西安主要景点英文介绍(景点翻译)(9页).doc

-第 1 页西安主要景点英文介绍(景点翻译)-第 2 页1.华清宫;TheHuaqingPool islocatedintheLintongDistrict30kmeasttotheurbanarea of Xian.With Mount.Li to its south and the Wei River to its north,itboasts the natural hot springs.The favorable geographical condition andnatural environment make it one of the cradles where ancient peoplesettled and.It was also a favorite place for emperors to buildtheir palacesas a resort.Since ancient times,it has ever been a famous bathing andtouristdestination.According to historical records and archeological the Huaqing Poolhas a history of 6000 years for the use of hot springs and a history of 3000years of royal gardens.Over these years,the cultural relics excavated nearthesourceofhotspringsprovethatover6000yearsagoprimitiveresidentshad used the hot spring.In West Zhou,King Youwang ordered theconstruction of Li Palace on the site.Then the emperors of the followingdynasties join in the line.After Emperor Xuan Zong ascended the throne,he commanded the construction of Huaqing Palace on a large scale.Theconstruction was built along the Lishan Mountains range,and the formerspring well was designed into a pool.Roads were built to reach the top ofLishan Mountain and one two-way road to Changan linked HuaqingPalace with Daming Palace and Xingqing Palace in the capital city.In theyear 747 A.D.,the new palace was completed and emperor Xuan Zongnamed it Huaqing Palace.Because there are many hot spring pools in the-第 3 页palace,it is also called Huaqing Pool With the third peak of LishanMountain and the source of hot springs on the axis and the hot springs asthe center,the palace was laid out in four directions.This design,on theone hand,made a good use of the hot springs;on the other hand,itrepresented a precise and strict layout.Inside the palace,there wereofficials bureaus and houses and hot pools.In addition,some recreationalplaces such as the Rooster Fight Pit and Polo Field etc.for emperor XuanZong and Lady Yang were also available.At that time,the history ofHuaqingPoolreacheditsclimax.2.西安城墙Xian city wall is the Ming Dynasty the years in policy of Zhu Yuanzhanghigh walls,wide accumulate grain,slow the guidance of kings under,built on the basis of the Tang imperial.Completely around the defensestrategy system is greater than the thickness of the wall height,solid as amountain,the top of the wall and practicing sports can.Walls includemoat,drawbridge,building gate,watchtower,is buildings,towers,fortresses,parapet,forts and other a series of military facilities.Since thecompletion of the wall after three major renovations.Longqing two years(1568),Shaanxi provincial governor Zhang Zhi presided over therestoration of Tucheng first into brick city;Qing Emperor Qianlong 46years(1781),Shaanxi governor,Bi source host on the walls and towers wererenovated;since 1983,in Shaanxi Province and Xian Municipal Peoples-第 4 页Government of the city wall the large-scale renovation,construction hasbeen the demolition of the east gate,north gate of the watchtower,on theSouth Gate building,suspension bridge,and builtaround the park,so thatthis ancient building glow in the old style,has become a tourist attractionforvisitorsinXian.3.西安碑林博物馆ForestofStoneStelesMuseumThe treasure house of ancient calligraphy and stone carving art of China,theMuseumofForestofStone Tablets,which is located at the site of Confucian temple in SanXueStreet,Xian.This museum was set up in 1087 and it collected more than3000 stone tablets from the Han dynasty through the Qing dynasty.Thewhole area consists of 3 parts:Confuciantemple,exhibition of stone tabletsandstonecarvings.4.书院门thereisa well-known street-ShuyuanmenAncient Cultural Street.It isalsonamed the Arts Street,located on the eastern side of the southern gate ofXian.From theBell Tower,walkalongtheSouth Avenue totheSouth Gate,you see a traditional archway on the east side of the road,that isShyuanmen:he 200-m street is in the architectural style of the Ming andQing dynasties.The street is under the south ancient city wall behind theForest of Steles,both sides of the slab stone road are lined with buildings-第 5 页in the Ming and Qing styles.Various crafts and arts are sold on thiscrowded street all year long.Historical relics,calligraphy,paintings,antiques,jewels,jadeandfolkartfineworksarealltouristfavorites.The name of Shuyuanmen,which means the gate of the academy ofclassical learning,has its roots in Guanzhong Shuyuan(namely,theacademy of classical learning in the area of central Shaanxi Plain.GuanzhongShuyuanisthehighestseatoflearninginShaanxiinMingandQingdynasty.Beingthefirst-rateoneinnorthwestarea,itisalsooneofthefour well-known academies of classical learning in China.The origin ofGuangzhong Shuyuan also has an old story.It is said that a high officialcalled Feng Congwu,once submitted a written statement to the emperor,but only to be dismissed from office because he said the emperor wasaddictedtowineandwomenalldaylongwithoutsolvingstateaffairs.FengCongwu went home and began to give lectures in Baoqing Temple.Later,the senior official Wang Keshou in Shaanxi province also joined him.Fromthen on,thousands of people came here to listen to their lectures.SoGuanzhong Shuyuan was set up there.After nearly four or five centurieshistory,theoldstreetnearthesouthcitywallhasfallenintodisrepair.Thenbeing carefully planned and designed,it was rebuilt into an imitation ofancient business street with a style of Ming and Qing dynasty in early1990s.Today,Shuyuanmen is a place of tourist interest for the combination of-第 6 页bothantiquesandhandicrafts.Itislinedwithrowuponrowofmorethan100diverseshops,suchasshopsforpaintings,fourtreasuresforstudy,sealorcollectionofancientseals,etc.Onthesecondandthirdflooroftheattic,there are many black tablets with golden-colored calligraphies on them,such as Wencuige,Zuishuxuan,Jukanzhai,Haoyuegong,etc.Modernhandicrafts are the main items in this street,among which you could findthe four treasures in the study,pottery figurine,calligraphy and paintingsand imitation of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses,baccaro ware,sealcutting,carving,and so on.These all together made the street permeatedwithanelegantandculturalatmosphere.5.钟楼The Bell Tower Drum Tower and the City Well in Xian The Bell Tower,aclassical building with carved beams and painted rafters,has been servedas the symbol of Xian.It stands in the center of the downtown area wherethe north street,the south street,the west street and the east street meet.And the tower house a huge bell which in ancient times was use to strikethe time every morning.This is how the tower got its name.now it is animportant historical monument in shaanxi Province.The Bell tower wasfirst built in Ying Xiang temple in 1384 during the Ming dynasty.It wasmovedtoits presentsite in1582asa resultof thecitys expansionprogram.Ladies and gentlemen,There is a story about the Bell Tower.Its said thatthefirstemperor ofMingdynasty,Zhuyuanzhang,hewasborn ina poor-第 7 页family.Both his parent died when he was young,and he had to live a hardlife.Later,he went to a temple to become a monk.When he ascended thethrone,he was afraid of being deposed by someone of“real dragon”.Therefore,he gave orders to build bell tower all over the county to repressthe“dragon spirits”.Xian has been the imperial capital city since ancienttimes.So the“dragon spirits”must bevery strong here.Thats why the belltowerinXianwasnotonlybuiltearlier,butalsobiggerthantheotheronesin the country.The base of the tower is 1,337.4 square meters in size,8.6meters high and 35.5 meters wide.It was laid with blue bricks all over.Thewhole building is 36 meters above ground.It is a brick-and woodstructure.The eaves are supported by colored“dou gong”a traditionalstructural system in which brackets are used to join columns andcrossbeams,the use of dou gong made the whole building firm andbeautiful.6.小雁塔The Small Wild Goose Pagoda is located in the Jianfu Temple.Its onekilometer south from the downtown area.The Small Wild Goose Pagodawas built in Tang Dynasty(707A.D.).It has fifteen storeysand its aboutforty-five meters above ground.In 1555,there was an earthquake inHuaxian of this province.As a result,the top two storeys of the pagodawere destroyed.The present structure has only thirteen storeys.There is astory about the small wild goose pagoda.When Yi Jing appealed to the-第 8 页imperial court for funds to build a pagoda,so as to preserve the Buddhistscriptures,the Emperor Li Xian asked the Empress for advice as he oftendid.When she heard of this,she ordered all the imperial concubines andcourtmaidstodonatemoneyfortheconstruction ofthepagoda.Theladieswere so generous in their donation that there was still money left over evenaftertheprojectwascompleted.7.陕西省历史博物馆Shaanxi History Museum is located in the northwest of the Xian WildGoose Pagoda.It was built in 1983 and was open on June 20,1991.ShaanxiHistory Museum is Chinas first large-scale modern national museum;itmarks that Chinas museum career has entered into a new developmentmileage.The Museum has the style of Tang dynasty buildings of“centralpalace hall with four worship houses around”with orderly,harmonious,vigorous and grave construction,melting the national tradition,localcharacteristics and the spirit of time into an organic whole.The Museumcovers an area of 65,000 square meters.It has a building area of 55,600square meters,the cultural relic reservoir area of 8,000 square meters,andexhibition hall area of 11,000 square meters.Its collection of cultural relicsreaches 370,000,dating from the simple stone that human used at theinitial stage in ancient times down to all kinds implements in social lifebefore 1840;the time span covers more than one millionyears.The culturalrelics are rich in number and types and have high grade and wide value,-第 9 页among which Shang bronze is exquisite;terracotta figurines of pastdynasties areof variedtypesandpostures;gold andsilverwareofHanandTang Dynasty is unique across the country;wall paintings of Tang tombhave no equals in this world.It is called a collection of variety of boutiquescarnival.