最新there-be-句型和have-has用法及练习.doc

Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-datethere-be-句型和have-has用法及练习there be 句型和have has用法及练习there be 句型和have has用法及练习There be句型的基本用法 ：  一、There be句型的基本用法是表示“某地(或某时)存在有某人(或某物)，而并非某地(某人、某物或某时)拥有什么东西”，其形式为“There be代词或名词(短语)地点/时间状语”。(其实质句式为倒装句)这里there是引导词，没有词义，be是谓语动词，代词或名词(短语)是主语。be要与主语保持人称和数的一致即主谓一致采用就近原则。否定句是在be后加not；一般疑问句是将be放在句首；反意疑问句中的简短问句是由“be(或其否定式)there”构成。例如：1.There is a desk and two chairs in the room.2.There aren't two chairs and a desk in the room.3.Is there anything wrong with your ears？(Yes，there is/No，there isn't.)4.There wasn't a meeting yesterday，was there？练习如：1、(1)There is _ on the floor.(2)There are _ on the floor.选项：A.cat B.water C.boxes D.football 2、(1)There _ an apple and three oranges on the table.(2)_ there three oranges and an apple on the table?选项：A.is B.are 二、主语后的动词形式：在there be 句型中，主语与动词是主动关系时用现在分词；是被动关系时用过去分词。如：1、There is a purse lying on the ground. 地上有一个钱包2、There are five minutes left now. 现在还有5分钟。三、There be与have所表示的意义：There be句型表示“存在”关系，have表示“所属”关系，两者不能混合在一个句子中。例如：(1)There will have a class meeting tomorrow.(×）(2)There is going to/will be a class meeting tomorrow.() 有时候既表示“存在”又表示“所属”时，两种都可以用。例如：（1）、Class Three have a map of China on the wall.（2）、There is a map of China on the wall in Class Three.四、 There be句型常用的时态形式：there will be;there is/are;there was/were;there has/have been;there had been 五、 there be后接不定式时常用主动形式表示被动意义。如：There is a lot of work to do. 注意：当该句型主语是something, anything, nothing等不定代词时，后面的不定式用主动形式或被动形式，意义各不同。如：1、There is nothing to do. 没有事可做。2、There is nothing to be done. 没有办法(束手无策)。六、 There be句型与不定式结构连用，如：be about to (就要), be certain to (一定会), be going to (将要),be likely to (可能), be to (要), have to (必须), used to (过去常), appear/seem(似乎），happen to （恰好)等。例如：1. There used to be a grocery store on the corner.2. There is certain to be something wrong with the engine.3. There appears to have been a dangerous accident. 七、There be句型中的替换词有：come (来), develop (产生), exist (存在), fall (落下), follow (跟随), happen (发生), lie (躺着), live (住着), occur (发生), remain (还有), rise (升起),stand (站着)等不及物动词表事实存在。这些动词可以有时态变化。例如：1. There fell a deep silence.突然一片寂静。2. There remains one more test to be carried out before putting the instrument into operation.在使用这一设备之前要完成一项试验。3. Not long after this, there occurred a sudden revolution in public taste.此后不久，公众的情趣发生了突然的变化。4. There stands at the center of the square the Monument to the Peoples Heroes.在广场的中央矗立着人民英雄纪念碑。八、There be句型有不定式(there to be)、现在分词和动名词形式(there being)，在句中用作主语、宾语、定语或状语等。例如：1. There being a bus stop so near the house is a great advantage.2. I dont want there to be any misunderstanding.3. No one would have dreamt of there being such a fine place.4. There being no bus, we had to walk home.5、 For there to be a mistake in a computer's arithmetic is impossible. 计算机计算错误是不可能的。 6、 It was seldom for there to be no late comers. 新来者很少没有迟到的。九、 there be构成的固定句型：1、There is（no）difficulty /trouble in doing sth./There are problems in doing sth.干某事(没)有困难。 2、There is not a moment to lose. 一刻也不能耽误。3、There is no point in v-ing：干某事没道理，没意义,没必要4、There is no sense in v-ing：毫无道理5、 There is no need to v：没有必要6、There is no v-ing（常用动词为saying/telling/knowing/denying等）：不可能，无法。（意思相当于It is impossible to+v）7、There is no doubt that毫无疑问8、There is nobody but do sth没有人不。 <例如>：1、There is no trouble in hiding that fact from him 对他隐瞒那个事实没什么困难。2、There is no point in arguing further再争下去也没用。3、Is there any point in going on？有必要再继续下去吗？4、There was no need for him to remain in Shanghai他没有必要再留在上海。5、There was no sense in making a child suffer like that让一个孩子受那样的苦是毫无道理的。6、There was no mistaking his intentions this time这回不可能看错他的意图。7、Once let this fellow start talking，there was no stopping him一旦让这个家伙谈起来，就无法让他停下来了。8、There is no doubt that I can pass the exam.毫无疑问我能通过这次考试。9、There is none of us but want to enter a good college.我们中没有哪一个不想考入一所好大学。10、There is no denying that the earth goes around the sun.不可否认地球是绕着太阳转的。11、There is no telling when he will be back.无法知道他什么时候回来。12、There is no knowing what he is doing. 无法知道他在做什么。There be 句型与have, has的区别1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is ; 主语是复数，be 动词用are ;如有几件物品，be 动词根据最*近be 动词的那个名词决定。3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑问句。6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑问句。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： Whats + 介词短语？ 请填入 have/has/there is/   there are （本项积分20，每题1分）1. I_a good father and a good mother.2. _a telescope on the desk.3. He_a tape-recorder.4. _a basketball in the playground.5. She_some dresses.6. They_a nice garden.7. What do you_?8. _a reading-room in the building?  9. What does Mike_?10. _any books in the bookcase?11. My father_a story-book.12. _a story-book on the table.13. _any flowers in the vase?14. How many students_in the classroom?15. My parents_some nice pictures.16. _some maps on the wall.17. _a map of the world on the wall.18. David_a telescope.19. Davids friends_some tents.20. _many children on the hill.there be 句型注意事项： There be句型的基本用法是表示“某地(或某时)存在有某人(或某物)，而并非某地(某人、某物或某时)拥有什么东西”，其形式为“There be代词或名词(短语)地点/时间状语”。(其实质句式为倒装句)这里there是引导词，没有词义，be是谓语动词，代词或名词(短语)是主语。be要与主语保持人称和数的一致。否定句是在be后加not；一般疑问句是将be放在句首；注意疑问句中的简短问句是由“be(或其否定式)there”构成。例如：1.There is a desk and two chairs in the room.(紧挨着be动词的主语是a desk，是单数，故be的形式要用is)2.There aren't two chairs and a desk in the room.(否定句)3.Is there anything wrong with your ears？(Yes，there is/No，there isn't.)4.There wasn't a meeting yesterday，was there？(反意疑问句)除此之外，还有一个重要句式“有某人在做某事”，要用“There besb.doing sth.地点/时间状语”。例如：There are several children swimming in the river.河里有几个孩子在游泳。不难看出，各种时态的变化是通过be动词的变化来体现的。我们在使用过程中，首要的问题是弄清楚There be与have所表示的意义。There be句型表示“存在”关系，have表示“所属”关系，两者不能混合在一个句子中。例如：我们要说“明天有一个班会。”(1)There will have a class meeting tomorrow.(×）(2)There is going to/will be a class meeting tomorrow.()有时候既表示“存在”又表示“所属”时，两种都可以用。例如：Class Three have a map of China on the wall.(地图为三班学生所有。)There is a map of China on the wall in Class Three.(地图存在于三班。)由此看来，There will have是错误的搭配方式。使用There be句型时除了掌握基础知识外，还应注意以下问题：1.There be句型的考查更多的是将be动词与主语结合在一起进行的，即主谓的一致性。例如：(1)There is _ on the floor.(2)There are _ on the floor.选项：A.cat B.water C.boxes D.football解析：(1)由is可知主语应是可数名词单数或不可数名词，而A、D项中都缺少冠词a，故选B，同理可知(2)应选C。2.如果作主语的是一个短语，则常常考查短语中的修饰语。可数名词的复数形式前可以用any，some，few，a few，many或用数词hundred/thousand/million，hundreds/thousands/millions of，no等修饰；不可数名词可以受any，some，no，little，a little，much等词的修饰。例如：(1)There were_students in our school.A.hundreds B.eight hundredC.eight hundreds of(2)There is _water.You needn't get some more.A.few B.little C.much解析：(1)由数词与名词的搭配关系可知选B，(2)由water可知排除A项，再由后一句意思便知选C。3.注意不定代词的用法。(1)不定代词在句中作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：There is nothing in the fridge.(2)不定代词受形容词修饰时要放在形容词前面。例如：There is something interesting in today's newspaper.4.There be句型的反意疑问句，要注意陈述部分的形式。如果陈述部分含有little，few，no，nobody，none等否定词时，后面的简短问句中要用肯定形式。例如：There is nobody in the room，is there？但有的含有否定意义的形容词修饰不定代词时则仍看做肯定句式。例如：There is something unusual in the room，isn't there？5.要注意句子前后意思的一致性。有的句子单独看其意义时，可能不止一个选项适合于它，但如果联系上下句的意思则只能有一个恰当的选项。例如：(1)There is _ food.You needn't buy any.A.any B.some C.no(2) There is _ food.You have to buy some.A.any B.some C.no从这两题中的第一个句子来看均可选用some和no，但与后面的句意结合看，答案则是唯一的：(1)B；(2)C。6.There be句型还有就近一致原则：即be动词的数应与离它最近的一个主语保持一致。例如：用be动词的适当形式填空(1)There _ an apple and three oranges on the table.(2)_ there three oranges and an apple on the table?解析：(1)因为该句中an apple才是与be动词接近的主语，而并非an apple and three oranges是句子的主语，故而(1)的答案应为is。(2)因为该句中three oranges才是与be动词接近的主语，而并非three oranges and an apple是句子的主语，故而(2)的答案应为Are。There be句型命题趋向有两个方面：一是进一步加强对知识的理解与运用方面的考查。例如be动词与主语的一致性、名词或代词的修饰语、搭配关系、含否定词的反意疑问句等。二是有可能出现“有某人在做某事”这一句型，即“There besb.doing sth.地点/时间状语”。另外，还得提醒一下同学们，如果要表达诸如“这里/那里(挺漂亮)等”这样的修饰句型，应用“Its here/there.”而不是“Here/there is”。中考原题1.Oh，there isn't enough _ for us in the lift.It doesn't matter，let's wait for the next.A.ground B.floor C.place D.room2.There _ an English Evening next Tuesday.A.was B.will beC.will have D.are going to be3.There _ a football game in our school.A.has B.will have C.will be4.There is going to _ a report _ Chinese history in our school this evening.A.have；on B.be；onC.have；for D.be；of5.There is _ food here.We'll have to buy some.A.any B.some C.no6.There are _ days in a week.A.the seven B.seventhC.the seventh D.seven7.There are few _ in the fridge.Let's go and buy some peas，carrots and cabbages.A.vegetables B.fruitC.meat D.eggs8.Look！There are some _ on the floor.A.child B.water C.boxes D.girl9.There were two _ people at yesterday's meeting.A.hundreds B.hundreds ofC.hundred10.The letter from my uncle was short.There wasn't _ news.A.many B.a fewC.much D.few参考答案15 D B C B C610 D A C C C-