2021新高考英语一轮半小时训练：话题练+第19练+世界与环境+Word版含解析.docx

基础巩固.单句语法填空1The amount of water which is suitable(drink)is less and less now.2Now more and more people pay more attention to how(save)water.3 Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology，itbecomesmoreimportant(protect)our environment.4In China a lot of rivers and lakes are(serious)polluted by some factories.5Some waste water has been poured into rivers and lakes，(kill)a large number of fish.6 Ifeveryonemakesacontributiontoprotectingtheenvironment，theworld(become)much more beautiful.7How to protect our environment has been one of the most difficult(problem)inthe world.8 We should plant more and more trees in order to live better and(healthy)in the future.10the whole the warming of the earth is a phenomenon that causes great concern.11The government should take action to stop these factories(produce)harmfulgases.12Without the shade from the trees，the earth would get too hot to live.13The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors，most ofarebeyond our control.14Nowadays many factories produce large amounts of chemicalsare poisonous tohuman beings.话题词汇1pollution n污染2atmosphere n大气，气氛3consequence n结果，后果4attach great importance to.十分重视5be aware of.意识到6damage v毁坏7make a difference 有影响8environment n环境9suffer v受苦，遭受10cause v导致能力提升.阅读理解A(2019北京通州区一模)These days everyone is worried about the size of their carbon footprint.In order to reduceglobal warming，we need to make our carbon footprints smaller.But how much CO2are weresponsible for?A new book by Mike BernersLee(a leading expert in carbon footprint)might be able tohelp.The Carbon Footprint of Everything looks at the different things we do and buy，andcalculates the amount of CO2they produce，including the ingredients，the electricity，theequipment，the transport and the packaging.And its frightening how much carbon dioxideeverything produces.But all of this can help us decide which beer to drink.From BernersLees calculations，itsclear that a pint(568ml)of locallybrewed(酿制的)beer has a smaller carbon footprint than abottle of imported beer.This is because the imported beer has been transported from far away，and ituses more packaging.The local beer only produces 300g of CO2，but the imported beer produces900g!So，one pint of local beer is better for the environment than three cans of cheap foreign beerfrom the supermarket.BernersLee has even calculated the carbon footprint of cycling to work.Nothing is moreenvironmentallyfriendly than riding a bike，surely?Well，it depends on what youve had to eatbefore.To ride a bike we need energy and for energy we need food.So，if we eat a banana and thenride a kilometer and a half，our footprint is 65g of CO2.However，if we eat bacon before the bikeride，its 200g.In fact，bananas are good in general because they dont need packaging.They canbe transported by boat and they grow in natural sunlight.16Which of the following produces the smallest carbon footprint?AApint of local beer.BAbottle of imported beer.CAbanana before a 1.5 km bike ride.DBacon before a 1.5 km bike ride.17According to the article，the author suggests choosing the local food because it is.Amore tastyBeasier to buyCbetter packagedDmore energysaving18The purpose of writing this article is to.Apromote a new bookBadvertise the imported beerCinstruct how to measure the carbon footprintDencourage people to reduce the production of CO2B(2019湖北名校联盟质检)At the age of seven，while his friends were spending pocket money on things like candy andtoys，Jose Adolfo was busy saving money for more essential purchases.To try to get his peers to dothe same，the youngster from Arequipa，Peru came up with the innovative idea of an ecobank，which allows kids of all ages to gain economic independencewhile also helping the environment.Established in 2012，the Bartselana Student Bank is the worlds first bank for kids.To openan account，kids have to bring in at least 5 kilograms of solid waste(paper or plastic)and establish asavings goal.Once accepted，all bank“partners”are required to deposit(存储)at least oneadditional kilogram of recyclables on a monthly basis and meet other requirements，such asattending financial education and environmental management workshops.The waste collected is sold to local recycling companies，who，thanks to Jose，pay ahigherthanmarket rate for everything brought in by Bartselana Student Bank members.The fundsreceived are placed in the individuals account until his/her savings goal is reached.The accountholder can then withdraw his/her money，or choose to leave it and continue to grow for a biggertarget.“At the beginning，my teachers thought I was crazy，”Jose recalls.“They did notunderstand that we are not the future of the country but its present.Luckily，I had the support of theschool principal.”By 2013，the bank had over 200 members who brought in one ton of recyclable waste.Today，the ecobank，which now has the support of several local institutions，has ten educationalcenters.They are designed to teach the over 3,000 members both finance and environmentalmanagement.On December 6,2018，in response to the growing demand，Bartselana Student Bankbegan accepting applications from kids all across Peru.As the teenager says，“Together we can change the world.We just need an opportunity.”19What is the purpose of the ecobank?ATo involve kids in the management of the local recycling companies.BTo help kids get pocket money to spend on things like candy and toys.CTo show kids how important it is to learn environmental management.DTo get kids to help the environment and be economically independent.20What duty does an ecobank member have to perform?AAttending financial education workshops.BBringing in 5 kilos of waste.CSaving one kilo of solid waste weekly.DEstablishing a savings goal.21What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 mean?AKids are more responsible when growing up.BThe future of the country relies mainly on kids.CKids can contribute to the society though young.DThe present is a vital period for kids development.22Which of the following words can best describe Jose?AGenerous.BCrazy.CFlexible.DInfluential.七选五About one hundred years ago many educated people learned and spoke French when they metpeople from other countries.Today most people speak English when they meet foreigners.23There are more people who speak English as a second language than people who speak English as afirst language.Why is this?24One of them is that English has become the language of business.Another importantreason is that popular American culture(like movies，music，and McDonalds)has quickly spreadthroughout the world.25Is it good that English has spread to all parts of the world so quickly？26Its importantto have a language that the people of the earth have in common.Our world has become very globaland we need to communicate with one another.On the other hand，English is a fairly complicatedlanguage to learn and it brings its culture with it.Do we really need that?Scientists have already tried to create an artificial language that isnt too difficult anddoesnt include any one groups culture.It is called Esperanto.27Maybe the popularity ofEnglish wont last that long either.Who knows？There are more people in the world who speakChinese than any other language.Maybe someday Chinese will be the new international language.APeople like English.BBut it hasnt become popular.CIt has brought its language with it.DThere is no doubt about the question.EThis is why English is widely spoken.FIt has become the new international language.GThere are many reasons why English has become so popular.答案答案精析精析.1.to drink2.to save3.to protect4.seriously5.killing6.will become7.problems8.healthier9.should take/took10.On11.producing12.on13.which14.which/that15.exactly.语篇解读这是一篇议论文。文章作者鼓励大家采取行动，减少温室气体的排放，并说明了一些具体的做法。16C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The local beer only produces 300g of CO2，but theimported beer produces 900g！”和第四段中的“So，if we eat a banana and then ride a kilometerand a half，our footprint is 65g of CO2.However，if we eat bacon before the bike ride，its 200g.”可知，吃一根香蕉然后骑 1.5 公里自行车产生的碳足迹最小，故选 C。17D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“This is because the imported beer has been transportedfrom far away，and it uses more packaging.The local beer only produces 300g of CO2，but theimported beer produces 900g!So，one pint of local beer is better for the environment than threecans of cheap foreign beer from the supermarket.”可推断出，作者建议选择当地的食物，因为它更节能，故选 D。18D写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是文章第一段可知，文章是鼓励大家采取行动，减少温室气体的排放，故选 D。语篇解读这是一篇说明文。巴塞拉纳学生银行成立于 2012 年，是世界上第一家儿童银行。为了开户，孩子们必须携带至少 5 公斤的固体废物纸或塑料，并设定一个储蓄目标。回收的垃圾被卖给当地的回收公司，多亏了 Jose，这些公司为巴塞拉纳学生银行成员带来的所有东西支付高于市场的价格。19D细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“the youngster from Arequipa，Peru came upwith the innovative idea of an ecobank，which allows kids of all ages to gain economicindependencewhile also helping the environment”可知，该银行的目的是让孩子们帮助保护环境和变得经济独立。故选 D。20A细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Once accepted，all bank partners are required todeposit(存储)at least one additional kilogram of recyclables on a monthly basis and meet otherrequirements，such as attending financial education and environmental management workshops.”可知，所有银行的“合作伙伴”必须每月至少额外存放一公斤可回收物品，并满足其他要求，例如参加金融教育和环境管理研讨会。故选 A。21C句意理解题。根据后文“By 2013，the bank had over 200 members who brought in oneton of recyclable waste.Today，the ecobank，which now has the support of several localinstitutions，has ten educational centers.”可知，到 2013 年，生态银行已有 200 多名成员，他们带来了一吨可回收垃圾。如今，生态银行已经得到了好几个当地机构的支持，拥有十个教育中心。由此可知生态银行给社会带来了贡献，即画线部分的意思是：作为生态银行成员的孩子们虽然年轻，但是可以为社会做贡献。故选 C。22D推理判断题。通读全文可知，多亏了 Jose，这些公司为生态银行成员带来的东西支付高于市场的价格，从而使得银行成员有了增加，并得到了当地机构和教育中心的支持，可知 Jose 是“有影响力的”。generous 大方的；crazy 疯狂的；flexible 灵活的；influential 有影响力的，故选 D。.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英语全球化的原因。23F根据空格前一句“如今大多数人见到外国人时说英语”和空格后一句“把英语当作第二外语的人比母语是英语的人多”可知，F 项“它(英语)已经成为新的国际语言”承上启下，符合语境。故选 F。24G根据第一段最后一句“Why is this？”以及第二段中的“One of them is that”，“Anotherimportant reason is that”可知，空格处应是讲英语受欢迎的原因。G 项“英语这么受欢迎有许多原因”承上启下，符合语境。故选 G。25C根据空格前一句“另一个重要的原因是受欢迎的美国文化迅速席卷全球，如电影、音乐和麦当劳”可知，C 项“它(美国文化)带来了自己的语言”与上文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选 C。26 D根据空格前一句“英语在全世界传播得这么快是好还是不好”和空格后一句“地球上的人有一门共同的语言是很重要的”可知，空格后的内容应是对空格前一句的肯定。D 项“这个问题毫无疑问”承上启下，符合语境。D 项中“the question”指代空格前一句提出的问题。故选D。27 B根据空格前一句“科学家们已经努力创造了一种世界语言”和空格后一句“世界语不流行”可知，B 项“但是它(世界语)已经不流行了”承上启下，符合语境。故选 B。