_Unit7 SectionA 被动语态专项讲解 课件人教版英语九年级.pptx

,被动语态（Passive voice）,Step 1 Lead in什么是语态？语态是动词的一种形式, 表示主语和谓语的关系。,Step 2 New lessons一、分类与概念英语动词有两种语态：主动语态(active voice)和被动语态(passive voice)主动语态(active voice)表示主语是动作的执行者。We clean our classroom every day. 被动语态(passive voice)表示主语是动作的承受者。Our classroom is cleaned every day,二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“系动词be+及物动词的过去分词（用done表示）”构成，be随着主语人称和数以及时态的不同而变化。The TV is made of plastic.It was made in Chongqing.A sports meeting will be had in October.Teenagers should be allowed to make their own decision.An evening party is being having now.My homework has already been done.,常见的4种形式的被动结构如下：1、一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are + V-edThe first section of New College English is designed for speaking practice and is based on pictures and topics.2、一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+ V-edThese computers were made in our own country last year.,3、一般将来时的被动语态：will/shall+be+ V-edShall we be asked to attend the opening ceremony?4、含有情态动词的被动语态由“can / must / may / should + be + V-ed”构成。Sixteen-year-olds should not be allowed to drive.,三、 主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）图示：主动句：They clean the classroom. 主语 谓语 宾语 被动句：The classroom is cleaned by them. 宾语变主语 be+过去分词 主语变宾语由by引出,(2) 口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓语动词用被动。(3) 变换步骤： 将主动句的宾语变为主语。 注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。如： This village is so beautiful that many visitors visit it every year.This village is so beautiful that it is visited by many visitors every year. 这个村庄很美，以至于每年有很多人来参观它。,将动词改为“be+过去分词”。 注意：be动词与新主语相一致，时态不变。如： They held a meeting yesterdayA meeting was held by them yesterday他们昨天开会了。将主动语态的主语改为by.，放在谓语动词后。 注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。如：He sang a songA song was sung by him他唱了一首歌。Practice:1. The Secondary School Entrance Exams _ (hold) in June.2. A strange noise _ (hear) by his mother last night. 3. A wide road _ (build) between the two villages by those people next year.,is held,was heard,will built,四、被动语态的几种特殊形式1.有些动词可以有两个宾语，直接宾语与间接宾语。They didnt offer Ann the job. 间接宾语 直接宾语在变为被动语态时:(1)间接宾语(通常指人)做主语，直接宾语依然保留在谓语后边。Ann wasnt offered the job主语,(2)直接宾语做主语，需在间接宾语前加to或者for.The job wasnt offered to Ann.主语She made me a cake.A cake was made for me.主语His mother gave him a present last Monday.He was given a present by his mother last Monday.My uncle bought me a new computer.A new computer was bought for me by my uncle.,Practice:Her mother bought her a new sweater.A new sweater _ _ _her by her mother.The teacher gave me some books.Some books _ _ _me by the teacher.I _ _some books by the teacher.He often tells us his stories.,was bought for,were given to,was,given,2、“不及物动词+介词/副词”结构的短语动词相当于及物动词，可以有被动语态。但短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。如：They took good care of the poor kids. The poor kids were taken good care of by them. (of不可省略)Practice:We should speak to old men politely.We cant laugh at him.,Old man should be spoken to (by us),He cant laughed at (by us),3、若宾语和后面的宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语，变为被动语态时，只将宾语变为被动句的主语，宾语补足语保留在原处，成为主语补足语。如：They encouraged us to study hard every day.We were encouraged to study hard every day. (to study hard every day为主语补足语)Practice:His mother often tells him not to play in the street.He _often _not to play in the street by his mother.,is,told,4、在主动句中，感官动词see , hear, watch, feel, notice等和使役动词let, make等后接省略to的不定式，变为被动语态时，应加上动词不定式符号to。如：We heard them sing Peking Opera in the theater.They were heard to sing Peking Opera in the theater.They make her clean the floor. She is made to clean the floor by them.温馨提示后接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词变为被动语态时, 宾语补足语部分不变。例如: We heard Jim playing the guitar in his room.Jim was heard playing the guitar in his room.,Practice:The boss made him work twelve hours a day.He was made _ _ twelve hours a day by the boss .I saw her read a storybook.She _ seen _ read a storybook.The teacher made us to understand it.We were _ _ understand it by the teacher.I often hear him play the piano in the next book.He is often _ _ _ the piano in the next book.I noticed him read a novel in class.He _ _ _ _ a novel in class.,to,work,was,to,made to,heard to play,was noticed to read,5、 It + be + V-ed + that从句 (=主语+ be + V-ed + to do sth.=People +V.+that从句)如say,believe,expect,think,know,report,write等。表示：据说/据报道/据悉/据信等据说这个男孩已经通过了这次全国性的测试。It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. The boy is said to have passed the national exam.People say that the boy has passed the national exam.,Practice:It is reported that many people have died in the earthquake.Many people _ _to have died in the earthquake.It is believed that shark fins are good for humans.Shark fins _ _to _ good for humans.,are reported,are believed,be,Practice:1. The old over 90not only by their family but also by the government in many places. A. is looked at B. are taken good care ofC. are taken good care D. is looking after2. Do you often see Williamon the playground? No, but he is often seenChinese Kung fu in the park. A. run; play B. run; to playC. running; play D. running; to play,五、主动语态不能变成被动语态的情况:1、不及物动词没有被动语态。The price has been risen.(F)The price has risen.(T)My dream has been come true. (F)My dream has come true. (T)2、系动词无被动语态。Appear,be, become, fall, feel ,get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, sound, stay, taste,turn,smelle.g.It sounds good.The steel feels cold.The method proved (to be)effective.,3、当宾语是反身代词或相互代词时。He made himself a cup of coffee.They help each other.4、当宾语是不定式或V-ing时。We all want to be teachers.5、当宾语表示数量、重量、大小或程度。The jade weighs one ton.6、表示主语主语本身的特征，动词sell, write, wash, read, cook, break等受到副词well,easily, badly的修饰，主动形式表被动。e.g.:The book_(sell) well.The kind of clothes _(wash)easily.,sells,washes,7、主动形式表示被动：sth. need/ want/ require doing相当于sth. need/ want/ require to be done(不定式的被动结构)。例如: Your room needs cleaning. = Your room needs to be cleaned. 你的房间需要打扫了。我的车需要修理。My car needs repairing. =My car needs to be repaired. Practice:My desk is broken.It needs_ (repair)be worth doing(值得做)中的doing表示被动含义。例如:The movie is worth watching by everyone. 这部电影值得所有人看一看。,repairing=to be repaired,六、被动语态与系表结构的区别“be + p. p. ”表示动作时是被动语态; “be + p. p. ”表示主语所处的状态时是系表结构。(1)含有“by +宾语”结构强调动作执行者, 此时为被动语态。例如: The window is broken. 窗户坏了。(系表结构)The window is broken by me. 窗户是我打破的。(被动语态)(2)句中有地点、频率或时间状语时, 一般是被动语态。例如: The door was closed. 门是关着的。(系表结构)The door was closed at 9: 00. 九点钟关的门。(被动语态),3)系表结构中常用介词搭配, 被动语态中没有介词搭配。例如: Were worried about the boy. 我们担心那个男孩。4)系表结构的过去分词可以被副词修饰。例如: Im really surprised at the news. 我对这个消息真的感到很惊讶。(5)系表结构通常只有一般现在时和一般过去时, 而被动语态可用于多种时态。,七、被动语态的用法：1、不知道动作的执行者。Printing was introduced into Europe from China.印刷术是由中国传入欧洲的。2、没必要指出动作的执行者。He was born in 1980.他出生于1980年。3、需要强调突出动作的承受者。She is liked by everyone here.她被这儿所有人喜欢。4、动作的发出者不是人。My dog was washed away by the flood.我的小狗被洪水冲走了。,Step 3 Practice1. Many trees and flowersin our school last year and they made our school a beautiful garden. A. have plantedB. are plantedC. were plantedD. will be planted2. The roomevery day. You can live in now. A. cleans B. is cleaning C. is cleaned D. has cleaned,3.The song reminds me of my old school days as soon as it. A.is playedB. plays C. will be played D. will play 4.Excuse me, sir, smokingin the gas station. Oh, Im really sorry. A. doesnt allowB. isnt allowed C. arent allowed5. )Who designed this game? Itby Tom in 1999. A. is designed B. designsC.was designed D. designed,6. A new clubin our school at the beginning of this year and now it has many members. A. starts B. is startedC. has started D. was started 7.Zongzito students for free in our dining hall on Dragon Boat Festival. Really? That sounds cool! A. offer B. have offered C. are offered D. will be offered,Step 4 HomeworkReview the knowledge of the passive voice,Thank you,