状语从句讲解和练习精选PPT.ppt

关于状语从句讲解和练习第1页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二1.时间状语从句1)由连词由连词when,while,as,as soon as,before,after,since,till/until等等引导。引导。主句用将来时，从句常用一般现在主句用将来时，从句常用一般现在时表将来时表将来I will tell him when he comes back.第2页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二2)while,when,as辨析辨析While引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句只指一段时间只指一段时间，强，强调某一段时间内，主从句动作调某一段时间内，主从句动作同时同时发生。发生。从句动词常是从句动词常是延续性延续性的的 When既可以指既可以指一个时间点一个时间点,也可以是一段时间，也可以是一段时间，可表示主从句的动作可表示主从句的动作同时同时或或先后先后发生。从句发生。从句动词动词可以是延续性可以是延续性的，的，也可以是非延续性也可以是非延续性的。的。As强调主句强调主句从句动作相并发生从句动作相并发生,译为译为”一边一边一边一边”第3页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二When he returned,his wife was cooking.While he was reading,his wife was cooking.He hurried home,looking behind as he went.第4页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二对比训练1_heheardthis,hegotveryangry.2.ImetLucy_Iwaswalkingalongtheriver.3._achild,helivedinthecountryside.A.whenB.whileC.as第5页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二另外另外,when/while还作并列连词还作并列连词,连接并列分句连接并列分句,while表示表示“而而,可是可是”如如:IlikereadingwhilemywifeenjoyswatchingTV.when表示表示“就在这时就在这时”在下列结构中，表示某件事在下列结构中，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生，另一动作同时发生。正在发生或刚刚发生，另一动作同时发生。1.be about to do when2.be doing when3.had done whene.g.We were about to start when it began to rain.I was playing computer games when mom came in.第6页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二while的用法小结的用法小结：While I was walking down the street,I came across an old friend.(while=_)He likes pop music,while I am fond of folk music.(whileWhile I really dont like art,I find his work impressive.(while=_)whenalthoughbutbut第7页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二Wewereabouttoleave_itbegantorain.2.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherson,_,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmyson.3.HardlyhadIfinishedmycomposition_thebellrang.A.whenB.whileC.asD.during第8页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二3)until/till(不用于句首不用于句首)“延续的动词（延续的动词（肯定式肯定式）+until”表示表示“直直到到为止为止”I waited for him until he came back.“非延续性动词（非延续性动词（否定式否定式）+until”表示表示“直到直到 才才”He didnt go to bed until he finished his work.Not until he saw it himself did he believe it.注意注意:not until 在句首时要倒装在句首时要倒装第9页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二4)表示表示“一一就就”的句型的句型(1)as soon as,once,the moment/minute/second,immediately/directly/instantlyAs soon as he comes,Ill tell him.The moment I saw him,I recognized him.I left immediately the clock struck 5.(2)on/upon doing/on(upon)ones+nOn arriving at the station,the thief was arrested.On his arrival in Paris,he was recognized as a famous person.第10页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二5)Every time,each time等也可以引导等也可以引导时间状语从句时间状语从句Every time I caught a cold,I had pain in my head.(3)no sooner than/hardly when/scarcely whenNo sooner had they reached home than it started to rain.Hardly had I entered the room when the telephone rang.第11页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二连接词连接词before的小结：的小结：1.We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.2.We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.4.Before I could get in a word,he had measured me.“才才才才”“不到不到不到不到就就就就”“还没来得及还没来得及还没来得及还没来得及”It will be a long time beforeIt wont be long beforeIt is/has been two years since sb did sth.第12页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二一、若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是终止性的过去时，则从句表示的时间是“从动作开始的那一时刻起”。如：Hehasstudiedveryhardsincehecametoourschool.自从他来到我们学校，他学习就非常努力。Wehavebeenmissingthemsincetheylefthere自从他们离开这里，我们就一直很想念他们。第14页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二二、若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是持续性动词或表示状态的动词的过去时时，则从句表示的时间是“从那持续动作或状态结束时算起”。如：IhaventheardanynoisesinceIslept.Sleep为持续性动词，sleep的动作结束时，即“醒来”时，这句应译为“我醒后还未听到任何声音”。JohnisnowwithhisparentsinNewYork,itisalreadythreeyearssincehewasateacher约翰现在和父母一起住在纽约，他不当教师已经三年了。第15页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二HowlongisitsinceyoulivedinShanghai?你离开（没住在）上海多久了延续性；不多长时间了ItishalfamonthsincehewasaLeaguemember.他退团（不当团员）半个月了。ItsbeenquitesometimesinceIwaslastinLondon我离开伦敦已很长时间了。比较：HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIwasill.自从我病愈以来，他屡次给我写信。（从句谓语为状态动词）HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIfellill.自从我生病以来，他就屡次给我写信。（从句谓语为终止性动词）第16页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二llletyouknow_hecomesback.A.beforeB.becauseC.assoonasD.although It is about ten years _ I met you last.A.since B.forB.C.when D.as_ we got to the station,the train had left already.A.If B.Unless C.Since D.When第17页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二We didnt go home _ we finished the work.A.since B.until C.because D.though.Hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismeal_afamiliarvoicecametohisears.A.whyB.whereC.whenD.whileItwasnot_shetookoffherdarkglasses_Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.A.when;thatB.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;then第18页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears_itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.A.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.wheWhydidntyoutellhimaboutthemeeting?Herushedoutoftheroom_Icouldsayaword.A.beforeB.untilC.whenD.after第19页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二_Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.UnlessDidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?Yes.Igaveittoher_Isawher.A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.once第20页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二2.让步状语从句让步状语从句 引导词有：引导词有：although,though,even if/though,as,while（尽管）（尽管）whetheror(无论无论还是还是),whoever=no matter who whenever=no matter whenwhatever=no matter whatwherever=no matter wherehowever=no matter how第21页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二1)as 引导的让步从句要倒装，句型为：引导的让步从句要倒装，句型为：形容词形容词/副词副词/名词（不带冠词）名词（不带冠词）/动词（原动词（原形）形）+主语主语+谓语谓语Young as he is,he knows a lot.Much as I like it,I cant afford it.Farmer as he is,he is well-educated.Try as I might,I couldnt lift the stone.2）although不倒装，不倒装，though可倒装也可不可倒装也可不倒装倒装,as 必须倒装必须倒装 Although/Though he was ill he didnt stop working.第22页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二3）no matter+疑问句引导让步状语从句疑问句引导让步状语从句No matter what happened,he shouldnt mind.=Whatever happened,he shouldnt mind.No matter who you are,you should obey the social rules.=Whoever you are,you should 4)whether orWhether you believe it or not,it is true.whether or不管不管还是还是a.Whethertheweatherisgoodorbad,theywillsetoffastheyplanned.B.Whetherhedrivesortakesthetrain,hewillbehereontime.第23页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二1、Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,_difficultitwas.A.howeverB.nomatterC.whateverDalthough2、Theoldtowermustbesaved,_thecost.AhoweverBwhateverCwhicheverDwherever对比训练31.Child_sheis,sheknowalot.2.Hedidtheexperiment_hewastold.3.Thepianosintheothershopwillbecheaper,butnot_good.A.duringB.asC.soD.thoughE.bothBandC第24页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二3.地点状语从句地点状语从句引导词有引导词有:where,wherever注意：不要混同于注意：不要混同于where 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句与定语从句的区别：与定语从句的区别：where引导定语从句，从引导定语从句，从句前有一个表示地点的名词。句前有一个表示地点的名词。Go back where you came from.Go back to the village where you came from.(有志者，事竟成）有志者，事竟成）Ill follow you wherever you go.Where there is a will,there is a way.第25页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二Whenyoureadthebook,youdbettermakeamark_youhaveanyquestion.AatwhichBatwhereCtheplacewhereDwhereWhenyoureadthebook,youdbettermakeamarkattheplace_youhaveanyquestion.AwhichBatwhereCtheplacewhereDwhere第26页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二4.原因状语从句原因状语从句由由because,since,now that,as引导。引导。(1).because 语气最强，用来回答语气最强，用来回答why提问，可提问，可用在强调句型中用在强调句型中,引导的从句表示直接的、根本引导的从句表示直接的、根本的原的原yin It was because he was ill that he didnt go with us.(2).Since语气比语气比because弱，表示关系上的自然结弱，表示关系上的自然结果，一般译成果，一般译成“既然，鉴于既然，鉴于”（往往放于主句之前）（往往放于主句之前）表示显然的或已知的原表示显然的或已知的原因因.Since no one is against it,lets carry out the plan.（既然没人反对（既然没人反对,)第27页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二(3).as语气最弱，只说明一般的因果关系（可放语气最弱，只说明一般的因果关系（可放于主句之前，也可放于主句之后）于主句之前，也可放于主句之后）Wear strong shoes as we shall do a lot of walking today.与与since没多大区别没多大区别(4).for也可以表示原因，不是说明直接原因，也可以表示原因，不是说明直接原因，而是对某种情况加以推倒，用于表示而是对某种情况加以推倒，用于表示补充说明补充说明理由。理由。He must be ill,for he is absent today.(5).now that用来说明一种新情况，然后加以用来说明一种新情况，然后加以推理，推理，now that放于句首时，放于句首时，that可省略。可省略。Now(that)everybody is here,lets begin.第28页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二_thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.AsHetookoffhiscoat_hefelthot.A.becauseB.asC.ifD.since第29页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二5.目的状语从句目的状语从句引导词：引导词：in order that,so that(为了）为了）,for fear that,in case,谓语动词常含有谓语动词常含有can,could,may,might,will,would等情态动等情态动词。词。Ill speak slowly so that everybody can understand me.He wrote the name down for fear that(in case)he would forget.第30页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二in casein case与与与与for fear thatfor fear thatI will have to stay at home this evening _ my teacher comes.Students of Class 13 are working hard theses days _ they might fail the exam.in casefor fear thatbecause of the possibility of sth happeningto avoid the danger of sth happening第31页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二Annlistenedcarefully_shecoulddiscoverwhatsheneeded.A.suchthatB.inorderthatC.becauseD.eventhough11.Ihurried_Iwouldntbelateforclass.A.sinceB.sothatC.asifD.unless第32页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二6.结果状语从句：结果状语从句：引导词有：引导词有：sothat,suchthat,so that 常用句型：常用句型：1)so+adj.(adv.)+that2)so+adj.+a(an)+n.+that3)Such+a(an)+adj.+n.+that4)Such+adj.+n(s)+thatHe spoke so fast that I couldnt follow him.It was such a good day that we all went swimming.第33页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二Heleftin_ahurry_heforgottolockthedoor.A.such,thatB.so,thatB.C.such,asD.so,when.Farmers rotate(轮作)their crops _ the soil will remain fertile.A.so that B.because of C.in order to D.rather than It was _ a hundred people looked lost in it.A.so large a room that B.so large roomC.a such large room D.such large a roomHe has _ little education that he cant teach _ little children.A.so;such B.too;such C.a;so D.very;so 第34页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二7.条件状语从句条件状语从句1.由由if,unless(=if not),so/as long as(只要只要),suppose/supposing(假设，如果假设，如果),in case(以防以防),on condition that,only if ,if only引导。引导。e.g.You may use the room as long as you clean it up afterwards.2.“祈使句祈使句+and/or/or else/otherwise”引导的结果句，祈使句在实际意义上相当引导的结果句，祈使句在实际意义上相当于条件状语从句。于条件状语从句。Use you head,and you will find a way.Get up now,or you will be late.第35页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二1、TheWTOcannotliveuptoitsname_itdoesnotincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind.AaslongasBwhileCifDeventhough2、Itisknowntoallthat_youexerciseregularly,youwontkeepgoodhealth.A.unlessB.wheneverC.althoughD.ifunless相当于ifnot，意思是“除非”“如果不就”。这也是高考的热点之一。复习时也应给予高度重视。1、_Icansee,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger.A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.JustasD.Evenif2、IalwaystakesomethingtoreadwhenIgotothedoctors_Ihavetowait.AincaseBsothatCinorderDasif第36页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二8.方式状语从句方式状语从句 引导词有引导词有:as(如同如同),as if/though(好像好像)They are talking as if(as though)they were old friends.注意：注意：as，like 都表示都表示“像像”，I work as others do.I work like others.as 是连词是连词，后加句子，后加句子 like 是介词，后加名词、代词、名词短语是介词，后加名词、代词、名词短语第37页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二9.比较状语从句比较状语从句由由as as,not as/soas,than,the more the moreHe ran as far as he could.The harder you try,the better you will understand.第38页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二四四.状状语语从句的从句的时态问题时态问题问题1：1、The house could fall down soon if no one_ some quick repair work.A has done B is doing C does D had done 2、It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time.A.before B.since C.after D.when 在条件，时间和让步从句中，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用现在完成时表将来完成时，用一般过去时表过去将来时。在 since 引导的时间状语从句中，动词一般都用一般过去时，而主句常用现在完成时。第39页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二五、状五、状语语从句的倒装从句的倒装问题问题问题问题1：1、So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English.A.I have felt B.have I felt C.I did feel D.did I feel2、Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was.A.did the villagers realize B.the villagers realized C.the villagers did realize D.didnt the villagers realize第40页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二感感谢谢大大家家观观看看第41页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期二