD. I don't think so【答案】BD语言结构类 这类题要求考生根据对话情景和所掌握的正确语言结构来作出选择。以习惯用法和变异句(如省略句)居多。如当说话人对刚刚提出的说法或意见持肯定态度时，可以说：Yes，I think/suppose/believe so./Yes，I'm afraid so.对刚刚提出的说法或意见持否定态度，则说：No，I don't think/suppose so./No，I don't believe so./No，I believe/suppose not./No，I hope not./No，I am afraid not.此外，Do you mind.？常用于表示请求对方允许。如果同意，则用No，go ahead./No，of course not./No，not at all.来回答；如果不同意，可用I'm sorry I do./Yes，I do./I'd rather you didn't.来回答。注意区别下列短语和语法结构：What if.？如果又怎么样？So what？那又如何？Like what？比方说？Then what？那么会怎么办呢？Guess what？你猜怎么着？Why not？好啊！How come？为什么？What for？为何目的？Take it easy.(心理上)别着急，轻松一点。Take one's time.(时间上)慢慢来。By all means.当然可以。By no means.决不。Not exactly.并不完全如此。/不完全是。Not really.不。/的确不。/不会吧。How would you like your coffee？你想怎么喝咖啡？How do you like your coffee？你觉得你的咖啡味道如何？Help yourself.随便拿，随便吃。Please/Suit yourself.随你的便。You can say that again.我完全同意。You don't say.不至于吧！Don't bother.别费事了。Why bother？为什么那么麻烦呢？( I ) can't complain.还行。So much the better.那就更好了。That's the case.是这样。Have you played baseball before? We need one more player._. I like ball games，so I believe it will be fun to learn baseball.A. Sometimes B. Not reallyC. Never mind D. That's coolHer father is very rich._She wouldn't accept his help even if it were offered.A. What for? B. So what?C. No doubt. D. No wonder.【答案】BB