2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit5Thepowerofnature课后达标检测新人教版选修6.doc

1UnitUnit 5 5 TheThe powerpower ofof naturenature(建议用时：35 分钟).阅读理解A A(2020陕西部分学校摸底)A biologist once criticized for stealing eggs from thenests of the rarest bird in the world has been awarded the“Nobel Prize”ofconservation after his methods saved nine species from extinction.Professor Carl Jones won the 2016 Indianapolis Prizethe highest accolade inthe field of animal conservationfor his 40 years of work in Mauritius,where hesaved an endangered kestrel(红隼)from becoming the next Great Auk.When the 65yearold first travelled to the east African island in the 1970s,he was told to close down a project to save the Mauritius kestrel.At the time therewere just four left in the wild,making it the rarest bird on Earth.However,hestayed,using the techniques of captive breeding(人工繁殖),which involvedsnatching eggs from the birds nests and hatching them under incubators(孵化器),prompting the mothers to lay another set of eggs in the wild.A decade later,the number of Mauritius kestrels had soared to over 300 and todaythere are around 400 in the wild.The biologist has also made an effort to bringother rare species back from the edge of extinction,including the pink pigeon,echoparakeet and Rodrigues warbler.Prof.Jones was awarded the$250，000 prize at a ceremony in London.“As a young man in my 20s,I certainly didnt enjoy the stress and the tensionof the criticism I received.”Reflecting on the start of his career,he said theMauritius kestrel project had been seen as a“dead loss”at the time.In the 1970sthere was fierce opposition to the captive breeding techniques,with critics arguingthat they were too risky and took the emphasis off breeding in the wild.Prof.Jones has devoted his whole life to his work,only becoming a father forthe first time at 53.He said receiving the prize was particularly important to him,because it proved that his work to save birds was right.【解题导语】卡尔琼斯教授曾因偷稀缺鸟类的蛋而被指责，但后来在保护动物领域被授予诺贝尔奖，因为他将偷来的蛋进行了人工繁殖，并以此方法挽救了九种濒危物种。1What does the underlined word“accolade”mean in paragraph 2?2AReturn.BLevel.CHonor.DResearch.C C解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“won the 2016 Indianapolis Prize”并结合语境可推知，画线词意为“荣誉”。2According to the passage,Great Auk is _Aan endangered birdBan extinct birdCa popular birdDa fierce birdB B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“he saved an endangered kestrel(红隼)frombecoming the next Great Auk”可推知，Great Auk 是一种已灭绝的鸟。3What can we know from the figures in paragraph 4?ATaking eggs from the nests has worked well.BThe wild environment for kestrel has changed a lot.CKestrel has adapted to the life in the wild.DIts difficult to protect kestrel.A A解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句以及第四段第一句“A decade later,thenumber of Mauritius kestrels had soared to over 300 and today there are around 400in the wild.”可知，当时野生毛里求斯红隼只剩 4 只，琼斯教授采用人工繁殖的方法来救助毛里求斯红隼，10 年后，毛里求斯红隼的数量飙升到 300 多只，如今野生红隼约有 400只。由此可推知，从鸟巢中拿出鸟蛋的方法效果很好。4Prof.Jones idea of taking eggs from the birds nests _Awas proved of no useBwas widely acceptedCwas promoted officiallyDwas criticized by some peopleD D解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“dead loss”及“In the 1970s there wasfierce opposition to the captive breeding techniques.in the wild.”可知，琼斯教授从鸟巢中拿出鸟蛋来进行人工繁殖的方法受到了一些人的批评。B B(2020太原期末)Were often reminded of the importance of preserving theplanet as we see it for future generationsand children at St Oswalds CE PrimarySchool Chester certainly agree.Nineyearold Isobel Kelleher from the schools Hummingbirds class thinksadults need to take note.“Sometimes they can be busy and Idont think they thinkthey can make a difference,but if everyone does a little bit it all adds up，”she3tells HuffPost UK.“We started looking at plastic pollution in our oceans and thethings like plastic bags that are polluting them，”she says.“Fish can eat theplastic and they can die,or we might even eat the fish ourselves.”Mr.Timms,Isobels teacher,has been spearheading a new project at the schoolwhich lets children loose creatively to raise awareness of the need to be moreenvironmentally friendly.The entire Hummingbirds class,which is made up of 9and 10yearold pupils,has been busy writing poems and creating online video advertsto warn adults about the serious situation of our oceans and wildlife.Mr.Timms thinks children have an important role to play in teaching us how totake care of the things around us.“We sometimes overlook how much we can reallylearn from children，”he says.“It has been really hard to believe having parentscome in saying that their children have been asking them to stop using plastic,andto recycle more,and even stopping them using plastic straws.”Mr.Timms is proud of his Hummingbirds class.The message that they would liketo send to world is simple:stopping this isnt someone elses job,and it wont be OK if we just leave it.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“蜂鸟班”积极响应一个环保教育项目。该班由 9 岁和 10 岁的孩子组成，他们通过写诗和制作在线视频广告以提醒成年人注意环保问题。5What can we infer about adults according to Isobel Kelleher?AThey just pretend to be busy.BThey havent done their part well.CThey can do nothing to stop pollution.DThey have started to care about the ocean.B B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的内容，尤其是第一句“Nineyearold IsobelKelleher from the schools Hummingbirds class thinks adults need to take note.”可知，学校“蜂鸟班”里九岁的伊泽贝尔认为成年人需要注意环保问题。据此可推知，成年人在环保问题上没有做得很好，故 B 项正确。6What is the purpose of the school project?ATo help adults to learn more about their kids.BTo remind adults to be friendly to the environment.CTo persuade students to stop using plastic bags.DTo teach students how to write poems creatively.B B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段尾句“The entire Hummingbirds class,which is4made up of 9and 10yearold pupils,has been busy writing poems and creating onlinevideo adverts to warn adults about the serious situation of our oceans andwildlife.”可知，整个“蜂鸟班”由 9 岁和 10 岁的学生组成，他们一直忙着写诗和制作在线视频广告，提醒成年人海洋和野生动物所处的严重处境。据此可知，该项目旨在提醒成年人要注意环保问题，故 B 项正确。7Why does Mr.Timms mention parents in paragraph 4?ATo prove kids are creative in teaching.BTo attract people to support his work.CTo have adults care about education.DTo show the effects of the project.D D解析：推理判断题。根据第四段尾句“It has been really hard to believe havingparents come in saying that their children have been asking them to stop using plastic,and to recycle more,and even stopping them using plastic straws.”可知，真的很难相信有父母说孩子们要求他们停止使用塑料，甚至要求他们停止使用塑料吸管。据此可推知，该段提及父母旨在说明该项目对成年人的影响，故 D 项正确。8What is the text mainly about?AAn inspiring school project.BAn appeal to stop using plastic bags.CSerious situations of our planet.DAdults ignorance of the environment.A A解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第三段第一句“Mr.Timms,Isobelsteacher,has been spearheading a new project at the school which lets children loosecreatively to raise awareness of the need to be more environmentally friendly.”为全文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了“蜂鸟班”积极响应一个环保教育项目，该班由 9 岁和 10 岁的孩子组成，他们通过写诗和制作在线视频广告，提醒成年人注意环保问题。故 A 项正确。【难句分析】Mr.Timms,Isobels teacher,has been spearheading a new projectat the school which lets children loose creatively to raise awareness of the needto be more environmentally friendly.分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句中“which lets children loose creatively to raiseawareness of the need to be more environmentally friendly”为 which 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 a new project,which 在从句中作主语。译文：伊泽贝尔的老师蒂姆斯先生一直在学校领导一个新项目，该项目让孩子们创造性地放松，以增强需要更加环保的意识。5.七选五(2020惠州高三调研)HowHow toto CultivateCultivate Confidence?Confidence?When faced with a big challenge where potential failure seems to appear at everycorner,maybe youll hear this advice:Be more confident.1._ Take the beliefthat you are precious and capable,also known as selfesteem.Confidence turnsthoughts into action.It comes from the genes you are born with,the way people getused to treating you as well as the choices you make.While it isnt possible tocompletely separate these three factors,the personal choices we make obviously playa major role in confidence development.As a result,by keeping certain practicaltips in mind,we do actually have the power to cultivate our own confidence.2_ If youre looking for a longterm change,consider the way you thinkabout your abilities and talents.Do you think they are fixed at birth,or that theycan be developed?These beliefs matter because they can influence how you act inface of setbacks.If you have a fixed mindset,meaning that your talents are lockedin the place,you might give up,assuming youve discovered something youre notgood at.But if you have a growth mindset,and think your abilities can improve,a challenge will become an opportunity to learn and grow.Neuroscience(神经科学)supports the latter.The connections in your brain do get stronger and grow withstudy and practice.3._Practicing failure is a must.Failure happens.4._ J.K.Rowling wasrejected by twelve different publishers before one picked upHarry Potter.The Wrightbrothers built on historys failed attempts at flight before designing a successfulairplane.Studies show that those who fail regularly and keep trying anyway arebetter equipped to respond to challenges in constructive ways.5._ So,thinkof a challenge you want to take on,realize its not going to be easy,accept thatyou ll make mistakes,and be kind to yourself when you do.Youll feel the excitement,knowing that whatever the result,youll have gained greater knowledge andunderstanding.ABut what is confidence?BSo can confidence be easily cultivated?CEveryone is possible to encounter failure.DBeing a talented person is quite necessary.EThey learn to try different strategies and persevere.6FBelieving in your abilities to improve is the first step.GIt also turns out that people with a growth mindset are better at dealingwith challenges.【解题导语】文章主要介绍了两条非常实用的培养自信心的建议：第一，相信自己的能力可以提高；第二，从失败中汲取经验教训。1A A解析：前一句给出要更加自信的建议，后一句是说相信自己是有价值的、有能力的，这也是自尊，故 A 项“但是什么是自信？”符合语境，衔接上下文。2F F解析：根据文章结构和空处所在位置可知，空处为该段的主题句。第一段最后一句是说要记住几条实用的建议，第二段第一句话应该是第一条建议，并结合该段的内容可知，本段主要讲述要相信自己的能力可以提高，故 F 项“相信你的能力能提高是第一步”符合语境。3G G解析：根据上文中的“But if you have a growth mindset.grow with studyand practice.”可知，如果你有成长的心态，认为你的能力可以提高，一项挑战将变成学习和成长的机会，你大脑里的联系就会更强并且随着学习和练习而增加。由此可知，空处应是进一步说明有成长心态的人的优势，故 G 项符合语境。4C C解析：空前一句是说失败很常见；空后两句又举例说明一些名人在成功之前遭遇的失败，故 C 项“每个人都有可能经历失败”符合语境，衔接上下文。5E E解析：空前一句是说那些经常失败但一直坚持的人会积极应对挑战，故 E 项“他们学着尝试不同的策略并坚持不懈”符合语境。.语法填空(2020惠州高三调研)Today,Mount Qomolangmas peak is not a lonely place anymore.Over 3，500 people have 1._(successful)climbed the mountain overthe past year.Meanwhile,climbers have complained about 2._(wait)forhours in the bottlenecks.In fact,the dangerous 3._(crowd)arent the only problem.All thoseclimbers need 4._(bring)a lot of gear(设备),much of which ends up beingleft on the mountain.It is becoming the worlds 5._(tall)rubbish dump.But the good news is 6._ some mountaineers have started to clean upQomolangma.Mountaineers Paul and Eberhard are part of Eco Everest Expedition,whichhas been cleaning up rubbish since 2008.So far they 7._(collect)over13 tons of garbage.Some of that rubbish is even being used for 8._ higher purpose.As partof the Mount Everest 8848 Art Project,a group of 15 artists from Nepal collected1.5 tons of garbage.Theyve changed the cans and oxygen tanks into 74 pieces of7art that have already been exhibited 9._ Nepals capital.Part of theprofitfromsales10._(be)availablefortheEverestPeakeersAssociation which has helped collect rubbish off the mountain.【解题导语】文章主要介绍了珠穆朗玛峰的污染情况以及现在采取的应对污染的措施和取得的进步。1 successfullysuccessfully解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空前的 have 和空后的 climbed构成谓语，此处应用副词来修饰，故填 successfully。2waitingwaiting解析：考查动名词。此处介词 about 之后应用动名词形式，故填 waiting。3crowdscrowds解析：考查名词的单复数。根据空前的形容词 dangerous 可知，空处应用名词形式，crowd“人群”为可数名词，且句子的谓语 arent 为复数形式，故填复数形式crowds。4toto bringbring解析：考查动词不定式。此处表示所有这些登山者都需要带着大量设备，故此处用 need to do sth.“需要做某事”。5tallesttallest解析：考查形容词的最高级。根据句中的 the worlds 表述“全世界范围内的”可知，此处表示最高级的含义，故填形容词最高级 tallest。6thatthat解析：考查名词性从句。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处引导表语从句，引导词在从句中不充当成分，仅起连接作用，故填 that。7havehave collectedcollected解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语 So far可知，此处表示截止到现在已收集的垃圾数量，所以应用现在完成时；又主语 they 为复数，故填 have collected。8a a解析：考查冠词。此处表示“一个更高的目标”，表泛指，在文中第一次提到，且 higher 的发音以辅音音素开头，故填 a。9inin解析：考查介词。根据句意可知，此处表示“在尼泊尔的首都”，故填 in“在(某范围或空间内的)某一点”。10isis解析：考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处为一般性描述，应用一般现在时；该句主语为“Part of the profit from sales”，此处表示单数概念，故填 is。8