英语基本句型结构.ppt

关于英语基本句型结关于英语基本句型结构构现在学习的是第1页，共26页基本句型基本句型 一一+（主谓）（主谓）此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。现在学习的是第2页，共26页 （不及物（不及物动词动词）1.Time 2.The moon 3.The man4.An accident5.Everybody 6.I 7.They 8.He 9.Theyflies.rose.cooked.happened.laughed.woke.talked for half an hour.walked yesterday have gone现在学习的是第3页，共26页常用不及物动词有常用不及物动词有:appear(出现出现),apologize(道歉道歉),arrive,agree,arise(发生发生),belong(属于属于),come,die,disappear(消失消失),exist(存在存在),fall,go,happen,hurry,listen,look,occur(发生发生),rise(升起升起),sit,sail(航行航行),succeed 词组有词组有:take place,run out,break out现在学习的是第4页，共26页基本句型 二+（主系表）（主系表）此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。这类动词叫做连系动词。现在学习的是第5页，共26页（是系（是系动词动词）(表表语语)1.This 2.The dinner3.He 4.Everything5.He 6.The book 7.The weather 8.His face 9.This is smellsfelt looks is is becameturned is an English dictionary.good.happy.different.tall and strong.interesting.warmer.red.what I like.现在学习的是第6页，共26页基本句型基本句型 三三+（主谓宾）（主谓宾）此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。这类动词叫做及物动词。现在学习的是第7页，共26页（实义动词实义动词）(宾语宾语)1.Who 2.She 3.He 4.He 5.They 6.Danny 7.I 8.He 9.Iknows lovesunderstands made ate likes want said regrettedthe answer?him.English.cakes.some apples.donuts.to have a cup of tea.Good morning.having done that.现在学习的是第8页，共26页基本句型基本句型 四四+IO+（主谓间宾直宾）（主谓间宾直宾）此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者宾语一个是动作的直接承受者(一般指物一般指物)，另一，另一个是动作的间接承受者个是动作的间接承受者(通常指人通常指人)。eg:give sb.sth.give sth.to sb.make sb.sth.make sth.for sb.现在学习的是第9页，共26页（及（及物）物）（多指（多指人）人）（多指物）（多指物）1.She2.She 3.She 4.He 5.I 6.I 7.I 8.He passed cooked brought bought showed gave told told himher me you her him him mea new dress.a delicious meal.a dictionary.nothing.my pictures.a hand.how to run the machine.that the bus was late.现在学习的是第10页，共26页可以带双宾语的动词：买卖关系：buy pay cost 给予关系：give grant pass offer bring send借还关系：lend return owe 说服关系：tell persuade其他关系：wish name make call 现在学习的是第11页，共26页基本句型基本句型 五五+（主谓宾宾补）（主谓宾宾补）此句型的句子的共同特点是：动此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才，才能使意思完整。能使意思完整。现在学习的是第12页，共26页（及物）（及物）（宾语宾语）（宾补宾补）1.We 2.They3.They 4.They5.What 6.We 7.He 8.I keep painted call found makes saw asked saw the table the door supper the house him him me them clean.green.dinner.dirty.sad?out.to come back soon.getting on the bus.现在学习的是第13页，共26页构成：There be.句型表示“某处有（存在）某人或某事物”，其结构为 There be(is are was were)+名词+地点状语There are fifty-two students in our class.There is a pencil in my pencil-case.六 基本句型 There be 句式现在学习的是第14页，共26页1.There be句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。如果句子的主语是单数的可数名词，或是不可数名词，be动词用“is”“was”。例如：一、There be 结构中的主谓一致vThereisabasketballinthebox.vThereisalittlemilkintheglass.现在学习的是第15页，共26页There were many people in the street yesterday.如果句子的主语是复数名词，be动词就用“are”“were”。例如 现在学习的是第16页，共26页 There is an orange and some bananas in the basket.There are two bottles and an ashtray on the shelf.如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语，be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致，也就是我们常说的“就近原则”。例如:现在学习的是第17页，共26页There must be a pen in the box.There is going to be a meeting tonight.There has been a big tree on the top of the hill.There used to be a hospital there before the war.2.There与be中间可插入一些表推测的情态动词、表时态的短语和一些动词短语(如和将来时be going to will、现在完成时 havehas+pp.、used to结构等连用.现在学习的是第18页，共26页There be句型表示“存在有”,havehas表示“拥有”“所有”,两者不能同时使用.例如：桌子上有三本书.There are three books on the desk.我有三本书.I have three books.There be句型和havehas的区别：现在学习的是第19页，共26页 1.They work hard.1.They work hard.主主主主 +谓谓 2.The flower is dead.2.The flower is dead.主主 +系系 +表表表表 3.Plants need water.主主 +谓谓谓谓 +宾宾宾宾 4.He gives me some seeds.4.He gives me some seeds.主主 +谓谓谓谓 +直宾直宾直宾直宾 +简宾简宾 5.We should keep the plants in the shade.主主 +谓谓谓谓 +宾宾 +宾补宾补 6.His face turned red.6.His face turned red.主主主主 +系系 +表表表表现在学习的是第20页，共26页7.There was a lot of news about Zhang Ziyi on TV last night.There be There be 句式句式8.She seems kind.主主 +系系系系 +表表表表9.We found her in tears.主主 +谓谓谓谓 +宾宾宾宾 +宾补宾补宾补宾补10.I assure you that this medicine will help you.主主 +谓谓 +间间间间宾宾宾宾 +直直直直宾宾11.He has refused to help them.主主主主 +谓谓谓谓 +宾宾现在学习的是第21页，共26页12.They encouraged her to try again.主主主主 +谓谓 +宾宾宾宾 +宾补宾补宾补宾补13.He admits that he was mistaken.主主主主 +谓谓谓谓 +宾宾宾宾14.The pen writes smoothly.主主主主 +谓谓谓谓 +状状状状15.The dinner smells good.主主主主 +系系系系 +表表表表现在学习的是第22页，共26页5 Analyze the following sentences to see which pattern they belong to.1)Bothmenspeakloudlyandclearly.2)Anintroductionusuallyincludesagreetingandahandshake.3)Mye-.4)Theywilljustwavegoodbyetothewholegroup.5)Ourdepartmentheadwillgiveadinnertowelcomeyou.6)YoucouldsimplycallmeWang.7)Inherbagthereisapassportandapen.There be句式句式主主+谓谓+状状主主+谓谓+宾宾主主+系系+表表主主+谓谓+直宾直宾+间宾间宾主主+谓谓+宾宾+状状主主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补宾补BackWrite and Apply Rules现在学习的是第23页，共26页Write and Correct Mistakes6 Correct the errors in the following sentences.1)The manager for them prepares some beautiful gifts.2)Could you tell to me something about their cultural background?3)Mr.Wang has left in their mind a deep impression.4)Do they always wave to you goodbye in an informal way?5)There are always some people talk happily in the park.The manager prepares some beautiful gifts for them.Could you tell me something about their cultural background?Mr.Wang has left a deep impression upon their minds.Do they always wave goodbye to you in an informal way?/Do they always wave you goodbye in an informal way?There are always some people talking happily in the park.现在学习的是第24页，共26页6)There has some water in the glass.7)On the door has a big red Chinese word“Happiness”.8)The girl looked the small animal with pleasure.9)He gave to her some lovely flowers.10)The streets always have many cars run nowadays.There is some water in the glass.On the door there is a big red Chinese word“Happiness”./There is a big red Chinese word“Happiness”on the door./On the door is a big red Chinese word“Happiness”.The girl looked at the small animal with pleasure.He gave her some lovely flowers./He gave some lovely flowers to her.There are always many cars running in the streets nowadays.Back现在学习的是第25页，共26页感谢大家观看现在学习的是第26页，共26页