2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（英语笔试）解析板(天津卷).pdf

2013 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷天津卷)英语笔试英语笔试1、单项选择1.-ImgoingtoVenicenextweek.- .Carnivalwillbeheldthen.Havefun！A.YourecrazyB.YoureluckyC.YoudbetternotD.Youneverknow【答案】B【解析】考查交际用语。去威尼斯碰上狂欢节，真是幸运，故答案选 B。2.Ifyouareintrouble,Mikeisalwayswillingto ahand.A.lendB.shakeC.waveD.want【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。译为：如果你遇上麻烦，Mike 总是乐意帮助你。短语lendahand，帮助，故答案选 A。3.IthinkwatchingTVeveryeveningisawasteoftime-thereare meaningfulthingstodo.A.lessB.moreC.theleastD.themost【答案】B【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据句意：看电视是浪费时间，因为有（比看电视）更有意义的事情可以做。故选比较级 more。4.-Marysbeenofferedajobinauniversity,butshedoesntwanttotakeit.- ?Itsaverygoodchance.A.GuesswhatB.SowhatC.WhocaresD.Butwhy【答案】D【解析】考查交际用语。A 项“猜猜看怎么了” ，B 项“那又如何呢” ，C 项“谁在乎呢” ，D 项“为什么呀” 。根据句意，Mary 被给予了一个工作而不想做，后面说这是一个好机会。可见，应该问，这是为什么呀？故答案选 D。5. small,thecompanyhasabout1,000buyersinover30countries.A.AsB.IfC.AlthoughD.Once【答案】C【解析】考查状语从句。根据句意即可判断：这个公司虽然小，但是它在 30 多个国家有大约 1000 个采购商。此处状语从句连词后省略了句子的主语和 be 动词，即 although(itis)small。6.Wehavelaunchedanotherman-madesatellite, isannouncedintodaysnewspaper.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。此处关系代词 which 指代整个主句引导非限制性定语从句。翻译为：我们又发射了一颗人造卫星，这是在今天的报纸上宣布的。故答案选 B。7.WhileshewasinParis,shedevelopeda forfineart.A.wayB.relationC.tasteD.habit【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。短语 atastefor，对的一种爱好。句意：她在巴黎的时候，她对艺术产生了兴趣。故答案选 C。8.IhadhopedtotakeaholidaythisyearbutIwasntableto A.getawayB.dropinC.checkoutD.holdon【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语。A 项“脱身，抽身” ，B 项“顺便拜访” ，C 项“办手续离开” ，D 项“坚持” 。翻译为：今年我本打算休假的，但我不能脱身啊。故答案选 A。9.Noone bemoregenerous;hehasaheartofgold.A.couldB.mustC.dareD.need【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词。译为：不可能有人比他更慷慨；他有一颗善良的心。cant/couldnt 表不可能，故答案选 A。10.Insomelanguages,100wordsmakeuphalfofallwords indailyconversations.A.usingB.touseC.havingusedD.used【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词 use 在句中作 words 的后置定语，与其存在被动关系，故使用过去分词 used，答案为 D。11.Itwasnotuntilneartheendoftheletter shementionedherownplan.A.thatB.whereC.whyD.when【答案】A【解析】考查强调句。此处考查固定句型 notuntil 的强调句，其句型结构为：Itwasnotuntilthat+句子。故答案选 A。12.Atourfactorythereareafewmachinessimilarto describedinthismagazine.A.themB.theseC.thoseD.ones【答案】C【解析】考查代词。本题考查用于比较对象替代的代词。比较对象的替代通常可以用that 替代不可数名词，those 替代可数名词复数，故此处用 those 替代比较对象 machines。翻译为：在我们工厂有一些与这份杂志中描述相似的机器。13.Thewatersupplyhasbeencutofftemporarilybecausetheworkers oneofthemainpipes.A.hadrepairedB.haverepairedC.repairedD.arerepairing【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态。句意：暂时断水了，因为工人在修一个主管道。根据句意，选正在进行时态。14.IfhehadspentmoretimepracticingspeakingEnglishbefore,he abletospeakitmuchbetternow.A.willbeB.wouldbeC.hasbeenD.wouldhavebeen【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。此题为 if 虚拟条件句，从句时间为 before，故是对过去的虚拟，用过去完成时态，主句时间为 now，故是对现在的虚拟，因此用情态动词过去式后接动词原形，答案为 B。15. IwanttotellyouisthedeeploveandrespectIhaveformyparents.A.ThatB.WhichC.WhetherD.What【答案】D【解析】考查名词性从句。主句谓语为 is，之前为主语从句，从句中缺少动词 tell 的直接宾语，指事物，故填 what；而 which 意为“哪一个” ，that、whether 均不做成分。二、完形填空AsIheldmyfathershandsonenight,Icouldnthelpbutnoticetheircalluses(老茧）androughness.Hishandstellthestoryofhislifeasa 16 ,includingallhisstruggles.Onesummer,Iremember,adrought(旱灾）hitOntario,turningitintoa 17 desert.OnoneogthosehotmorningsIwaspickingsweetcornwithmydadtofillthelast 18 fromthegrocerystore.Fiftydozenwasallweneeded,which 19 tooktwentyminutes.Thatmorning,however,theprocessdidnt 20 quickly.Afterfortyminutesofaimlesslywalkinginthefield,we 21 neededtwentydozen.Iwascompletelyfrustratedand 22 .Droppingthebasketheavily,Ideclared,“Ifthestorewantsitslasttwentydozen,theycanpickitthemselves1”Dad 23 .“Justthink,mylittlegirl,onlytendozenleftforeachofusandthenwere 24 .”SuchisDad-whateverproblemhe 25 ,henevergivesup. 26 ,thedisastrouseffectsofthedroughtwerefeltalloverourcounty.Itwasachallengingtimeforeveryone, 27 Dadremainedoptimistic.He 28 tobegratefulforotherthingslikegoodhealthandfoodonourplated.OnlythendidItrulybeginto 29 Dadandhisfaiththatguidedusthroughthehardtimes.Dadisalsoalivingexampleofreal 30 .Fromdawntodusk,hewarkscountlesshoursto 31 ourfamily.Healwaysputsourhappiness 32 hisown,andneverfailstocheermeonatmysportsgames 33 hisexhaustionafterlongdays.Hislovingandselflessnaturehasinspiredmetobecomemoresympatheticand 34 puttingothersfirst.Dad，thelife 35 Ihavelearnedfromyouwillstaywithmeforever.Youaremyfather,teacher,friendand,mostimportantly,myhero.（）A.teacherB.gardenerC.farmerD.grocer（）A.stormyB.livelyC.disappearingD.burning（）A.orderB.formC.gapD.position（）A.repeatedlyB.normallyC.finallyD.really（）A.goB.beginC.occurD.change（）A.yetB.stillC.evenD.nearly（）A.surprisedB.nervousC.angryD.frightened（）A.apologizedB.criedC.complainedD.laughed（）A.lostB.doneC.goneD.touched（）A.meetswithB.bringsupC.worksoutD.thinksabout（）A.ThankfullyB.HopefullyC.UnfortunatelyD.Strangely（）A.orB.forC.soD.but（）A.happenedB.seemedC.continuedD.aimed（）A.faceB.appreciateC.examineD.question（）A.loveB.prideC.friendshipD.honesty（）A.supportB.settleC.startD.impress（）A.afterB.before C.besideD.under（）A.inspiteofB.intermsofC.incontrolofD.inplaceof（）A.carefulB.regretfulC.considerateD.humorous（）A.historyB.motto C.patternsD.lessons16.【答案】C【解析】根据第二段话 Afterfortyminutesofaimlesslywalkinginthefield,we漫无目的在田里走，我们可知答案为 C（农民） 。17.【答案】D【解析】后文的 desert 和前文的干旱告诉我们此处填上一个描述干旱沙漠的词，故选D（在燃烧的，炙热的） 。18.【答案】A【解析】A 预订，B 表格，C 空隙，D 位置。根据后文我和父亲在田里寻找玉米，可知食品商订购了他们的玉米，故选 A。19.【答案】B【解析】后文 however 及 quickly 暗示前面应该填 B（正常地） 。A 重复，B 正常，C最后，D 真正。20.【答案】A【解析】句意：这个过程进展并不顺利，go 表示“进展” ，故选 A。21.【答案】B【解析】这里和前文 theprocessdidntgoquickly 呼应，故选 B。A 尚，还；B 还；C 甚至；D 将近。22.【答案】C【解析】这里 and 连接，前面 frustrated 表示“沮丧的” ，故此处也应选一个表消极意义的词汇，故选 C（生气的） 。23.【答案】D【解析】文章第三、四段话说明父亲很乐观，故选 D（大笑） 。24.【答案】B【解析】因为父亲很乐观，应填表示褒义的词，故选 B（做完） 。25.【答案】A【解析】句意：无论遇到什么问题，父亲永不放弃。A 遇到；B 养育，呕吐；C 计算出；D 思考。26.【答案】C【解析】句意：不幸的是，整个国家都受到了这次干旱的影响。在我看来这是不幸的，但是，父亲很乐观，衬托父亲的乐观，故选 C（不幸地） 。27.【答案】D【解析】和前面对比，父亲仍然很乐观，故选 D。28.【答案】C【解析】这里作者列举了父亲乐观的表现：因为有健康的体魄等而感激。A 碰巧，B似乎、好像；C 一直，继续，D 瞄准。29.【答案】B【解析】那时我才意识到了父亲及他的信念的重要性。这里和下文都表明作者高度赞扬了父亲的做法，故选一个带有褒义的词语，故选 B。30.【答案】A【解析】从后面的例子“父亲从早干到晚”可以看出作者的父亲很爱这个家。31.【答案】A【解析】父亲从早干到晚养家，故选 A。32.【答案】B【解析】父亲爱这个家庭，把自己的幸福放在后面，把家人的幸福放在前面。故选B。33.【答案】A【解析】父亲尽管很劳累，仍然会在运动场上为我加油。34.【答案】C【解析】父亲对我的影响：更有同情心，更体贴。35.【答案】D【解析】我从父亲那里学到的东西会永远和我在一起。故选 D。三、阅读理解A.GuidetoStockholmUniversityLibraryOurlibraryoffersdifferenttypesofstudyingplacesandprovidesagoodstudyingenvironment.ZonesThelibraryisdividedintodifferentzones.Theupperfloorisaquietzonewithoverathousandplacesforsilentreading,andplaceswhereyoucansitandworkwithyourowncomputer.Thereadingplacesconsistmostlyoftablesandchairs.Thegroundflooristhezonewhereyoucantalk.Hereyoucanfindsofasandarmchairsforgroupwork.ComputersYoucanuseyourowncomputertoconnecttothewi-fispeciallypreparedfornotebookcomputers,yourcanalsouselibrarycomputers,whichcontainthemostcommonlyusedapplications,suchasMicrosoftOffice.TheyaresituatedintheareaknownastheExperimentalFieldonthegroundfloor.Group-studyplacesIfyouwanttodiscussfreelywithoutdisturbingothers,youcanbookastudyroomorsitatatableonthegroundfloor.Somestudyroomsarefor2-3peopleandotherscanholdupto6-8people.Allroomsaremarkedonthelibrarymaps.Thereare40group-studyroomsthatmustbebookedviathewebsite.Tobook,youneedanactiveUniversityaccountandavalidUniversitycard.Youcanusearoomthreehoursperday,ninehoursatmostperweek.StorageofStudyMaterialThelibraryhaslockersforstudentstostorecourseliterature,Whenyouhaveobtainedatleast40credits(学分),youmayrentalockerandpay400SEKforayearsrentalperiod.RulestobeFollowedMobilephoneconversationsarenotpermittedanywhereinthelibrar.Keepyourphoneonsilentasifyouwereinalectureandexitthelibraryifyouneedtoreceivecalls.Pleasenotethatfoodandfruitareforbiddeninthelibrary,butyouareallowedtohavedrinksandsweetswithyou.36.Thelibrarysupperfloorismainlyforstudentsto A.readinaquietplaceB.havegroupdiscussionsC.takecomfortableseatsD.gettheircomputersfixed37.LibrarycomputersonthegroundfloorA.helpstudentswiththeirfieldexperimentsB.containsoftwareessentialforschoolworkC.areforthosewhowantoaccessthewi-fiD.aremostlyusedforfillingoutapplicationforms38.Whatconditionshouldbemettobookagroup-studyroom?Agroupmustconsistof8peopleB.Three-houruseperdayistheminimumC.OneshouldfirstregisterattheuniversityD.Applicantsmustmarktheroomonthemap39.AstudentcanrentalockerinthelibraryifheA.canaffordtherentalfeeB.attendscertaincoursedC.hasnowheretoputhisbooksD.hasearnedtherequiredcredits40.WhatshouldNOTbebroughtintothelibrary?A.MobilephonesB.Orangejuice.C.CandyD.Sandwiches36.【答案】A【解析】题干中的 theupperfloor 是有关地方的信息，这暗示我们可以在 Zones 这个段落里去找到答案。根据 Theupperfloorisaquietzonewithoverathousandplacesforsilentreading 可知答案为 A。37.【答案】B【解析】在 Computers 部分可以找到答案为 B。38.【答案】C【解析】在 Group-studyPlaces 中可以找到答案为 C。39.【答案】D【解析】从题干可知答案出现在 StorageofStudyMaterial 中，根据whenyouhaveobtainedatleast40credits,youmayrentalocker可知答案为 D。40.【答案】D【解析】根据文中 Keepyourphoneonsilent 可知 mobilephones 是可以带进来的。B.Lastnightsmeteor(流星)showerleftmanypeopleinthecommunitydissatisfiedanddemandinganswers.AccordingtoGabeRothsclild,EmeraldValleysmayor,peoplegatheredinthesuburbsofthecity,carryingheavytelescopes,expectingtowatchthebrightlyburningmeteorspassingthroughthesky.Whattheyfoundinsteadwasaskysobrightenedbythecityslightsthatitdarkenedthelightofthemeteorspassingoverhead.“Myfamilywassofrustrated,”admittedtownresidentDuaneCosby,“Wewantedtomakethisanunforgettablefamilyouting,butitturnedouttobeahugedisappointments.”Astronomers-scientistswhostudystarsandplanets-havebeencomplainingaboutthisproblemfordecades.Theysaythatlightpollutionpreventsthemfromseeingobjectsintheskythattheycouldseequiteeasilyinthepast.Theycallonpeopleandthegovernmenttotakemeasurestofightagainstit.Thereisyetapopulationbesidesprofessionalandamateurstarobserversthatsuffersevenmorefromlightpollution.Thispopulationconsistsofbirds,batsfrogs,snakes,etc.Forexample,outdoorlightingseverelyaffectsmigrating(迁徙的)birds.AccordingtotheInternationalDark-SkyAssociation.“100millionbirdsayearthroughoutNorthAmericadieincrasheswithlightedbuildingsandtowers.”Countlessmoreanimalscasualties(伤亡）resultfromtheuseofartificiallighting.Clearly,peopleenjoythebenefitsoflightingtheirevenings,butsomescientiststhinkitcanbeharmfulforhumans,too.Theyworrythatexposuretolightwhilesleepingcanincreasepersonschancesofgettingcancer.EmeraldValleyisonlyonecommunitythatisbecomingawareofthenegativeeffectsofhightpollution.Foryears,Flagstaff,Arizona,hasenforcedlightingregulationsinitscityinordertoassistastronomersattheLowellObservatory.Similareffortshavebeenmadeworldwide,andamovementisunderwaytoremindustoturnofflightswhenwearenotusingthem,sothatothercreaturescansharethenight.41.Ithappenedlastnightthat (1)thecityslightsaffectedthemeteorwatchingB.themeteorsflewpastbeforebeingnoticedC.thecitylightshowattractedmanypeopleD.themeteorwatchingendedupasocialouting42.Whatdotheastronomerscomplainabout?A.MeteorshowersoccurlessoftenthanbeforeB.TheirobservationequipmentisinpoorrepairC.LightpollutionhasremainedunsolvedforyearsD.Theireyesightisfailingduetoartificiallighting43.WhattheauthorconcernedaboutaccordingtoParagraph4?A.BirdsmaytakeothermigrationpathsB.AnimallivinghabitsmaychangesuddenlyC.VarietiesofanimalswillbecomesharplyreducedD.Animalssurvivalisthreatenedbyoutdoorlighting44.LightingregulationsinFlagstaff,ArizonaareputintoeffecttoA.LessenthechanceofgettingcancerB.createanidealobservationconditionC.ensurecitizensagoodsleepatnightD.enableallcreaturestoliveinharmony45.Whatmessagedoestheauthormostwanttogiveus?A.SavingwildlifeissavingourselvesB.GreateffortsshouldbemadetosaveenergyC.HumanactivitiesshouldbeenvironmentallyfriendlyD.Newequipmentshouldbeintroducedforspacestudy41.【答案】A【解析】根据第一段最后一句 askysobrightenedbythecityslightsthatitdarkenedthelightofthemeteorspassingoverhead 可知答案为 A。42.【答案】C【解析】文中第三段话 havebeencomplainingaboutthisproblemfordecades，第一段话就提到了光线太亮，这句话后边又提到了 lightpollution。结合选项，选 C。43.【答案】D【解析】第四段第一句就告诉我们除了专业及业余的观星者之外，还有些群体也收到了光污染的影响。而这些群体指的就是 birds、bats 等动物。D 项的意思是：“动物的生存受到户外灯光的影响。 ”44.【答案】B【解析】根据文章最后一段 inordertoassistastronomersattheLowellObservatory，可知答案为 B。45.【答案】C【解析】文中作者反复强调光污染问题对人类的一些活动和动物的影响。这显然是强调环境问题。C.PoetWilliamStaffordoncesaidthatwearedefinedmorebythedetours(绕行路)inlifethatbythenarrowroadtowardgoals.Ilikethisimage.ButIasquitebyaccidentthatIdiscoveredthedeepmeaningofhiswords.ForyearswemadethelongdrivefromourhomeinSeattletomyparentshomeinBoiseinninehours.Wetraveledthewaymostpeopledo:thefastest,shortesteasiestroad,especiallywhenaiwasalonewithfournoisy,restlesskidswhohatesconfinement(限制)andhavestrongopinionsabouteverything.Roadtripsfeltrisky,soIwoulddrivefast,stoppingonlywhenIhadto.Wewouldsticktothefreewaysandarrivetired.ButthenBanner,ourlambwasborn.HewasrejectedbyhismamadaysbeforeourplannedtriptoBoise.Ihadtwochoices:leaveBannerwithmyhusband,ortakehimwithme.Myhusbandmadethedecisionforme.ThatishowIfoundmyselfontheroadwithfourkids,ababylambandnothingbutmyeverlastingoptimismtoseemethrough.Wetookthecountryroadsoutofnecessity.Wehadtostopeveryhour,letBannershkeouthislegsandfeedhim.Thekidschasedhimandoneanother.Theydgetbackinthecarbreathlessandenergized,smellingfreshfromthecoldair.Weexploredsideroads,catchinggrasshoppersinwaist-highgrass.Evenifwesimplylookedoutofthecarwindowsatbabypigsfollowingtheirmother,orfishleapingoutofthewater,itwasbetterthanthebestridedownthefreeway.Herewaslife.Andnewhorizons(见识).WeeventuallyarrivedatmyparentsdoorstepastonishinglyfreshandfullofstoriesIgrewbravewiththetripbackhomeandcreativewithmydiscipliningtechnique.Onanemptysectionofroad,everyonestartedquarreling.Istoppedthecar,orderedallkidsoutandtoldthemtomeetmeupahead.Iparkedmycarhalfamileawayandreadmybookinsweetsilence.Someroadtripsarebynecessityfastandstraight.ButthattripwithBanneropenedoureyestoaworldavailabletoanyonadventurousenoughtowanderaroundandmademerealizethatadetourmayuncoverthebestpartofajourney-andthebestpartofyourself.46.Whydidtheauthorusetotakefreewaystoherparentshome?A.ItwaslesstimeB.ItwouldbefasterandsaferC.HerkidswouldfeellessconfinedD.Shefeltbetterwithotherdriversnearby47.TheauthorstoppedregularlyonthecountryroadstoA.relaxinthefreshairB.takeadepbreathC.takecareofthelambD.letthekidsplaywithBanner48.WhatdoestheauthordiscoverfromthetripaccordingtoParagraph6?A.Freewaysarewherebeautyhides.B.GettingclosetonatureaddstothejoyoflifeC.EnjoyingthebeautyofnaturebenefitsoneshealthD.Oneshouldfollowsideroadstowatchwildanimals49.Whydidtheauthoraskthekidstogetoutofthecarontheirwaybackhome?A.TogiveherselfsometimetoreadB.ToordersomefoodforthemC.Toplayagamewiththem.D.Toletthemcooldown50.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.CharmoftheDetourB.TheRoadtoBraveryC.CreativityoutofNecessityD.RoadtripandCountryLife46.【答案】B【解析】根据第二段Wetravelledthewaymostpeopledo:thefastest,shortest,easiestroad,especiallywhenIwasalonewithfournoisy,restlesskidswhohateconfinementandhavestrongopinionsabouteverything 可知作者以前为什么喜欢走 freeways，结合选项，选 B。47.【答案】C【解析】根据第三、四段话，可知，由于 ourlambwasborn，且根据第五段话WehadtostopeveryhourletBannershakeouthislegsandfeedhim 可知答案为 C。48.【答案】B【解析】根据地六段话 itwasbetterthanthebestridedownthefreeway 和最后一段均说明作者很开心，这段旅程是生活中最美好的，故答案选 B。49.【答案】D【解析】前一句 everyonestartedquarreling 是作者 askedthekidstogetoutofthecar 的原因，故答案选 D。50.【答案】A【解析】文章第一段wearedefinedmorebythedetoursinlifethanbythenarrowroadtowardgoals.Ilikethisimage 及最后一段话均说明了绕行的魅力。D.Whenaskedabouthappiness,weusuallythinkofsomethingextraordinary,anabsolutedelight,whichseemstogetrarertheolderweget.Forkids,happinesshasamagicalquality.Theirdelightatwinningaraceorgettinganewbikeisunreser