高考英语外刊阅读语法填空November 19.docx

高中英语外刊阅读语法填空November 191调查：多数人不愿意为环保改变生活方式Few willing to change lifestyle to save the planet, climate survey finds  Citizens 1_(alarm) by the climate crisis, but most believe they are already doing more 2_(preserve) the planet than anyone else, 3_(include) their government, and few are willing to make significant lifestyle changes, 4_ international survey has found.The survey found that 62% of people 5_(survey) saw the climate crisis as the main 6_(environment) challenge the world was now facing, ahead of air pollution (39%), the impact of waste (38%) and new diseases (36%).But when asked to rate their individual action against others such as governments, business and the media, people generally saw 7_(they) as much more committed to the environment than others in their local community, or any institution.Respondents were also lukewarm(不热情的) about doing more themselves, citing a wide range of reasons. Most (76%) of those surveyed said they would accept stricter environmental rules and regulations, but almost half (46%) felt that there was no real need for them to change their personal habits.The most common reasons given for not being willing to do more for the planet were “I feel proud of what I am 8_(current) doing” (74%), “There isnt agreement among experts on the best solutions” (72%), and “I need more resources and equipment from public authorities” (69%).Other reasons for not wanting to do more included “I cant afford to make those efforts” (60%), “I lack information and guidance on 9_ to do” (55%), “I dont think individual efforts can really have an impact” (39%), “I believe environmental threats are overestimated” (35%) and “I dont have the headspace to think about it” (33%).Asked which actions to preserve the planet should be prioritized(优先处理), moreover, people attributed more importance to measures that were already established habits, required less individual effort, or for which they bore little direct 10_(responsible).keys:1 are alarmed 2 to preserve 3 including 4 an 5 surveyed 6 environmental 7 themselves 8 currently 9 what 10 responsibility 2研究：日语、韩语、土耳其语都源自中国东北Japanese-Korean-Turkish language group traced to farmers in ancient China  A study combining linguistic, genetic and archaeological evidence has traced the origins of the family of languages 1_(include) modern Japanese, Korean, Turkish and Mongolian and the people who speak them to millet（粟） farmers who inhabited a region in northeastern China about 9,000 years ago. The findings detailed on Wednesday document a 2_(share) genetic ancestry for the hundreds of millions of people who speak 3_ the researchers call Transeurasian (泛欧亚语系) languages across an area stretching more than 8,000 km.The findings illustrate（阐述） how humankind's embrace of agriculture following the Ice Age powered the dispersal（分散） of some of the world's major language families. Millet was 4_ important early crop as hunter-gatherers transitioned to an agricultural lifestyle.There are 98 Transeurasian languages. Among these are Korean and Japanese as well as various Turkic languages including Turkish in parts of Europe, Anatolia, Central Asia and Siberia; various Mongolic languages including Mongolian in Central and Northeast Asia; and various Tungusic languages (通古斯语系)in northeastern China and Siberia.This language family's beginnings 5_(trace) to Neolithic millet farmers in the Liao River valley, an area encompassing parts of the Chinese provinces of Liaoning and Jilin and the region of Inner Mongolia. As these farmers moved across northeastern Asia, the descendant languages spread north and west into Siberia and the steppes and east into the Korean peninsula and over the sea to the Japanese archipelago(日本群岛) over thousands of years.The research underscored the complex beginnings for modern populations and cultures."Accepting that the roots of one's language, culture or people lie beyond the present national boundaries 6_(be) a kind of surrender(屈服) of identity, 7_ some people are not yet prepared to make," said comparative linguist Martine Robbeets, leader of the Archaeolinguistic Research Group at the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History in Germany ."Powerful nations such as Japan, Korea and China are often pictured as representing one language, one culture and one genetic profile. But a 8_(true) that makes people with nationalist agendas(动机) uncomfortable is that all languages, cultures and humans, including those in Asia, are mixed," Robbeets added.The researchers devised a dataset of vocabulary concepts for the 98 languages, identified a core of inherited words 9_(relate) to agriculture and fashioned a language family tree.The researchers determined that farmers in northeastern China 10_(eventual) supplemented millet with rice and wheat, an agricultural package that was transmitted when these populations spread to the Korean peninsula by about 1300 BC and from there to Japan after about 1000 BC.keys:1 including 2 shared 3 what 4 an 5 were traced6 is 7 which 8 truth 9 related 10 eventually3 Spirits 为什么有“烈酒”的意思？  According to VinePair, one theory suggests that we call some liquors spirits because of alcohols 1_(associate) with one spirit in particular: the Holy Spirit, 2_, together with God and Jesus, forms the Holy Trinity(三位一体) in most Christian denominations（基督教派）. This theory is based 3_(primary) on certain places in the Bible where the effects of the Holy Spirit are similar to alcohols effects. In the New Testament(新约), for example, when Jesuss disciples （门徒）are “filled with the Holy Spirit（圣灵）” during Pentecost（五旬节） and begin to speak in other languages, some bystanders（旁观者） jokingly write off their strange behavior as 4_ symptom of having drunk too much wine. A more 5_(like) explanation has to do with the etymology(词源) of the word alcohol, which is thought to have come from either of two old Arabic words. As Scientific American reports, the first option is al-ghawl, which literally means spirit and is even mentioned in the Quran（古兰经） as a spirit that imbues(使灌输，渗透) wine with its intoxicating（醉人的） 6_(effect). Though that origin story seems logical enough, the second option, al-kohl, is pretty plausible(合理的), too. The word al-kohl described an eyeliner（眼线笔）7_(make) from a black powdery mineral called stibnite(辉锑矿). Since the method of transforming stibnite into makeup was similar 8_how people distilled(蒸馏) liquids, al-kohl may have gotten co-opted to mean “anything that was distilled.” When alcohol showed up in English during the 16th century, it was used 9_(describe) the spirit or essence(精华) distilled from some other substance, as in “alcohol of wine.” All things considered, its not 10_(surprise) that people eventually just started calling those spirits “spirits.”keys:1 association 2 which 3 primarily 4 a 5 likely6 effects 7 made 8 to 9 to describe 10 surprising