形容词副词的比较级和最高级常用句型总结- 高三英语一轮复习素材.doc

形容词，副词的比较级和最高级常用句型总结高考英语语法总复习一、基础句型：1. 形容词，副词比较级（原形+er）than .单音节和部分双音节词，在原形后面加er构成比较级，如果是以“辅音加y结尾”的词，改y为i再加er。In the country it's usually quieter at night than in the cities.在乡下，晚上通常比城市安静。The eagle flies faster than most birds.鹰比大多数鸟飞得快。If you grow your vegetables, they'll be fresher that those you buy from the markets.如果你种蔬菜，它们会比你从市场上买的更新鲜。He always arrives earlier than any other workmates.他总是比其他同事来得早。He works harder than any other students in the class.他比班上其他学生都用功。（与一个范围内的其它人/物比较，记得用 any other .）His house is much bigger than mine.他的房子比我的大得多。On average the housing prices are three times higher than twenty years ago .平均来说，房价是二十年前的三倍。（比较级前可以用much, a little, far和表示倍数的词等修饰。）2. 形容词，副词比较级（more +原形）than.部分双音节和多音节词，用 “more +原形”构成比较级，Jack is more handsome than his twin brother.杰克比他的孪生兄弟英俊。He goes to work more often by bike than by bus.他上班经常骑自行车，而不是坐公共汽车。Is it more important to develop the economy than (to) protect the environment?发展经济比保护环境更重要吗？Do you think football is more exciting than basketball?你认为足球比篮球更刺激吗？I'm more interested in old films from the twentieth century (than newly-made ones).我对二十世纪的老电影（比新拍的电影）更感兴趣。3. 形容词，副词比较级不规则变化 than.good(好的)，well(健康的): betterbad (坏的)， ill(有病的)/ worseold (老的)： older/eldermuch，many(多的)： morelittle(少的)： lessfar (远的)： farther/furtherNo one knows more about Europe than he (does).没有人比他更了解欧洲。We are living a better life than in the past.我们现在的生活比过去好了。This time, we'll travel farther into the woods than last time.这次，我们将比上次更加深入森林。4. as 形容词，副词原形 as .表示“与. 一样”，为同级比较，要用“as 形容词，副词原形 as .”。I go to the library as often as he does.我和他一样经常去图书馆。No one can walk in the outer space as easily as on Earth.没有人能像地球上那样轻易地在外太空行走。In the house, it is as warm as in Spring.房子里和春天一样暖和。He is as clever as (he is) handsome.他很聪明，又长的英俊。注意：1）否定形式中，as往往改为so：The singer is not so/as popular as (he was) last year.这位歌手没有去年那么受欢迎。He doesn't read so/as fast as his sister.他看书没有他姐姐快。2）as . as .前面可以用倍数词修饰：The classroom is twice as large as that one.这个教室有那个教室的两倍大。In the company, he earns three times as much as he used to.在这家公司里，他的收入是过去的两倍。The expected life of females span is twice as long as two centuries ago.女性的预期寿命是两个世纪前的两倍。注意：倍数词修饰名词有时也可以表达相同的意思：It was over twice the distance from London to Paris.它的距离是从伦敦到巴黎的距离两倍多。= Its distance is twice as far as that of London to Paris.5. the + 形容词，副词最高级（原形加est）单音节和部分双音节词，在原形后面加est构成最高级，如果是以“辅音加y结尾”的词，改y为i再加est。It's the hottest day of this summer.今天是夏天里最热的一天。You are the kindest person I've met.你是我见过的最善良的人。It's one of the most exciting movies that I've ever seen.这是我看过的最激动人心的电影之一。He runs (the) fastest of the three (boys).他是三个男孩中跑得最快的。The oldest man in the village is 105 (years old).村里最年长的人是105岁。Mount Everest is the highest mountain peak in the world.珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。The fastest ants in the world can travel 108 times their body length per second. That is 10 times quicker than the fastest human on the planet.世界上跑得最快的蚂蚁每秒能跑它们身长108倍的距离，速度是地球上速度最快的人的10倍。注意：副词的最高级前the可以省略。a + 最高级，一般是“非常.”的意思。It's a best view looking out from here.从这里看出去是景色非常美。It's a most important day in my life.这是我生命中极为重要的一天。6. the most +原形部分双音节和多音节词，用 “the most +形容词，副词原形”构成最高级，Shanghai is the most modern city in China.上海是中国最现代化的城市。 That's the most beautiful town I've ever visited!那是我到过最美的小镇！ Which river is the shortest among the three?这些河流中，哪条最短？7. 最高级的不规则变化：good(好的)，well(健康的)：bestbad (坏的)， ill(有病的)： worstold (老的)： oldest/eldestmuch，many(多的)：mostlittle(少的)： leastfar (远的)：farthest/furthestOf all the four seasons, I like Autumn the most.在一年四季中，我最喜欢秋天。He eats the least at dinner.他晚餐吃得最少。It's the worst restaurant in the town.这是城里最差的餐馆。二、特殊句型：1. the 比较级., the 比较级 .表示“越.，越.”The sooner the better.越快越好。The more haste, the less speed.欲速则不达。The harder you work, the better grades you get.你越努力，成绩就越好。The longer you stay with her, the more you learn.你和她在一起越久，你学到的东西就越多。The more you give, the more you get.你付出的越多，得到的越多。2. 比较级+比较级表示“越来越.”It becomes colder and colder in December.十二月天气越来越冷。My girl grows taller and taller.我女儿越来越高了。The train ran faster and faster until it disappeared in the distance.火车跑得越来越快，直到消失在远处。More and more endangered species are being protected.越来越多的濒危物种得到保护。3. . as . as possible/ one can表示“尽可能.”I'll be here as early as possible/ I can.我会尽早过来。To stay healthy, one should take as much exercise as possible/ you can.为了保持健康，人们应该尽可能多地锻炼身体。4. not so . as .与其说是倒不如说是He is not so clever as diligent.与其说他聪明倒不如说他勤奋。She is not so kind as simple.与其说她善良不如说她单纯。She was not so much nervous as impatient for the journey to be over.她与其说紧张，不如说不耐烦地等着旅行结束。He is not so much a writer as a scholar.与其说他是一个学者不如说他是一个作家。He is not so much a genius as a hard worker.他的努力胜于天份。