2021高考英语阅读理解冲刺全程训练（11）.doc

-1-20142014 高考英语阅读理解冲刺全程训练（高考英语阅读理解冲刺全程训练（1 11 1）及答案）及答案阅读理解-AAccording to the US government,wind farms off the Pacific coast could produce900 gig watts of electricity every year.Unfortunately,the water there is far toodeep for even the tallest windmills(see picture)to touch bottom.An experiment underway off the coast of Norway,however,could help put them anywhere.The project,called Hywind,is the worlds first large-scale deepwater windturbine(涡轮发电机).Although it uses a fairly standard 152-ton,2.3-megawatt turbine,Hywind represents totally new technology.The turbine will be fixed 213 feet abovethe water on a floating spar(see picture),a technology Hywinds creator,theNorwegian company StatoilHydro,has developed recently.The steel spar,which isfilled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface,will be tied to the oceanfloor by three cable(缆索)；these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbinefrom moving up and down in the waves.Hywinds stability(稳定性)in the cold and roughsea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind power.If all goes according to plan,the turbine will start producing electricity six milesoff the coast of southwestern Norway as early as September.To produce electricity on a large scale,a commercial wind farm will have to usebigger turbines than Hywind does,but its difficult enough to balance such a largeturbine so high on a floating spar in the middle of the ocean.To make that turbineheavier,the whole spars to design a new kind of wind turbine,one whose gearbox(变速箱)sits at sea level rather than behind the blades(see picture)Hywind is a test run,but the benefits for perfecting floating wind-farmtechnology could be extremely large.Out at sea,the wind is often stronger andsteadier than close to shore,where all existing offshore windmills are planted.Deep-sea farms are invisible from land,which helps overcome the windmill-as-eyesoreobjection.If the technology catches on,it will open up vast areas of the planetssurface to one of the best low-carbon power sources available.-2-()1.The Hywind project uses totally new technology to ensure the stability of_.A.the cables which tie the spar to the ocean floorB.the spar which is floating in deep-sea waterC.the blades driven by strong and steady sea windD.the stones filled in the spar below the sea surface()2.To balance a bigger turbine high on a flatting spar,a new type of turbineis to be designed with its gearbox sitting _.A.on the sea floorB.on the spar topC.at sea levelD.behind the blades()3.Wide applications of deepwater wind power technology can _.A.solve the technical problems of deepwater windmillsB.make financial profits by producing more turbinesC.settle the arguments about environmental problemsD.explore low-carbon power resources available at seaA 篇第三篇是一篇科普类说明文，介绍了风力涡轮发电，这基本切中了当下最受关注的话题新能源和可持续。体现了时代的潮流，跟 B 篇谋篇一致，话题新颖信息量足，题目并不难。-3-63.细节题。根据题干定位到原文第二段倒数第二句。从”Hywinds stability in thecold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitablefor wind power”得出答案 B 为正确。64.细节题。根据题干定位到原文第三段最后，得出答案 C 是正确的。65.推断题。根据文章最后一句，可以推断出这种项目的成功运行将会促进低碳能源的发展，从而得出 D 选项是正确的。英语英语阅读理解阅读理解荟萃（中级篇）荟萃（中级篇）PassagePassage OneOne(Violence(Violence CanCan DoDo NothingNothing toto DiminishDiminish RaceRace Prejudice)Prejudice)In some countries where racial prejudice is acute,violence has so come to be takenfor granted as a means of solving differences,that it is not even questioned.Thereare countries where the white man imposes his rule by brute force;there are countrieswhere the black man protests by setting fire to cities and by looting and pillaging.Important people on both sides,who would in other respects appear to be reasonablemen,get up and calmly argue in favor of violence as if it were a legitimate solution,like any other.What is really frightening,what really fills you with despair,isthe realization that when it comes to the crunch,we have made no actual progressat all.We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint,but our instincts remainbasically unchanged.The whole of the recorded history of the human race,that tediousdocumentation of violence,has taught us absolutely nothing.We have still not learntthat violence never solves a problem but makes it more acute.The sheer horror,thebloodshed,the suffering mean nothing.No solution ever comes to light the morningafter when we dismally contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us.The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lie are finding it harder andherder to get a hearing.They are despised,mistrusted and even persecuted by theirown kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement.-4-If half the energy that goes into violent acts were put to good use,if our effortswere directed at cleaning up the slums and ghettos,at improving living-standardsand providing education and employment for all,we would have gone a long way toarriving at a solution.Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess thatviolence leaves in its wake.In a well-directed effort,it would not be impossibleto fulfill the ideals of a stable social programme.The benefits that can be derivedfrom constructive solutions are everywhere apparent in the world around us.Genuineand lasting solutions are always possible,providing we work within the frameworkof the law.Before we can even begin to contemplate peaceful co-existence between the races,wemust appreciate each others problems.And to do this,we must learn about them:it is a simple exercise in communication,in exchanging information.Talk,talk,talk,the advocates of violence say,all you ever do is talk,and we are nonethe wiser.Its rather like the story of the famous barrister who painstakinglyexplained his case to the judge.After listening to a lengthy argument the judgecomplained that after all this talk,he was none the wiser.Possible,my lord,the barrister replied,none the wiser,but surely far better informed.Knowledgeis the necessary prerequisite to wisdom:the knowledge that violence creates the evilsit pretends to solve.1.What is the best title for this passage?A Advocating Violence.Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice.C Important People on Both Sides See Violence As a Legitimate Solution.D The Instincts of Human Race Are Thirsty for Violence.2.Recorded history has taught usA violence never solves anything.nothing.C the bloodshed means nothing.D everything.3.It can be inferred that truly reasonable men-5-A cant get a hearing.are looked down upon.C are persecuted.D Have difficulty in advocating law enforcement.4.“He was none the wiser”meansA he was not at all wise in listening.He was not at all wiser than nothing before.C He gains nothing after listening.D He makes no sense of the argument.5.According the author the best way to solve race prejudice isA law enforcement.knowledge.C nonviolence.D Mopping up the violent mess.Vocabulary1.acute严重的，剧烈的，敏锐的2.lootv.抢劫，掠夺；n.赃物3.pillagev.抢劫，掠夺4.crunchv.吱嘎吱嘎咬或嚼某物；n.碎裂声when it comes to the crunch=if/when the decisive moment comes.当关键时刻来到时。5.war-paint出战前涂于身上的颜料。（美印第安战士用）e to light=become known显露，为人所知7.sap剥削，使伤元气，破坏I was sapped by months of hospital treatment.我住院治疗几个月，大伤元气。8.mop up擦去，对付，处理9.wake船迹，航迹in the wake of sth.=come after 随某事之后到来。难句译注-6-1.What is really frightening,what really fills you with despair is the realizationthat when it comes to the crunch,we have made no actual progress at all.【结构简析】when it comes to the crunch=when/if the decisive moment comes.当关键时刻来到时。【参考译文】真正令人可怖的，令人绝望的是，在关键时刻，人们意识到我们一点儿也没有进步/前进。2.Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves in itswake.【结构简析】in the wake of 在之后。【参考译文】由于我们不得不清理掉暴力之后所留下的烂摊子，我们的力量因此削弱了。3.After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all this talk,he was none the wiser.【结构简析】none+the+比较级。固定用法，义：not at all 一点儿也不。EX:After thetreatment,he is none the better.治疗后，他并没有因此见好，（一点儿也不见好）。【参考译文】听了律师的长篇解释，法官抱怨说他一无所获，并不因此变得聪明些。4.Knowledge is the necessary prerequisite to wisdom.【参考译文】知识是智慧的必要的先决条件。结合上下文这里意思是：了解情况是解决问题的先决条件。句子后面的解释：知识是指了解它欲以解决暴力制造的恶行。写作方法与文章大意作者主要以对比的手法写出了暴力是有些国家用以解决种族差异的公认方法，这是人本性没有进步的表现，真正理智的人提出了法制才是解决问题的唯一途径，而这些人遭人轻视、迫害。作者指出如果我们把使用暴力的一半精力放在消除贫民窟，改善生活水平，提供教育和就业，清除暴力造成的后果，也就是通过对它以法治理是能真正解决种族问题的。尽管这些暴力者采取充耳不闻的态度。答案详解1.B 暴力难以消除种族偏见。文章一开始就提出有些国家种族偏见严重，而暴力却是公认的一种解决方法。白人采用暴力镇压，黑人以防火、掠抢为反抗。而双方的大人物平静地论及暴力，似乎这是一种合法的解决方案。作者就此指出人类的进步只在于表面衣饰等，人-7-类的本能没有改变。整个有记录历史的文件没有教会人类任何东西。这是真正令人可怕的事件。第二段论及真正有理智的懂得解决方案所在的人鼓吹法制，人们不停。他们反而收到轻视、迫害。作者就此提出假设，答出真正的解决方案嗜法制，以法治理。第三段进一步说明“交流、对话”是了解双方问题的前提，即使暴力者不同意，但知道暴力制造它假装要解决的罪恶，是智慧聪明的必要前提。A.鼓吹暴力。C.双方重要人物都把暴力作为合法的解决方案。D.人类的本性是嗜暴性。2.B 没有什么。第一段中就明确提出整个人类有记录历史又长又臭的暴力文件记录，一点都没有教给我们任何东西。A.暴力解决不了任何事情。C.杀戮（流血）没有任何意义。D.一切。3.D 在鼓吹法制方面有困难。答案在第二段，真正有理智的人鼓吹法制，遭到同类们的轻视、不信任和迫害。他们发现要人倾听他们的意见越来越困难。A.人们不听。B.遭人轻视。C.遭人迫害。这三项都包含在 D 项内。4.C 听后无所得。None the wiser 一点也不比以前聪明（这是按字面翻译）。实际就是 C 项。A.在倾听别人上他一点也不聪明。B.他和以前一个样。D.他听不懂论点。5.A 法制。第二段最后一句，如果我们在法律的构架中进行工作，真正的持久的解决总是能实现的。第二段第二句，他们遭到迫害是因为他们鼓吹法制这种显然令人不能容忍的事。B.知识。C.非暴力。D.处理暴力带来的混乱。阅读理解-BShay asked,“Do you think theyll let me play?”Shays father knew that mostof the boys would not want someone like Shay on their team,but the father alsounderstood that if his son,mentally and physically disabled,were allowed to play,it would give him a much-needed sense of belonging and some confidence.Shays father approached one of the boys on the field and asked if Shay couldplay,not expecting much.The boy looked around and said,“Were losing by six runs(分)and the game is in the eighth inning(局).I guess he can be on our team and welltry to put him in to bat in the final inning.-8-Shay struggled over to the teams bench and put on a team shirt with a broadsmile and his father had a small tear in his eye and warmth in heart.The boys sawthe fathers joy at his son being accepted.In the bottom of the eighth inning,Shays team scored a few runs but was stillbehind by three.In the top of the final inning,Shay put on a glove and played inthe field.Even though no hits came his way,he was obviously joyful just to be inthe game and on the field.In the bottom of the final inning,Shays team scoredagain.Now,Shay was scheduled to be next at bat.Would they let Shay bat and giveaway their chance to win the game?Surprisingly,Shay was given the bat.Everyone knew that a hit was almostimpossible.The first pitch(投)came and Shay missed.The pitcher again took a fewsteps forward to throw the ball softly towards Shay.As the pitch came in,Shay swungat the ball and hit a slow ground ball right back to the pitcher.The pitcher could have easily thrown he ball to the first baseman and Shay wouldhave been out and that would have been the end of the game.Instead,the pitcher threwthe ball right over the head of the first baseman,beyond the reach of all teammates,The audience and the players from both teams started screaming,“Shay,run to first!”Never in his life had Shay ever run that far but made it to first base,wide-eyedand shocked.Everyone should,“Run to second!”Catching his breath,Shay awkwardly rantowards second.By the time Shay rounded towards second base,the smallest guy ontheir team,who had a chance to be the hero for his team for the first time,couldhave thrown the ball to the second baseman,but he understood the pitchers intentionsand he too intentionally threw the ball high and far over the third basemans head.All were screaming，“Shay，Shay，Shay，all the way Shay.”Shay reached thirdbase when one opposing player ran to help him and shouted,“Shay,run to third.”As Shay rounded third,all were on their feet,crying,“Shay,run home！”Shay ranto home,stepped on the home base and was cheered as the hero who t won the game forhis team.That day,the boys from both teams helped bring a piece true love and humanity-9-into this world.Shay didnt make it to another summer and died that winter,havingnever forgotten being the hero and making his father so happy and coming home andseeing his mother tearfully hug her little hero of the day!()1.Not expecting much,Shays father still asked the boy if Shay could play,mainly because the father _.A.noticed some of the boys on the field were heistingB.guessed his presence would affect the boys decisionC.learned some of the boys on the field knew Shay wellD.understood Shay did need a feeling of being accepted()2.In the bottom of the final inning Shay was given the bat because the boys_.A.believed they were sure to win the gameB.would like to help Shay enjoy the gameC.found Shay was so eager to be a winnerD.fell forced to give Shay another chance()3.The smallest boy threw the ball high and far over the third basemans head,probably because that boy _.A.was obviously aware of the pitchers purposeB.looked forward to winning the game for his teamC.failed to throw the ball to the second basemanD.saw that Shay already reached second base()4.Which of the following has nothing to do with Shays becoming the hero forhis team?A.The pitcher did not throw the ball to the first baseman.B.The audience and the players from both teams cheered for him.C.The opposing players failed to stop his running to home.D.One of the opposing players ran to help him.()5.What to you think is the theme of the story?A.True human nature could be realized in the way we treat each other.B.Everyone has his own strength even if mentally or physically disabled.-10-C.Everyone can develop his team spirit in sports and please his parents.D.The results of the game should not be the only concern of the players.B 篇第四篇文章是一篇关于爱的教育的故事。一位父亲鼓励帮助自己心智和身体残疾的儿子，和正常人一样参与棒球运动，并且得到同伴的认可。文章富有教育意义。66.细节题。根据题干关键词定位到文章第一段，but 处出题，最后一句”it would givehim a much-needed sense of belonging and some confidence”得出答案 D 为正确选项。67.细节题。答案在原文第五段 surprisingly 处，显示了一种转折。在上一段讲了 Shay的团队赢分了，在上文 even though 点出尽管他没有一个球是他进的，但他仍然感到很喜悦。在第五段文章说他被伙伴们同意进入了最后一局。可见答案 B 是正确的，所有人都希望能够帮助他成功。68.细节题。根据题干将关键词定位到第七段”the smallest guy on their team”，这是个长难句，who 引导了一个非限制性定语从句，他本可以成为比赛最后的 hero,可 but 点出了转折，他明白 pitcher 的意图并且帮助了 Shay 的成功。可见答案 A 正确。69.推断题。题干问下面哪一项是和 Shay 的成功无关的。文章第八段最后说众人喊道:“Shay,run home”,当他 run home 之后，我们看到结果是他成功了，他成为了 Hero，可见没有任何人在这个时候阻止了他。可见 C 选项是与他的成功无关的，为正确选项。70.主旨大意题。文章处处渗透了球队人与人之间的相互尊重，因此 A 选项包容性最大，B,C,D 都是很片面的。