Unit 3 Grammar and usage 课件-高一上学期英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第一册.pptx

Unit 3 Getting along with othersGrammar and usage,1,2,3,Know the form of the restrictive relative clause with relative pronouns;,Understand the meaning of the restrictive relative clause with relative pronouns;,Learn to use restrictive clauses in different situations.,Learning objectives,Step 1 Lead-in,Adele is a famous singer.She sings the song Rolling in the deep .,Adele is a famous singer who sings the song Rolling in the deep .,He is a popular singer. His song is popular among young people.,He is a popular singer whose song is popular among young people.,1.定语,形容词,名词,介词短语,非谓语动词,从句(定语从句）,She is a beautiful girl.,Amy is a woman teacher.,The girl in red is my sister.,I have something to say.,The boy making face is my son.,Japan is a developed country.,I like people who smiles a lot.,定语：“定”语相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，常译为“的”,什么可以做定语,Step 2 Understanding the restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns,2.定语从句,定义,结构,定语从句,关系词,修饰名词或代词的句子,先行词,关系词,被修饰的名词或代词,引导定语从句的关联词,关系代词,关系副词,who whom that which whose as,when where why,eg. This is the car which he bought last year.,将下列句子改成一句话,He(_)does not reach the Great Wallis not a true man. 不到长城非好汉。This is the famous scientist(_)we visited last week. 这就是我们上周拜访的那位著名科学家。,关系代词,3. 关系代词的用法之 whowhom,who,whom,先行词是人-在从句中充当主宾The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.,先行词是人-在从句中充当宾The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li.,who,whowhom,that,which,先行词是人物-在从句中充当主宾A plane is a machine that can fly.Lets ask the man that is reading the book over there.,先行词是物-在从句中充当主宾They planted the trees which didnt need much water.,关系代词,He finally worked out the problem_puzzled him for a long time.他最后解出了这个令他困惑很久的问题。The fish(_)we bought yesterdaywere not fresh.我们昨天买的鱼不新鲜。,thatwhich,thatwhich,3.关系代词的用法之 thatwhich,whose,as,先行词是人物-在从句中定语This is the boy whose composition the teacher liked.This is the book whose cover is blue.,修饰句子-正如As is known, China is a very big country.,关系代词,3. 关系代词的用法之 whoseas,They rushed over to help the man_ car broke down.他们跑过去帮助那个汽车抛锚的人。There is a mountain_top is always covered with snow有一座山顶常年被雪覆盖的山_everyone knows, China is a beautiful country with a long history.正如每个人都知道，中国是一个有着悠久历史的美丽国家。,whose,whose,As,Below is a magazine article on friendship in the modern age. Find the sentences with restrictive relative clauses in the article and fill in the box below. The first one has been done for you.,Step 3,Exploring the rules and working out rules,Exploring the rules,A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out.A real friend is someone whose support we can count on. A real friend is someone who sees our true self, not just the face that we show to the world. Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship.Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we love.“Sharing” our experiences on social media is not enough to express the values which matter most to us. “Liking” our friends photos online does not develop the connection which we share.,Rules,A restrictive relative clause is used to modify a noun, pronoun or noun phrase before it.,The noun, pronoun or noun phrase is the antecedent.,We can use relative pronouns to introduce restrictive relative clauses.,Working out the rules,Rules,The most frequently used relative pronouns include who, whom, which, that, whose.,We use _ for things, and _ and whom for people. We can use _ for both things and people. We use _ to show possession.,The relative pronouns, who, whom, which, that, often act as a component in clauses.,which,who,that,whose,Working out the rules,A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out.A real friend is someone whose support we can count on. A real friend is someone who sees our true self, not just the face that we show to the world. Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship.Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we love.“Sharing” our experiences on social media is not enough to express the values which matter most to us. “Liking” our friends photos online does not develop the connection which we share.,Find the antecedent,Rewrite the following sentences using restrictive relative clauses.,Step 4 Applying the rules,1. Common interests provide rich ground. Many friendships grow from rich ground. Common interests provide rich ground _.,2. When friends communication is warm and open, friendships grow best.Friendships grow best between friends _.,3. Friendships are like flowers. These flowers need to be taken good care of.Friendships are like flowers _.,4. A relationship with a true friend will surely produce fruit. You can count on a true friend.A relationship with a true friend _will surely produce fruit.,5. You have been helped by others.To make friends, you should help others in the same way. To make friends, you should help others the way_.,from which many friendships grow,whose communication is warm and open,which/that need to be taken good care of,whom/who/that you can count on,in which/that you have been helped by others,Completing a passage,which/that,whose,who/that,(which/that),which,whom/that/who,who/that,Describing a friend of yours,Sample,My best friend is Hannah. I met her in a park where we play badminton. One day, the friend who I normally play with had to go to home early, and I was about to leave too. That was the moment when Hannah came up to me and asked if I wanted to play with her. We got on really well and soon became close friends. I know she is someone that I can rely on in times of difficulty.,THANKS,