英语句子成分和五个基本句型.ppt

关于英语句子成分和五个基本句型现在学习的是第1页，共27页英语的句子成分：英语的句子成分：l一）一）主语：主语：Walls have ears.He will take you to the hospital.Three plus four equals seven.To see is to believe.Smoking is not allowed in public places.Whether or not they will come depends on the weather.l二）谓语谓语由_担任。加其他动词的适当形式也构成谓语动词。Action speaks louder than words.The chance may never come again.Mary has been working at the dress shop since 1994.动词动词/动词短语动词短语名词名词代词代词数词数词to do不定式不定式doing动名词动名词句子句子助动词或情态动词现在学习的是第2页，共27页lMy father is a professor.lWhos that?Its me.lEverything here is expensive.lThe match became very exciting.lThe story of my life may be of help to others.lThree times five is fifteen.lHis plan is to seek work in the city.lMy first idea was that you should hide your feelings.三）表语表语 它的位置在它的位置在_之后。是用来之后。是用来说明主语的说明主语的_,_,_的的.系动词、连系动词系动词、连系动词性质性质特征特征状态状态名词名词 n代词代词 pron形容词形容词 adjadj介词短语介词短语数词数词to do不定式不定式句子句子现在学习的是第3页，共27页（四）宾语（四）宾语 表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语一般表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语一般放在放在_之后。之后。_词后也会跟宾语。词后也会跟宾语。lShe covered her face with her hands.l We havent seen her for a long time.lDo you mind opening the window?l Give me four please.l He wants to dream a nice dream.l We need know what others are doing.l We should care more about our friends.动词动词/动词短语动词短语介词介词名词名词 n代词代词 pron动名词动名词代词和数词代词和数词to do不定式不定式句子句子介词介词+名词名词现在学习的是第4页，共27页（五）定语（五）定语 是修饰是修饰_词词.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的名词之名词之_；短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰的名词之；短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰的名词之_。lThey are woman workers.lToms father didnt write home until yesterday.lMary is a beautiful girl.lThe play has three acts.lThis is her first trip to Europe.lChina is a developing country.lI have nothing to eat.lThose who want to go to Tibet are to sign their names here.名名前前后后 名词名词名词所有格名词所有格形容词形容词 adj数词数词形容词形容词/序数词序数词/to do 不定式不定式现在分词现在分词 doingto do 不定式不定式从句从句现在学习的是第5页，共27页六）状语六）状语 状语表示地点、时间、原因、目的、状语表示地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、结果、条件、让步让步、伴随情况等。、伴随情况等。l The best fish swim near the bottom.l I left the village five years ago.l I arrived late because of the traffic jam.l Well send a car to fetch you.l The fish can eat a person in two minutes,leaving only bonesl The students came into the classroom,singing and dancing.l If he goes,so will I.l Though he is a child,he knows a lot.地点状语地点状语时间状语时间状语原因状语原因状语目的状语目的状语结果状语结果状语伴随状语伴随状语条件状语条件状语让步状语让步状语现在学习的是第6页，共27页七）宾语补足语。七）宾语补足语。英语有些及物动词，除了要有宾语之外，还英语有些及物动词，除了要有宾语之外，还要加上宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。要加上宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。lThey elected me captain of the team.l We try to make our country strong.l We found everything in good order there.l I should advise you to get the chance.l I saw him going upstairs.lThey found the house broken in.名词名词形容词形容词介词短语介词短语to do 不定式不定式现在分词现在分词 doingdone 过去分词过去分词宾语和宾语补足语一起构成宾语和宾语补足语一起构成动词的复动词的复合结构合结构现在学习的是第7页，共27页八）主语补足语八）主语补足语 如果上述结构变成被动语态，原宾语成为主如果上述结构变成被动语态，原宾语成为主语，语，原宾语补足语相应地变为主语补足语原宾语补足语相应地变为主语补足语lI was elected captain of the team.l Our country will be made strong.与宾语补足语一样与宾语补足语一样现在学习的是第8页，共27页构成句子的成分有很多，比如：构成句子的成分有很多，比如：主语、主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语以及以及表语表语等。等。但是，我们要记住但是，我们要记住任何一个句子，都必须拥有自己的任何一个句子，都必须拥有自己的主语和谓语主语和谓语！现在学习的是第9页，共27页归纳归纳简单句的五个基本句型简单句的五个基本句型 主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语 主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语主语主语+谓语谓语 主语主语+谓语谓语+间宾间宾+直宾直宾.主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+宾补宾补.只要同学们能按照五个句型，就能写出正确的句子啦。只要同学们能按照五个句型，就能写出正确的句子啦。The train has arrived He seems quite reliable.We are learning how to survive,how to be and how to learn at school.She told me how to deal with the difficulty.His noble example inspired the rest of us to greater efforts.现在学习的是第10页，共27页二二.五种简单句基本句型五种简单句基本句型l主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语l主语主语+谓语谓语+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语l主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语动词动词系动词系动词不及物动词不及物动词及物动词及物动词主语主语+系系+表语表语主语主语+谓语谓语现在学习的是第11页，共27页1）Our city is at the crossing of some important railways.主语主语 系动词系动词 表语表语 2）The city will become rich.主语主语 系动词系动词 表语表语l在这类结构中最常用的系动词是：在这类结构中最常用的系动词是：“变化变化”类：类：_.“感官感官”类类:_.“持续持续”类：类：_.其他：（似乎）其他：（似乎）_ _(证明是证明是)_get/become/turn/grow/gotaste/smell/feel/look/soundstay/keep/remainSeem appearturn out/prove(to be)1主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语现在学习的是第12页，共27页Exercisesl你的故事听起来很有趣。你的故事听起来很有趣。_.l树叶在秋天会变黄树叶在秋天会变黄。_.l这种炎热的天气将会保持几天。这种炎热的天气将会保持几天。_.l这个计划证明是可行的。这个计划证明是可行的。_.You story sounded very interesting.Leaves turn yellow in fall.The hot day will remain/stay/keep a few days.The plan turned out/proved（to be)practical.现在学习的是第13页，共27页2主语主语+谓语谓语1）Building has started.主语主语 谓语谓语2）The train leaves at 7:40.主语主语 谓语谓语l_搭配：搭配：The teacher teaches well.The child walks very slowly.l_搭配：搭配：The girl looked at the picture.The children ran to the forest.动词副词动词副词动词介词动词介词现在学习的是第14页，共27页Exercisel我每天起的很早，走到小花园，坐在凳子上。我每天起的很早，走到小花园，坐在凳子上。l小鸟在树上欢快的歌唱，鱼儿在池塘小鸟在树上欢快的歌唱，鱼儿在池塘 里自由的嬉戏，我玩得也高兴里自由的嬉戏，我玩得也高兴.Every day I get up early,walk to the park and sit on the bench.The birds sing happily in the tree,the fish play freely in the pool and I also enjoy myself.现在学习的是第15页，共27页3主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语1）The boss employed five more workers.主语主语 谓语谓语 宾语宾语2）My brother takes care of the vegetable garden.3）Few students like taking exams.4）He forgot to close the door.5）I hope I can speak English fluently.现在学习的是第16页，共27页Exercisel他违反了交通规则。他违反了交通规则。_.l他拿出一瓶啤酒，很快将其喝光。他拿出一瓶啤酒，很快将其喝光。_.l他许诺给我一个礼物。他许诺给我一个礼物。_.He broke the traffic rules.He took out a bottle of beer and drank it up quickly.He promised to give me a gift.现在学习的是第17页，共27页4主语主语+谓语谓语+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语1）He has fetched us some new textbooks.主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语2）Grandma cooked us a nice meal.主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语 3）The man told the girl that he wants to test her the subject.4）The boy asked me if I could speak Chinese.现在学习的是第18页，共27页可接双宾语的常见动词有：可接双宾语的常见动词有：ask,answer,give,offer,send,bring,pass,tell,show,teach,promise l顺便问一下，她把钱付给你了吗？顺便问一下，她把钱付给你了吗？_.l下学期谁教你们生物？下学期谁教你们生物？_.lMr.White告诉我为什么他要出国。告诉我为什么他要出国。_.By the way,has she paid you money?Who will teach you biology?Mr.White told me why he went abroad.现在学习的是第19页，共27页5主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语1）The villagers didnt allow them to do this.主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语 2）I will keep the box in the shade.3）We found him a very good pupil.4）She let me stay in the company.现在学习的是第20页，共27页Exercisel他总是把他的卧室收拾得干干净净。他总是把他的卧室收拾得干干净净。_.l我建议他多读点书。我建议他多读点书。_.l 他修了机器。他修了机器。_.l我们选他当班长。我们选他当班长。_.He always keeps his room clean.I suggest him reading more books.He had his machine repaired.We made him monitor.现在学习的是第21页，共27页翻译句子并写出句子的结构翻译句子并写出句子的结构1、她理直气壮地回答。、她理直气壮地回答。2、这位教授知识渊博、性格乐观、有耐心且平易、这位教授知识渊博、性格乐观、有耐心且平易近人。近人。3、他业余的时间都用来写有关他妈妈的故事了。、他业余的时间都用来写有关他妈妈的故事了。He spends all his spare time(in)writing stories about his mother.句型句型3:主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语句型句型2:主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语句型句型1:主语主语+谓语谓语PracticeShe replied confidently.The professor is knowledgeable,optimistic and patient.现在学习的是第22页，共27页4、他迷惑地看了我一眼。、他迷惑地看了我一眼。He gave me a puzzled look.句型句型4:主语主语+谓语谓语+间宾间宾+直宾直宾.5、我认为他是个很好的领导。、我认为他是个很好的领导。I consider him a great leader.句型句型5:主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+宾补宾补.可加双宾的动词有：可加双宾的动词有：give,send,buy,name,get,等等现在学习的是第23页，共27页翻译句子并判断是哪种句型：翻译句子并判断是哪种句型：1、那个人在那场车祸中丧生。、那个人在那场车祸中丧生。2、你们是很棒的学生。、你们是很棒的学生。3、昨天我买了一本英语字典。、昨天我买了一本英语字典。4、昨晚、昨晚妈妈妈妈给我带来了一些给我带来了一些苹果苹果。5、我一直把你看做是我最好的朋友。、我一直把你看做是我最好的朋友。现在学习的是第24页，共27页1、那个人在那场车祸中丧生。、那个人在那场车祸中丧生。The man died in the car accident.The man lost his life in the car accident.2、你们是很棒的学生。、你们是很棒的学生。You are great students.3、昨天我买了一本英语字典。、昨天我买了一本英语字典。Yesterday I bought an English dictionary.4、昨晚、昨晚妈妈妈妈给我带来了一些给我带来了一些苹果苹果。Last night my Mom brought me some apples.5、我一直把你看做是我最好的朋友。、我一直把你看做是我最好的朋友。I always consider you(as)my best friend.现在学习的是第25页，共27页T：Actually,whatever long or complicate sentences are,they are formed by these structures.For example,分开：分开：He made a promise.He didnt keep it.He made a promise,but he didnt keep it.五种简单句型可用并列连词连接起来组成并列句。五种简单句型可用并列连词连接起来组成并列句。如如and,or,so,but,as soon as,for,as well as等等复合句复合句 =简单句简单句 +从属连词从属连词 +简单句简单句He was tall and handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice although his facial expression never changed.现在学习的是第26页，共27页感谢大家观看现在学习的是第27页，共27页