Unit 3 Fit for life Extended reading Language points 课件- 高二上学期英语牛津译林版（2020） 选择性必修第二册.pptx

1. There is evidence that acupuncture dates back to the Stone Age, when stone tools called bian were used to press areas of the body.有证据表明针刺疗法始于石器时代，当时人们用一种叫做“砭”的石器来按压身体部位。,【句式分析】这是一个主从复合句，主句是there is evidence, 主句里包含了一个that引导的同位语从句。When引导的非限制性定语句，用来解释说明the Stone Age。,evidence: n. facts or signs that show clearly that something exists or is true 证据；证明 that is given in a court of law in order to prove that someone is guilty or not guilty 物证； 人证 v. to show that something exists or is true 证明eg There is convincing evidence that smoking does harm to health. He refused to give evidence at the trial. 他拒绝出庭作证。 The volcano is still active, as evidenced by the recent eruption. 最近的喷发证明，这座火山依然活跃。,【辨析】sign n. an event, fact etc. that shows that something is happening or that something is true or exists 迹象，痕迹， 征兆eg The curtains were still drawn and there was no sign of activity. A score of 80 or more is a sign that you are doing very well.,(1) evidence for/of sth. 的证据 give / show / bear evidence of 作证 be in evidence 显眼；显而易见(2) evident adj. 清楚的；显而易见的；显然的 It is evident (to sb.) that (某人)显然 evident in. 在某方面显而易见,归纳拓展,【语境应用】语法填空1) He refused to give _ (evident) at the trial.2) It was evident _ me that he was not telling the truth. 3) The growing popularity of the subject is evident _ the numbers of students wanting to study it.4) Evidence has been found through years of study _ childrens early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.,evidence,to,in,that,date back to: to have existed since a particular time in the past or for the length of time mentioned =date fromdate from和date back to 一般不用于进行时态。作后置定语时, 常用动词-ing形式。,eg This temple dates back to the 5th century. The church dates from the 13th century.,【拓展】 out of date 过时的, 陈旧的 up to date 最近的, 新式的, 现代的 set/ fix a date 定日期,【语境应用】语法填空1) Every day a number of tourists take pictures in front of the tower, _ as early as 800 years ago. (定语从句)2) Every day a number of tourists take pictures in front of the tower, _ as early as 800 years ago. (动词-ing作状语)3) All these trees are over 800 years old, with some _ (date) back to 1,000 years ago.4) All the photographs in this book, unless stated otherwise, date _ the 1950s.,which dates from/back to,dating,dating from/back to,from,2. Some acupuncturists today still use gold and silver needles, but the majority have now switched to stainless steel ones. 今天，一些针灸师仍然使用金针和银针，但大多数已经改用不锈钢针。,switch: v. to change from doing or using one thing to doing or using another 转换，转变，改变 to replace one thing with another, or exchange things 交换; 调换; 转换eg I switched pocketbooks with my sister. He switched the lights from green to red.,switch on 把打开，接通switch off 把关掉，关上switch over 转换频道，转变eg She switched on a light to see where her purse was.Glass parked the car and switched the engine off.Could you switch the TV over?,归纳,n. a piece of equipment that starts or stops the flow of electricity to a machine, light etc when you push it 开关，电闸 a change from one thing to another 转变，改变 eg There is a switch on the wall for turning on the lights.He has made a switch from publishing to teaching.,3. Up to now, more than 360 acupuncture points have been identified, each linked to a different part of the body.到目前为止，已有360多个针刺穴位被确认，每一个学位都与身体的不同部位相连。,【分析】句中each linked to是独立主格结构，linked to是过去分词短语，其逻辑主语each指代each acupuncture point。如：Simon was sitting on the sofa, his arms folded across his chest.,独立主格结构本身不是句子, 但在语意上相当于一个句子。独立主格结构的逻辑主语和句子的主语不同, 它独立存在。独立主格结构通常在句子中作状语, 表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等。常见的独立主格结构有如下几种：,(1) 名词/代词+动词-ing/过去分词(动词与名词或代词构成主动关系时, 用动词-ing；构成被动关系时, 用过去分词)(2) 名词/代词+形容词(3) 名词/代词+副词(4) 名词/代词+不定式(5) 名词/代词+介词短语,【语境应用】完成句子。1) 有那个男孩带路, 我们没费什么气力就找到了村子里的学校。A boy _, we had no trouble finding the school in the village. (lead)2) 随着问题的解决, 质量已经提高了。_, the quality has been improved. (solve) 3) 他走进屋来, 脸色苍白。He entered the room, _.,leading the way,The problems solved,his face pale,4. Over the years, acupuncture has been used to treat a wide variety of health problems, including severe pains, blood pressure issues, 多年来，针灸已被用于治疗各种各样的健康问题，包括严重疼痛、血压问题,severe adj. extremely bad or serious 十分严重的； very difficult and needing a lot of effort and skill 艰难的; very strict or disapproving 严格的，严厉的,【语境应用】翻译下面句子。1) My grandma is a severe woman who seldom smiles._2) Dont be too severe with Brian; he is only a little boy._3) This is a school for children with severe learning difficulties._,我的奶奶是一个严厉的人，她很少笑。,不要对Brian太严厉了，他只是个小男孩。,这是一所专门为学习上有严重困难的孩子们开设的学校。,5. , acupuncturists have discovered that the treatment helps with mental problems like depression and anxiety too.针灸师发现，这种疗法也有助于缓解抑郁和焦虑等精神问题。,anxiety n. the feeling of being very worried about something 焦虑，担心 a feeling of wanting to do something very much 渴望 (anxiety to do sth.)eg There isconsiderable anxietyamong staff about job losses. There is growing public anxiety over levels of air pollution in our cities. I nearly fell in my anxiety to get downstairs quickly.,6. Today, acupuncture is recognized as a symbol of traditional Chinese culture and has come into widespread use around the world.今天，针灸被公认为中国传统文化的象征，并在世界各地广泛使用。,symbol n. a picture or shape that has a particular meaning or represents a particular organization or idea象征（常与介词of连用）； a letter, number, or sign that represents a sound, an amount, a chemical substance etc符号（常与介词for连用）,symbol, sign, mark & signal,【语境应用】用symbol, sign, signal或mark填空。1) Scientists have found no _ of life on Mars so far.2) All I get is a busy _ when I dial Georges cell phone number. 3) All the students, please put a _ by the subjects you are interested in. 4) I frequently use sunflowers as a _ of strength.,sign,signal,mark,symbol,