2015年12月大学英语六级考试真题（三）.pdf

2015 年 12 月大学英语六级考试真题(三） Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions： For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should focus on the harm caused by misleading information online. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡答题卡 1 上作答。 Part Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions： In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡答题卡 1 上作答。 1. A) She has completely recovered. C) She is still in a critical condition. B) She went into shock after an operation. D) She is getting much better. 2. A) Ordering a breakfast. C) Buying a train ticket. B) Booking a hotel room. D) Fixing a compartment. 3. A) Most borrowers never returned the books to her. B) The man is the only one who brought her book back. C) She never expected anyone to return the books to her. D) Most of the books she lent out came back without jackets. 4. A) She left her work early to get some bargains last Saturday. B) She attended the supermarkets grand opening ceremony. C) She drove a full hour before finding a parking space. D) She failed to get into the supermarket last Saturday. 5. A) He is bothered by the pain in his neck. C) He cannot afford to have a coffee break. B) He cannot do his report without a computer. D) He feels sorry to have missed the report. 6. A) Only top art students can show their works in the gallery. B) The gallery space is big enough for the mans paintings. C) The woman would like to help with the exhibition layout. D) The man is uncertain how his art works will be received. I just feel unfortunate to live in a world with so much misleading information! 2 7. A) The woman needs a temporary replacement for her assistant. B) The man works in the same department as the woman does. C) The woman will have to stay in hospital for a few days. D) The man is capable of dealing with difficult people. 8. A) It was better than the previous one. C) It exaggerated the citys economic problems. B) It distorted the mayors speech. D) It reflected the opinions of most economists. Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 9. A) To inform him of a problem they face. C) To discuss the content of a project report. B) To request him to purchase control desks. D) To ask him to fix the dictating machine. 10. A) They quote the best price in the market. C) They cannot deliver the steel sheets on time. B) They manufacture and sell office furniture. D) They cannot produce the steel sheets needed. 11. A) By marking down the unit price. C) By allowing more time for delivery. B) By accepting the penalty clauses. D) By promising better after-sales service. 12. A) Give the customer a ten percent discount. B) Claim compensation from the steel suppliers. C) Ask the Buying Department to change suppliers. D) Cancel the contract with the customer. Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 13. A) Stockbroker. B) Physicist. C) Mathematician. D) Economist. 14. A) Improve computer programming. C) Predict global population growth. B) Explain certain natural phenomena. D) Promote national financial health. 15. A) Their different educational backgrounds. C) Chaos theory and its applications. B) Changing attitudes toward nature. D) The current global economic crisis. Section B Directions： In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B)，C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡答题卡 1 1 上上作答。 Passage One Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. 16. A) They lay great emphasis on hard work. C) They require high academic degrees. B) They name 150 star engineers each year. D) They have people with a very high IQ. 17. A) Long years of job training. C) Distinctive academic qualifications. B) High emotional intelligence. D) Devotion to the advance of science. 18. A) Good interpersonal relationships. C) Sophisticated equipment. B) Rich working experience. D) High motivation. Passage Two Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. 19. A) A diary. C) A history textbook. B) A fairy tale. D) A biography. 20. A) He was a sports fan. C) He disliked school. B) He loved adventures. D) He liked hair-raising stories. 21. A) Encourage people to undertake adventures. C) Raise peoples environmental awareness. 3 B) Publicize his colorful and unique life stories. D) Attract people to Americas national parks. Passage Three Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. 22. A) The first infected victim. C) The doctor who first identified it. B) A coastal village in Africa. D) A river running through the Congo. 23. A) They exhibit similar symptoms. C) They have almost the same mortality rate B) They can be treated with the same drug. D) They have both disappeared for good. 24. A) By inhaling air polluted with the virus. C) By drinking water from the Congo River. B) By contacting contaminated body fluids. D) By eating food grown in Sudan and Zaire. 25. A) More strains will evolve from the Ebola virus. B) Scientists will eventually find cures for Ebola. C) Another Ebola epidemic may erupt sooner or later. D) Once infected, one will become immune to Ebola. Section C Directions： In this section, you will hear a passage three time. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡答题卡 1 上作答。 The ideal companion machine would not only look, feel, and sound friendly but would also be programmed to behave in an agreeable manner. Those 26 that make interaction with other people enjoyable would be simulated as closely as possible, and the machine would 27 charming, stimulating, and easygoing. Its informal conversational style would make interaction comfortable, and yet the machine would remain slightly 28 and therefore interesting. In its first encounter it might be somewhat hesitant and unassuming, but as it came to know the user it would progress to a more 29 and intimate style. The machine would not be a passive 30 but would add its own suggestions, information, and opinions; it would sometimes 31 in developing or changing the topic and would have a personality of its own. The machine would convey presence. We have all seen how a computers use of personal names often 32 people and leads them to treat the machine as if it were almost human. Such features are easily written into the software. By introducing 33 forcefulness and humor, the machine could be presented as a vivid and unique character. Friendships are not made in a day, and the computer would be more acceptable as a friend if it 34 the gradual changes that occur when one person is getting to know another. At an 35 time it might also express the kind of affection that stimulates attachment and intimacy. Part Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Directions： In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage. As it is, sleep is so undervalued that getting by on fewer hours has become a badge of honor. Plus, we live in a culture that 36 to the late-nighter, from 24-hour grocery stores to online shopping sites that never close. Its no surprise, then, that more than half of American adults dont get the 7 to 9 hours of shut-eye every night as 37 by sleep experts. 4 Whether or not we can catch up on sleepon the weekend, say is a hotly 38 topic among sleep researchers. The latest evidence suggests that while it isnt 39 , it might help. When Liu, the UCLA sleep researcher and professor of medicine, brought 40 sleep-restricted people into the lab for a weekend of sleep during which they logged about 10 hours per night, they showed 41 in the ability of insulin（胰岛素） to process blood sugar. That suggests that catch-up sleep may undo some but not all of the damage that sleep 42 causes, which is encouraging, given how many adults dont get the hours they need each night. Still, Liu isnt 43 to endorse the habit of sleeping less and making up for it later. Sleeping pills, while helpful for some, are not 44 an effective remedy either. “A sleeping pill will 45 one area of the brain, but theres never going to be a perfect sleeping pill, because you couldnt really replicate（复制） the different chemicals moving in and out of different parts of the brain to go through the different stages of sleep,” says Dr. Nancy Collop, director of the Emory University Sleep Center. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。 Section B Directions： In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. Climate change may be real, but its still not easy being green How do we convince our inner caveman to be greener? We ask some outstanding social scientists. A) The road to climate hell is paved with our good intentions. Politicians may tackle polluters while scientists do battle with carbon emissions. But the most pervasive problem is less obvious: our own behaviour. We get distracted before we can turn down the heating. We break our promise not to fly after hearing about a neighbours trip to India. Ultimately, we cant be bothered to change our attitude. Fortunately for the planet, social science and behavioural economics may be able to do that for us. B) Despite mournful polar bears and charts showing carbon emissions soaring, most people find it hard to believe that global warming will affect them personally. Recent polls by the Pew Research Centre in Washington, DC, found that 75-80 percent of participants regarded climate change as an important issue. But respondents ranked it last on a list of priorities. C) This inconsistency largely stems from a feeling of powerlessness. “When we cant actually remove the source of our fear, we tend to adapt psychologically by adopting a range of defence mechanisms,” says Tom Crompton, change strategist for the environmental organisation World Wide Fund for Nature. D) Part of the fault lies with our inner caveman. Evolution has programmed humans to pay most attention to issues that will have an immediate impact. “We worry most about now because if we dont survive for the next minute, were not going to be around in ten years time,” says Professor Elke Weber of the Centre for Research on Environmental Decisions at Columbia University in New York. If the Thames were lapping around Big Ben, Londoners would face up to the problem of emissions pretty quickly. But in practice, our brain discounts the risks and benefitsassociated with issues that lie some way ahead. E) Matthew Rush worth, of the Department of Experimental Psychology at the University of Oxford, sees this in his lab every A) alternatively F) ideal K) presumption B) caters G) improvements L) ready C) chronically H) necessarily M) recommended D) debated I) negotiated N) surpasses E) deprivation J) pierce O) target 5 day. “One of the ways in which all agents seem to make decisions is that they assign a lower weighting to outcomes that are going to be further away in the future,” he says. “This is a very sensible way for an animal to make decisions in the wild and would have been very helpful for humans for thousands of years.” F) Not any longer. By the time we wake up to the threat posed by climate change, it could well be too late. And if were not going to make rational decisions about the future, others may have to help us to do so. G) Few political libraries are without a copy of Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth and Happiness, by Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein. They argue that governments should persuade us into making better decisions一such as saving more in our pension plansby changing the default options. Professor Weber believes that environmental policy can make use of similar tactics. If, for example, building codes included green construction guidelines, most developers would be too lazy to challenge them. H) Defaults are certainly part of the solution. But social scientists are most concerned about crafting messages that exploit our group mentality （心态）. “We need to understand what motivates people, what it is that allows them to make change,” says Professor Neil Adger, of the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research in Norwich. “It is actually about what their peers think of them, what their social norms are, what is seen as desirable in society. In other words, our inner caveman is continually looking over his shoulder to see what the rest of the tribe are up to. I) The passive attitude we have to climate change as individuals can be altered by counting us in and measuring us againstour peer group. “Social norms are primitive and elemental,” says Dr. Robert Cialdini, author of Influence： The Psychology of Persuasion. “Birds flock together, fish school together, cattle herd together. .just perceiving norms is enough to cause people to adjust their behaviour in the direction of the crowd. J) These norms can take us beyond good intentions. Cialdinr conducted a study in San Diego in which coat hangers bearing messages about saving energy were hung on peoples doors. Some of the messages mentioned the environment, some financial savings, others social responsibility. But it was the ones that mentioned the actions of neighbours that drove down power use. K) Other studies show that simply providing the facility for people to compare their energy use with the local average is enough to cause them to modify their be