Unit1 Reading and thinking 重点词汇 学案人教版高中英语选择性必修第二册.docx

选择性必修二unit1 science and scientists重点词汇汉译英1._n,霍乱腹泻2._n.脱水3._ad·相互矛盾的;对立的;不致的4._n微生物;细菌;病菌5._vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)6._n.证据;证明;检验7._adj.数量多的;多种多样的8._n.泵;抽水机;打气筒9._n.一家人；家庭；同住一所(套)房子的人10._ vt. vi.怀疑;疑有;不信任11._n.犯罪嫌疑人;可疑对象12._vt.把归咎于;责怪;指责责备;指责13._n,把手;拉手;柄14._vt.处理;搬动;操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)15._n.介人;出面;干涉16._n.联系;纽带17._vt.把连接起来;相关联18._adj,未煮的;生的未经处理的;原始的19._adj，大量的；价值巨大的，重大的20._n减少;降低;减少量21._vt.&.v(使大小数量等)减少；减小；降低22._n.pl.统计数字;统计资料;统计学常用短语1 once and_all最终地;彻底地2 subscribe_同意;赞同3 thanks_幸亏;由于4 die_死于;因而死5._general通常;大体上;总的说来;从总体上看6. be_blame( for sth)对(某事)负有责任7. in time_8. be determined to do sth_9. as a result of_10. be likely to do sth_11. used to do sth_12.in the early 19th century_词汇解释1 die from死于;因而死In the early 19th century, when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died from the disease.(Page 2)十九世纪初，霍乱暴发，肆虐欧洲，数百万人丧命。拓展die away逐渐减弱;渐渐消失die down逐渐变弱；逐渐平息；逐渐暗濙die of死于;因而死die off相继死去;先后死去die out灭绝;消失 The wind has died away风渐渐停了The fire died down.火慢慢地熄灭了。 The flowers are dying off because there has been no rain因为没有下兩，这些花正在凋谢。As he grew older, his relatives all died off随着他年龄的增长，他的亲人都相继去世了Many old customs are dying out.许多旧习俗正在消失。提示die from/die of二者皆有“因而死”之意,在表示因疾病造成的死亡时，二者可以通用die from侧重因外部、偶然原因引起的死亡die of侧重由于忧伤、年老等内部原因而引起的死亡。【活学活用】I 用die相关短语的适当形式填空(1). This species is in danger of_(2). Her voice_as she saw the look on the boss' face(3)When you saw him, his anger had_a bit(4)Winter is coming and the leaves of the tree are_II 完成句子(5)掌声平息后她便开始演讲了When the applause had _ _,she began her speech(6)每年都有许多村民死于蛇伤。Many villagers_ _ snake bites every year.(7)汽车的响声消失在远处。The sound of the car_ _in the distance(8)林中的鹿一头接一头地病死了The deer in the forest are all _ _from disease(9)那种风格的音乐10年前就消失了That style of music _ _ten years ago.(10)他的祖父去世不久，祖母就因悲伤过度而去世了。His grandmother _ _sorrow soon after his grandfather's death2. attendv.出席;参加;定期去(某处);AIn time,he rose to become afamousdoctor,and evenattended to QueenVictoria when shegavebirth.(Page2)后来，他成了一位名医，甚至照料分娩的维多利亚女王。归纳attend to处理；对付；照料；关怀；注意；专心attendattend school上学attend a meeting/lecture参加会议/演讲I'll attend to the matter.我来处理此事。They are ill.Please attend to themfor me.他们病了。请替我照顾他们。If you don't attend to work,you'llnot succeed.如果你不专心工作，你就不会成功。He did not attend the meeting yesterday昨天他没有参加会议。提示在 attend school短语中， school前通常不用冠词。拓展attend/join/join in/take part inattend常指参加会议、典礼等,如 attend a meeting,/ceremony等join可表示参加一个组织或与人为伴，其宾语常为 party,army,team等;或接人,表示与某人一起take part in/Join in后接活动，强调与他人一起参与某一活动后接活动，尤其指众多人参加的群众性大型活动单句语法填空(1) There were so many customers that theshop assistants couldn't attend_them all.(2)Some government leaders_(attend)a meeting on economic development last month.完成句子(3)我参加了吸收少先队员入团的会，他们都下定决心积极参加学校的活动。I_at.3. contradictory adj.相互矛盾的;对立的Ingeneral,doctorsinthosedayshadtwocontradictory theories to explain how cholera spread.(Page 2)关于霍乱的蔓延方式，当时医生大体上有两种截然不同的看法。kItwasridiculous that the witnessesgave twocontradictorystatements.荒谬的是，证人给出了两种相互矛盾的说法。归纳be contradictory to sth与相矛盾contradiction n.(事实、看法、行动等的)不一致,矛盾,对立in(direct) contradiction to sth与某事(恰恰)相反,和某事背道而驰contradict vt.反驳;驳斥;批驳contradict oneself自相矛盾女There is a contradictionbetween the two setsof figures.这两组数据相互矛盾。which some Young Pioneers were accepted tothe League, all of whom made uptheir minds toschool activitiesHis private actions are in direct contradictionto his publicly expressed opinions.他私下的行为跟公开的言论完全是两码事。The speaker had got confused and startedcontradicting himself.那名演讲者变糊涂了，说话开始自相矛盾【活用】用 contradictory的适当形式填空(1)What you said and what you did seemed_(2) Youve just_yourselabout the problem(3)His public speeches are in_to his personal lifestyle.完成句子(4)他的叙述与事实相矛盾。His remarks were_ _the truth(5)整个晚上她说什么她丈夫都和她拌嘴。All evening her husband_ _she sald.4. suspect vt&vi.怀疑;疑有;不信任疑的n，犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象adj.不可信的；Snow suspected that the water pump was toblame. (Page 2)斯诺怀疑水泵就是罪魁祸首I have no reason to suspect her loyalty我没有理由怀疑她的忠诚 He is a murder suspect他是个谋杀犯罪嫌疑人 Some of the evidence they produced washighly suspect.亲父建算息10他们出示的证据中有些相当不可靠。归纳suspect sb/sth怀疑某人或某事suspect sb of doing sth怀疑某人做某事suspect sb to be怀疑某人是suspect that(从句).怀疑Whom do the police suspect?警方在怀疑谁?What made you suspect him ot having broken the glass?你凭什么怀疑是他打坏的玻璃呢?We all suspect her to be an actress, but noone knows her我们都猜想她是一名演员，但没有人认识她。【活用】单句语法填空(1)They suspect him_giving falseevidence(2) Nobody wants to make friends with the boysuspected of_(steal)money.(3) Thee police arrested two_(suspect)(4) I suspected him_(be)aninternational spy.完成句子(5)他看起来很无辜，但警察怀疑他杀了人He looks innocent, but the police_ _ _ _a murder(6)我怀疑他打破了那扇窗户。I _ _ _ having broken the window5 blame vi,把归昝于;责怪;指责I did not blame him for feeling angry. 我没有因为生气而责备他。 The car driver took the blame for the accident.小汽车的司机承担了事故的责任。归纳blame sb for sth因某事责备某人be to blame for sth对某事负有责任blame sth on sb把某事的责任归咎于某人take the blame承担责任You are not to blame for what happened.出了事不能怪你Don't go trying to blame it on me!别想赖我!活用单句语法填空(1) Who is_(blame) for the trafficaccident?(2)I have nothing to blame myself_完成句子(3)我们准备对所发生的事承担责任We were ready to_ _ _ for what had happened(4)真正受责备的应该是银行经理，可是他却想把责任推到一个职员身上。The bank manager was really_ _ though he tried to pin it on a clerk(5)他把失败归昝于他的老师He _ his failure_his teacher.6 deliver vt，递送；传送；发表；宣布；移交seemed that the woman liked the waterrom the pump so much that she had it delivered toher house every day. (Page 2)该妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，每天都让人从那里打水运到家里来Letters are delivered every day.信件是每天递送的She delivered a tatalkon philosophy to thesociety.她给这个社团做了一次有关哲学的演讲。归纳deliver a lecture/speech发表演讲deliver sb/ sth to.把某人/某物移交给deliver h deliver a baby助产;接生be delivered of a baby分娩;生孩子a posta1/mail delivery邮件递送Did you deliver my message to my father?你把我的信息传给我父亲了吗?On May 14th, she was safely delivered of a baby girl.5月14日，她平安地产下一个女婴。【活用】写出下列句子中 deliver的汉语意思(1) Every day the milkman delivers milk to our house_.(2)He delivered us from danger._(3)He delivered a speechat the meeting._7. link n.联系;纽带v,把连接起Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London. (Page 3)此外，斯诺之后还证明了另外几起霍乱病例与伦敦多家饮用水公司有关。The video cameras are linked to a powerfulcomputer.这些摄像机是与一台功能强大的计算机相连接的。归纳be linked to/with与有联系;与连接linklink. with/to.把与连接起来link up( with sb/.sth)(与连接,结合We should link theory with practice我们应该把理论和实践结合起来。The two spacecraft will link up in space.两艘宇宙飞船将在太空对接【活用】完成句子(1)心脏病和日常饮食之间有直接联系There is_ _ _ _diet and heart disease.(2)我们为希望与西方公司建立联系的亚洲公司提供建议。We offer advice to Asian companies that want to_ _ _Western companles.(3)世界各地的电视台通过卫星连接起来。Television stations around the world_ _ _ _.8. be likely to do sth可能做某事 The people who drank this water were muchmore likely to get cholera than those who drank pureor boiled water. ( Page 3)与饮用纯净水或开水的人相比，饮用这种水(被污染的水)的人更容易染上霍乱 t is likely to rain tomorrow. 明天可能会下雨。归纳(1) likely的主语是人、物或it，其句型结构为：主语(人或物)十be十 likely+动词不定式It is+likely+that从句(2) possible只能说“ It is possible( for sb) to dosth.”或“ It is possible+that从句.”,而不能说“ Sb is possible to do sth.(3) probable常用于“ It is probable+that从句、”的形式. He is likely to be the very man that I'm always looking for.他很可能就是我一直寻找的人。It' s possible that he will succeed他可能会成功It is probable that I shall be working here next year.我很可能明年会在这儿工作。【活用】选词填空(likely/ possible/probable)(1)It is_that he will come to helpus, because he has promised us.(2)It is_for us to finish the workbefore dark.(3)He is_to go abroad next year.句型转换(4). It is likely that he will be late.He_ _ _be late(5). It is possiible for him to solve the problem._ _ _ _he will solve the problem.9. transform vt. 使改观;使改变形态 vi改变;转变Moreover, in his use of maps and statisticsSnow transformed the way scientists study diseases(Page 3)此外，通过使用地图和数据，斯诺改变了科学家研究疾病的方式。Success and wealth transformed his character成功和财富改变了他的性格。归纳transform.into.把变成transformtransform from从山中转变transformation n改观,转变In the last 20 years, the country has beentransformed into an advanced industrial power.在过去的20年里，这个国家已变成一个先进的工业强国The magician transformed the man into a rabbit魔术师把那个人变成了一只兔子。 I could hardly beelieve such a great transfor-mation in my hometown我简直不敢相信我的家乡会发生这样大的变化【活用】完成句子(1)他们把汶川改造成了一座地震博物馆。They have_Wenchuan_an earthquake museum. (2)他们仿佛一夜之间由男孩变成了男子汉，高大强健,英俊优雅。They seem to_ _boys to men overnight, tall and strong, handsome and graceful.长难句1. As a young doctor, Jonn Snow becamer frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. ( Page 2)由于当时无人知道如何预防或治疗霍乱，年轻的约翰·斯诺医生很沮丧。句型剖析how to prevent or treat cholera做谓语动词knew的宾语,相当于 how people could prevent ortreat cholera。【例句】I asked Professor Li how to learn English well.我请教李教授如何学好英语归纳(1)当宾语从句的主语与主句的主语或间接宾语致时，宾语从句可改为“wh+动词不定式”的形式(2)“wh+动词不定式”结构在句中可以做主语、宾语和表语。做主语时谓语动词通常用单数形式。常见的疑问词有who(m),how,when, where, whichwhat等。 Can you tell me how to switch on the TV?你能告诉我怎样打开电视机吗?He told me how to answer all the questions in English他告诉我怎样用英语回答所有的问题。【活用】完成句子(1)我不知道怎样回答他的问题I don't know_ _ _ _ _.(2)她确实不知道做些什么。She really doesnt know_ _ _ _ _.(3)你在哪里学会了操作这些机器?Where have you learned_ _ _ _ _.(4)我们必须决定是留还是走We must decide_ _ _ _ _ .2. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.(Page2)该妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，每天都让人从那里打水运到家里来句型剖析have sth done是“(让别人)做某事”的意思。【例句】I have had my room cleaned我已经(让别人)将我的房间打扫干净了。I need to have my hair cut tomorrow我明天要去剪头发。(其实是让别人剪)归纳(1) have sb do sth“使某人做某事”,have后做宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to(2) have sb/ sth doing sth与 have sb do sth的意思大致相同，只是动词-ing形式做宾语补足语强调动作正在进行或让某人或某物一直不停地做某事，而省略to的动词不定式做宾语补足语只表示发生了某件事。(3) have sth to do结构中的have意思是“有”,该短语表示“有某事要做The boss had his workers work fourteenours a day.那个老板让工人们一天干14个小时的活。He had the light burning all night.他让灯一整晚都亮着。I have a lot of work to do.我有许多工作要做。【活用】单句语法填空(1). I asked her to wait for a moment, for I had something_(tell) her(2). I have had my watch_(repair)(3). He had us_(laugh) during thelunchtime(4)I had him_(carry )the box forme完成句子(5)奶奶把头发染成了黑色Grandma_ _ _ _in black colour.(6)他让这台机器(连续)工作了很长时间He_ _ _ _for a long time.(7)昨天我让玛丽打扫了我的卧室。I_ _ _ my bedroom yesterday.(8)我去看他，因为我有事要告诉他。I went to see him, for I_ _ _ _hiIm.