新教材必修一词汇(1).docx

Book 1 Unit 1 Vocabulary一.构词法N.V.Adj.Advcuriositycuriousvariety/variationvaryvariousimpressionimpressimpressivetraditiontraditionaltraditionallycollectioncollectexplorationexploreorganizationorganizeorganizationaldescriptiondescribedescriptiveinvestigationinvestigateapplicationapplygraduationgraduateselectionselectmemorymemorisebreathbreatheperformanceperformargumentargueimprovementimproveconfidenceconfidentintelligenceintelligenteagernesseagerfrightfrightenfrightening/ frightenedparticularparticularly1.1 am curious about where his curiosity about science comes.2. There are various flowers in the garden with a variety of 100 kinds, which vary in color and shape.3. Your performance impressed us a lot. Your impressive action gave us a deep impression.4. It is our tradition to have a family-together on this traditional festivaI of China.5. She has collected so many stamps these years , making her a famous person in stamp-collection in this area.6. Children use fantasy to explore worrying aspects of real life, and this process of exploration helps them understand the world better.7. The man described the thief for the police ,but the description is not correct.8. We should investigate first before we reach a conclusion and the process of investigation needs a lot of efforts, 10.1 applied for a job in the company but the application formed has not been received yet.11. I graduated from my university several years ago but the graduation ceremony has been in my heart for a long time.12. My father selected several books for us but my brothers seemed to hate the selection.13. In my memory, my mother always made me memorize so many English words when I was young.14. Try to breathe again to make your breath smooth.64. Features are typically longer than standard news stories.65. I take it as an example of typical British industry.66. Typically, the Norwegians（知B威人） were on the mountain two hours before anyone else.67. Mrs Allen's style of cooking owes much to（归功于） her mother-in-law.68. Police warned motorists to allow extra time to get to work.69. lt wasn't an easy decision. We discussed it in detail beforehand.70. lt can be useful to write a short summary of your argument first.71 . We may summarize the situation as follows.72 .The government is facing such powerful pressure. He was carrying on about some stupid television series（喋喋不休）73 .0fficials have made a series of statements about the equipment.75 . She persevered （坚持）in her idea despite obvious objections raised by friends.76 .He maintained a positive attitude to his career throughout his long life.77The player faces a four-year disqualification from athletics 田径比赛Somehow, he'd managed to persuade Kay to buy one for him.78. British Rail has indeed become more commercial over the past decade.词原意typical典型的来自type,类型，典型，-ical,形容词后缀。1. Approach n.方法；途径；接近vt.接近；着手处理vi.靠近前缀ap-同ad-.词根pro,向前，同approximate,大约。1.1. care - er,关心这件事情的人。家长都关心（care）,儿er子的职业）“respect尊敬,尊重re-,再，-spect,看，词源同specter, retrospect.即再看，反复看，引申词义尊敬，尊重。5. Studio工作室,录音室，录像室来自意大利语studio,学习室，词源同study.引申诸相关词义。6. court宫廷,法庭来自CO-,强调。-hort,庭院，词源同yard, garden.原指王室宫廷，后词义外延不断扩大。 （记）谐音“夸她” o联想夸她为了献殷勤。7. ignore忽视,无知ig-,不，北，-gnore,知道,了解,词源同know, narrate.即不知道的,引申词义无知，忽视。小朋友一个闹（一个劲儿地闹），但就是不理他，就是没人理他。小朋友闹的时候就是不要 理他，你越理他他越闹、他越来劲儿。ignorance【记法】谐音：一个no认识 【联想】斗大的字一个都不认识，真无知talent 天才，天资,天赋10来自拉丁语talentum,重量，一定数目的钱，来自希腊语talanton,称量，一定的重量，一 定数 目的钱，来自PIE*tele,举起，称重，词源同extol, tolerate.据考证，1 talent为6000 古希腊货币drachma,在当时为一大笔钱。现词义来自圣经的一那么寓言，讲得是主人要出远 门，按能力 给了三个奴隶一个5 talenta,一个2 talenta,一个Italent,很久以后主人回 来了，前两个奴隶用钱投资钱生钱，最后一个奴隶把钱埋在地底下，主人生气的说，即使你 不会投资，你把钱存入 银行至少也有利息啊，我要没收你的钱，把钱交给有能力的人。后引 申词义天才，天资等。8. curtain 窗帘 curt,同court,庭院。后指挂布，窗帘。9. generate产生生殖 来自词根gen,生育，词源同gene.n.regular 规那么的，惯常的来自拉丁语regula,规那么，来自regere,管理，统治，来自PIE*reg,拉直，词源同 correct, right, regal.12. responsible 有责任的re-,向后，往回，-spond,承诺，答复，词源同spouse, correspond.-s,过去分词格，引申词 义责任。13. nowadays现今 即现在的日子，现今。14. jaw 下巴 来自Proto-Germanic*kawo,下巴，来自*kewwana,咀嚼，词源同chew.发 音想成“嚼"（要靠颌，颗才能嚼）。2. perhaps related or cognate with chew.15. Jog仿声模仿马漫步的脚步声.谐音“脚（四川方言：juo）割、脚拐”脚割伤了只能慢跑。2 . shake, shock => *shog => jog.16、 slim.谐音“使你母”一一使你母亲变得很苗条。1 .谐音“使你苗”一一使你变得很苗条。2 .谐音“是你苗”一一是你很苗条。17 .rangerangier "set in a row, place in a row, arrange, get into line,“ from rang "row, line" => rank.1. rank => range （ "row, line' => "row, line or position than a gun can send a bullet” => ''distance a gun can send a bullet"=>射程、范围、幅度=> 在射程或范围内徘徊、 漫游二放牧场（在一个大的区域、范围类游荡）。2. rank => range, arrange, ranch.18 . event 重要事件e-,向外。-vent,来，词源同advent, venue.引申义最终来到的，发生的。19.impact牙齿阻生，冲击，影响11im-,进入，使，-pact,压紧，推进，词源同impinge, compact.其原义为牙齿阻生，后引申词 义冲击，影响。2O.admire 崇拜前缀ad-,去，往。词根mire,惊叹，感叹，同miracle,奇迹，词源同smile,惊奇的笑。此处字母s脱落，字母流音音变。1.谐音：额的妈呀额的妈呀，你太厉害了，我好崇拜你哦。21.settle高背长椅，长木凳来自古英语setl,座位，来自Proto-Germanic*setla,座位，来自PIE*sed,坐下，词源同 sit, seat.引申词义长木凳，高背长椅。settle安排，解决，处理，定居，安居来自古英语setlan,使坐下，来自setl,座位，词源同sit, set, seat.引申词义安居，定居。 后主要用于比喻义安排，解决，处理等。22 . individual 个人，个体in,不，非，divide,分开，分割。即不可分割的，原指耶稣的圣父，圣灵,圣子三位一体不 可分开，后用来指单个的人，个人，个体。23 .detail 细节 de-,向下，强调。-tail,切，词源同retail, tailor.即完全切开 的，引申义细节。24 .contain 包含 con-,强调。-tain,持，握，词源同 detain, tension.1. con- "together" + -tain.2. => hold together, enclose.3. 共同的拿到一起.25 .track 轨道，跑道，路径，跟踪，追踪来自古法语trac,轨迹，车道，可能来自荷兰语trek,踩出的，引导的，词源同trek, trigger. 最终 来自PIE*dhragh,拉，拉出，词源同draw, tract.引申诸相关词义。26 . medium中间的，媒体，媒介来自拉丁语medius,中间的，词源同middle,-um,表中性。引申词义中间物，媒介，媒体等。27 .despise 鄙视 来自古法 语despis, de-,向下，-spis,看，词源同special,spectator.即向 despite 尽管词源同despise,鄙视，-t,过去分词后缀。用于引申义，尽管（鄙视），仍然。下看，鄙视。prep.尽管，不管 n.轻视；憎恨；侮辱1228 .entire 整个的 来自拉丁文integrum,整体。来自in-,不，非，-teg,接触，词 源同contagious, integrate.即没有接触过的，完整的。29 .enormous 巨大的e-,向外。-norm,正常，见normal.即超出正常的，巨大的。30 .disqualify使不合格，取消资质dis-,不，非，使相反。qualify,使符合资质，合格。31 .athlete 运发动 来自拉丁词athlos,竞争。谐音：爱死你的、爱使力的一刘翔是个伟大的运发动（athlete）,得了很多冠军，很多女 fans.medal 奖牌来自拉丁语metallum,金属，金属制品，词源同metal.原义为小金属制品或金银装饰品，后 用于指奖牌ndeed 确实来自in deed,事实上，后连写作为副词使用。比拟very, even.deed行动；功绩；证书；法契据同意词辨析1. fit/suit/match1 ）fit往往强调尺寸、大小或形状上的吻合。This coat fits me very we 11.这件外套我穿起来很合身。These shoes don' t fit me. Have you got a larger size?这鞋我穿不合适。你们有大点的吗？The key doesn1 t fit well这钥匙（与这锁孔的形状）不吻合。2 ）fit可表示两个相关的事物在品质上相称或开展上相对应。We have to fit ourselves to the requirements of our jobs.我们必须适应工作的需要。The tune exactly fits the words.这曲子与歌词很配。13suit侧重于符合某人的口味，或服装颜色、款式等的相配或适合。V.N.Adj.AdvThat haircutsuits you.那种发型很适合你。Itz s a smallhouse but it suits our needs.这是一 栋小房子，但它符合 我们的需要。A good teacher suits his lessons to the age of the students好的教师根据学生的年龄来上课。Blue suits you.你适合穿蓝色（服装）。match1）多指两个物体大小、色调、形状、性质等方面很相配，显得很协调。The carpets should match the curtains.地毯应该和窗帘相配。Do these shoes match my dress?这鞋子与我的衣服配吗？Your cups match your saucers.您的杯子和茶碟非常相配。2 ）指在能力、水平上"与相配”。You can7 t match him in his knowledge of wild plants.在野生植物知识方面z你无法与他相比。Book 1 Unit 4 Vocabulary一.构词法14deliverdeliverysignifysignificancesignificantsignificantlytendtendencycrimecriminalacquireacquirementacquirableillustrateillustrationcomfortcomfortablepatiencepatientpassionpassionatepassionatelygenerositygenerousgenerouslyhumorhumorousanxietyanxiousdistancedistantfortunefortunatefortunatelyappointappointmentbitterbitterlyshameashamedlocatelocationlocatedsurroundsurrounding1. The Canadians plan to deliver more food to southern Somalia.2. Free gifts are dispatched （分发）separately so please allow 28 days for delivery.3. The UN flag was raised at the airport yesterday to signify that control had passed into its hands.4. It doesn't signify, so you needn't worry about it.5. The company has made a significant breakthrough in China.6. The social significance of religion has changed over time.7. The number of MPs （议员）now supporting him had increased significantly.8. Older mothers tend to be too idealistic about the pleasures of motherhood.9. He is spoiled（宠坏的）,arrogant （傲慢无礼的）and has a tendency towards quarreling with other when unhappy.1510. Apart from criminal investigation techniques, students learn philosophy and logic.11. He is a cool and clever criminal who could steal again.12. He explains how the crime may be accomplished.13. Here is your opportunity to acquire a luxurious one bedroom home.14. The company's bank statements illustrate its success.15. Perhaps the accompanying illustration will explain it.（图表）the art of book illustration 书籍插图的艺决By way of illustration I'll refer to the behavior of rabbits.（例证 举例）16. A diagram of the new road was on a map of the city.（图表 图解，用图解法表示）17. Our challenge is how to inspire them to join our cause（事业）.18. India's myths and songs are the inspiration for her books.19. PowelTs unusual journey to high office is an inspiration to millions.20. This new design will offer you different levels of comfort, safety and speed.21. . We would like to thank them for their patience and understanding.22. A patient will usually listen to the doctor's advice and act on it.23. He is patient to treat everyone around him.24. She needs and wants to be loved with passion and adoration6顷慕）25. He brought to the job not just considerable experience but passionate enthusiasm.26. He was passionately in love with her.27. Not everyone thinks that the government is being particularly generous.28. I felt guilty saying that, playing on（利用） her generosity.29. Before closing I want to mention all those who contributed so generously.30. He gave a humorous account of their trip to Spain.31. I think humor is a great lubricant for life.32. They were anxious to bring the washing in before it rained.33. With anxiety, Bob and Hans searched the whole house.34. Jay had always tended to keep his girlfriends at a distance.35. From somewhere distant he heard the clatter（嗒嗒声）of a typewriter.36. We had to eat out all the time. It ended up costing a fortune.37. Anna approached several builders and was fortunate to come across Eddie.38. Fortunately for John, he had an understanding wife39. The Prime Minister has the power to dismiss and appoint senior ministers.40. A background check is normally a preliminary（ 准备 工作） to a presidential appointment.41. I hate to rush （催促）you but I have another appointment later on。42. The strike has taken on overtones （意味） of a civil rights campaign.43. He is a cool and clever criminal who could strike again.44. She took two quick steps forward and struck him across the mouth.45. His head struck the bottom when he dived into the 6ft end of the pool.46. When he struck the match to light his cigar, I saw a face of fear.47. McGuire drank a little from his bottle of bitter lemon.48. For many, their long-awaited homecoming was a bitter disappointment.49. Outside, a bitter east wind was accompanied by flurries（阵阵） of snow.50. “And he sure didn't help us, Grant said bitterly.Tt was bitterly cold now and the ground was frozen hard.51. I had asked everyone to submit （提交） questions in advance of the meeting.1652. Too much protein in the diet may advance the ageing process.53. The sessions will enable you to discuss problems with fellow asthma sufferers.54. There is the strong possibility that such cooperation will prove unworkable.55. The head company decided to locate in Qingdao.56. He is sharp and manipulative with a strong personality.57. My personal life has had to take second place to my career.词源1. deliver解救，分娩，交付，投递de-,向下，离开。-liver,自由，词源同liberate, liberation.即解救，拯救，使自由， 引申义分娩，交付等。前缀de-在该词词义较抽象。2. signify 预示，说明，表达，表示sign,标记，记号，-fy,使。引申诸相关词义。3. maintain 维持，保持，保养 来自古法语maintenir,保持，维持，来自拉丁语manu tenure,握在手上，控制，来自manus,拉丁语是手，词源同manual, tenere,握住，词源同 tenure, contain.引申多种词义。1. man- / manu- => main- + -tain. 2. => hold in the hand, keep in the hand.3. => practice habitually, practice continually; keep (a wife), sustain; keep oneself, support, defend in speech. manual adj,手工的；体力的 n.手册，指南' Manufacture 制造业 manufacturer 制造商 manufacturing 制造业的4. digital-digitize-digitdig + it => digit => 挖它=> 1.用爪子挖它.2 .因为咱们的先人、古人在计数、数数时最初都是用手指来计数、数数的。3 . Digit：第几头。远古人使用数字是为了知道自己的牲畜有几头，不会算了只能用指头数 手指，足趾，数字，数码。5. tend倾向，趋向来自拉丁语tendere,延伸，拉长，词源同attend, extend.引申词义倾向，趋向。1. tend (v.1): a shortening of attend.2. tend (v. 2) : tend一 => tend "move in a certain direction”.彳申展至U某个方向,但具 体是哪个方向不确定，因此后面接to (towards)来指明具体的方向。6. acquire 获得 前缀ac-同ad-,去，往。词根quit,追求，同question,追问，问题。7.illustrate解释，说明il-,进入，使，luster,发光，光泽。引申词义解释，说明。8.diagram 图表dia-,穿过，整个的。-gram,写，记录，词源同telegram.用来指图表。9.inspire启发，鼓舞in-,进入，使，-spir,呼吸，词源同respire, spirit,即吸入活力，吸收灵感，引申词义启发，鼓舞 记忆1.上帝往你头上吹了 口气。lo.fortify 加强 来自fort,(城堡)坚固，坚强，堡垒。Comfort 舒服 com-,强调。-fort,堡垒，强壮，见 fortify。1710 . patience 耐心，忍耐 .来自拉丁语pati,忍受，承受，词源同passion, passive.即忍受力，忍耐，耐心。1.发音：陪生死（即：“陪你从生到死”的简称）。12. passion耶稣受难，忍受，强烈感情，激情来自拉丁语pati,忍受，承受,来自PIE*pei,伤害，词源同fiend.-ss,过去分词格。该词原 指耶稣被钉在十字架上身体所遭受的痛苦，后引申词义强烈感情，激情，渴望等。1、 pass- + -ion.2、该单词最初的含义是：（殉难者的）痛苦，病痛；后来，受希腊语的影响，为了表示希腊语 单词pathos的含义，进而扩展了拉丁语单词passio的含义，使其具有pathos的含义。因此, 词根pass-也就具有了词根path-的局部含义。相关信息的英语说明，请看下一条。3、 meaning "strong emotion, desire" is attested from late 14c., from Late Latin use of passio to render Greek pathos. 4.谐音：拍胸f说话动不动就拍胸特有激情（passion）generous 大方的，慷慨的来自词根gen,生育，词源同generate.原指出生高贵的，词义褒义化。1、字面含义为：of noble birth.2、一般高贵出身的人都是具有绅士风度的，而具有绅士风度的人一般都是很慷慨的、大方的。13. slice切，害I，戈ij,切成薄片来自辅音丛si-,砍，劈，分开，比拟slab（厚片，厚板），slip （纸条，便条），slat （板条, 狭板），slit （切口，裂缝），slot （狭槽，水沟）.引申诸相关词义。14. humor 体液，心情，幽默，诙谐来自拉丁语umor,体液，来自umere,湿的，词源同humid.在古代指人体的四种体液，即 blood, phlegm, choler, black bile,血液,黏液、胆汁液,黑胆汁液，这四种体液的组合和多 寡决定人的性格，心境，情绪，同时，这四种体液的组合虽然基本固定，但也会发生变化， 从而人的心情也随之发生变化，引申词义兴致，心血来潮，纵容等词义，并同时引申词义逗 笑的能力，即幽默感。20世纪初学者严复将该词翻译为幽默并广为流传，需说明的是，当时 h是不发音的。1 .音译“幽默”。它是外来词，由英文音译而来的。而最初将此词移入中国的，那么是林语堂。 这是一个音、意两译的词，其表达恰到好处。2 .字母h很多时候是不发音的，这里在音译的时候，就把首字母h当不发音处理。是不发音 的。16.anxious 焦急的 来自anger古义，焦急。字母g, x音变。1.谐音“俺渴想死、俺可想死”俺可想死你了。17. distance 距离dis- 分开，散开。-St,站，词源同stand.即两边分开站的，距离。18. postpone推迟，延期post-,在后，-pon,放置，词源同position.引申词义推迟，延期。1819. ordinary 普通的来自拉丁语ordinare,安排，布置，指定，词源同order,引申词义顺序，按顺序的，普通的。20.scar 伤疤，伤痕来自中古英语skar,切口，裂缝，来自Proto-Germanic*skardaz,切口，来自PIE*sker,砍， 切，词源同shear, score.引申词义伤痛，伤痕。21 .dine 进餐 来自拉丁语*disjejunare, dis-,不，非，使相反，jejunare,斋戒，词 源同jejune.即结束斋戒，开始进餐，早餐。22 .chum朋友 俚语，来自chamber,即同处一室的人，室友。1、 originally university slang for "roommate,“ from alternative spelling of cham, short for chamber(mate). 2> chamber(mate) => cham =chum.3. chum：纯。纯洁的友谊室友，密友。23 .chap家伙，皴裂L家伙，来自cheap,原指卖东西的小商人。2.破裂，来自chop变体。chap：擦破。皮肤已经开裂就更易擦破一一龟裂。24 .fortune 运气，财富来自拉丁语for