可数名词和不可数名词知识点及练习题.doc
名词的用法可数名词(1) 定义：能以数目来计算，可以分成个体的人或东西。可数名词变成复数形式规则变化 一般情况下，直接在词尾+s: bookbooks, pencilpencils.(二) 规则变化词性特点大多数可数名词在词尾加-s.book books dog dogs tree trees 在浊辅音和元音后面读z,在清辅音后面读s以s,sh,ch,x结尾的名词在词尾加-esglass glasses dish disheswatch watches box boxes读iz以o结尾的名词加-es或加-s.Negro Nigroeshero heroestomato tomatoes potato potatoes photo photos 读z以f 或fe 结尾的名词先把f 改为v,再加esknife knives leaf leaves thief thieves 读vz以辅音字母加y 结尾名词先把y 改为i,再加-esstory stories city cities baby babies 注意：boy boys toy toys key keys 读z(三) 不规则变化 man men 男人 woman women 妇女 tooth teeth 牙齿 foot feet 脚 有些名词的单复数形式相同 deer deer 鹿 sheep sheep绵羊 Chinese Chinese 中国人 Japanese Japanese 日本人(四) 特殊的复数形式的名词由两部分构成的东西的名词，总以复数形式出现，如：glasses眼镜，trousers裤子， socks 袜子，clothes衣服等。若表达具体数目，要借助量词 pair对/双，suit套等。 apairofglasses, two pairs of socks(5) 可数名词的特点 (1) 有单复数：one desk, two chairs, many birds。 (2) 可以用不定冠词a/an、数词、many, some, any, a lot of, lots of等词修饰：an apple, three pictures, some students。 (3) 单数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数形式；复数名词做主语，谓语动词要用复数形式。 There is a pen on the desk. 桌子上有一支笔。 There are some students in the classroom. 教室里有一些学生。 (4) 在特殊疑问句中，用how many修饰可数名词There are three pens on the desk. (对划线部分提问)How many pens are there on the desk?不可数名词(1) 定义：不能以数目计算，不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的 东西，如water, tea, bread等。它没有复数概念，它的前面不能用补丁冠词a/an. 表特指时可用定冠词the修饰。 Water is very important to life. 水对生命来说十分重要。 The bread on the table is Marks. 桌子上的面包师Mark的。(2) 特点 (1) 不可数名词前面可以有much, a little, a lot of等修饰词：much bread, a little tea (2) 不可数名词不能用数词修饰，需要借助单位词来表示数量： a piece of paper 一张纸， a piece of bread一片面包，a cup of tea一杯茶 (3) 不可数名词变复数：量词变复数形式，作主语时谓语动词用复数 two pieces of bread 两片面包， three cups of tea 三杯茶 (4) 对不可数名词的修饰词提问，疑问词用how much. There is some milk in the glass. (对划线部分提问) How much milk is there in the glass?练习：一、根据句意及所给单词填空。1. _(this) are my English books.2. My aunt Jane and my mother are _(sister).3. I have two _(watch). They are on the desk.4. I have some _(photo) of my family.5. Do you like these _(dictionary)?6. Those are _(bus).7. I have lots of_(tomato) here.8. The_(leaf) on the tree turn-yellow.二、选择填空：1. Mom, I want_. Here you are. A. a bread B. a piece of bread C. some breads D.breads2. The _ has two _. A. boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches D. boys, watch3. There are lots of _ in the basket on the table. A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss4. _apples do we need to make fruit salad? Let me think.We need three apples. A. How long B. How often C. How much D. How many5. "Lily, Lets make vegetable salad. How many _ do we need?" "One is enough." A. oranges B. potato C. tomatoes.6. Would you like _ to eat now? A. some B. anything C. something D. thing7. Im so hungry. Please give me _ to eat. A. three bread B. three pieces of bread C. three pieces of breads1、 these, sisters, watches, photos, buses, tomatoes, leaves2、 1-5 BCCDC 6-7CB
