状语从句的分类讲解和省略总结学案 高考英语语法总复习.doc

状语从句的分类讲解和省略总结高考英语语法总复习状语从句的分类讲解状语从句如果一个完整的句子修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等，充当状语的成分，那么这个句子就叫作状语从句。状语从句由从属连词引导。它的位置既可放在句首也可放在句末分类时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句目的状语从句结果状语从句让步状语从句条件状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句时间状语从句时间状语从句表示主句动作发生的时间。常见的引导词有：when 当时while 在期间as 当时，一边一边after 在之后before 在之前since 自从until / till 直到as soon as 一.就whenever 任何时候When the fire broke out, all the students were sleeping soundly.当火灾发生时，所有的学生正在熟睡中。I had already got home when it began to rain.开始下雨时，我已经到家了。As soon as I have finished,I'II give you a call.我一完成工作，就给你打电话。It is three years since he joined the army.他参军已经3年了。地点状语从句地点状语从句表示主句动作的地点和场所，通常用连接副词引导从句常见的引导词有：where 在地方wherever 无论在地方Put it where it is.把它放在原处。Wherever he went, he was kindly received.他无论走到哪里，都会受到友好接待。原因状语从句原因状语从句由 because，as，for 等引导He didn't come to school because he was ill.他没有上学，因为他病了。Since she can't answer this question,it's better to ask someone else.既然她不会回答这个问题，你最好还是另找一个人。目的状语从句目的状语从句常由so that 为了；以便in order that 为了等引导We study hard so that we can go to college.我们努力学习以便能考上大学。结果状语从句结果状语从句常由so that 以至于so.that. 如此.以至于such.that. 如此.以至于等引导He studied carefully and hard so that he passed the exam.他学习既仔细又努力，因此通过考试了。It was such a hot day that we all went swimming.天气这么热，我们都去游泳了。让步状语从句让步状语从句一般用though 虽然although 虽然even though / if 即使等引导He went on working though it was very late.虽然很晚了，他还在继续工作。Though he doesn't like writing letters,he likes receiving letters.虽然他不喜欢写信，但他喜欢收到来信。条件状语从句条件状语从句常由if 如果unless 如果不，除非as / so long as 只要等引导If you work hard, you will catch up with others.如果你努力学习，你会赶上其他同学的。方式状语从句方式状语从句常由 as，as ifthough 等连词引导Do it as I do it.照我的样子做这件事。The injured man acted as if nothing had happened to him.这个受伤的男子行动起来似乎什么都没发生。比较状语从句比较状语从句常由than 比as.as. 和.一样等连词引导John is taller than his brother.约翰比他的弟弟高。I'm as tall as you.我和你一样高。状语从句的省略总结状语从句是副词性从句，由连词引导从句在一个句子中做状语。状语从句的省略是指将从句里的一些成分省略，使它简化为时间、因果关系或比较关系的副词短语。状语从句不一定可以省略，我们要记住：第一，只有当主句和从句的主语相同时，从句才可以省略。1)Because he has a test next week, he is studying very hard.2)Because he has a test next week, his parents have put off their trip to Beijing.1）句中原因状语从句的主语和主句的主语都是he，从句可以省略。Having a test next week, he is studying very hard.2）句中原因状语从句的主语（he）和主句的主语（his parents）不同，从句不可以省略。第二，时间、原因、条件、方式、让步和比较状语从句可以省略。英语中常见的状语从句有时间、原因、结果、比较、条件、方式、让步和地点状语从句。不是所有的副词从句都能省略。其中只有时间、原因关系和比较状语从句才常用省略形式。原因状语从句除外，其他从句一般省略主语，谓语动词转化为现在分词（主动关系）或过去分词（被动关系）；谓语是系表结构，系动词也省略，留下表语（形容词，介词短语）1，原因状语从句从句中连词和主语省略，谓语变非谓语动词短语Because she worked late, she took a taxi home.Working late, she took a taxi home.因为工作到很晚，她乘出租车回家。Since I was thirsty, I wanted to have something to drink first.Being thirsty, I wanted to have something to drink first.因为我口渴，我想先喝点东西。2，条件状语从句Would you call me back in two hours if it is possible?Would you call me back in two hours if possible?如果可能的话，两小时内给我回电话好吗？You're not to leave your station unless youre told.You're not to leave your station unless told.除非有人告诉你，否则你不能离开岗位。3，方式状语从句The girl sat there still, as if she was rooted to her chair.The girl sat there still, as if rooted to her chair.女孩一动不动地坐在那里，好像在椅子上扎了根似的。All of them stared at him intently, as though they were trying to understand something.All of them stared at him intently, as though trying to understand something.他们都目不转睛地盯着他，好像在试图理解什么。4，让步状语从句Though he had a lot of money, he didn't have many friends.Though having a lot of money, he didn't have many friends.虽然他有很多钱，但朋友不多。Although she was young, she was calm and confident on the stage.Although young, she was calm and confident on the stage.虽然很年轻，但她在舞台上冷静自信。5，比较状语从句The movie was much better than it was expected.The movie is much better than expected.这部电影比预期的要好得多。6，时间状语从句Know your own faults before you blame others for theirs.Know your own faults before blaming others for theirs.正人先知己。She felt a stomachache after she had eaten some strawberries.She felt a stomachache after eating some strawberries.她吃了些草莓后感到胃痛。Since I left Hangzhou, I have never returned there.Since leaving Hangzhou, I have never returned there.注意：as引导时间状语从句，as也得省略As she was driving to work, she saw a deer in the road.Driving to work, she saw a deer in the road.她开车去上班时，看见路上有一只鹿。Driving to work可以看做伴随状语。as soon as最好以"upon" or "on"替换，谓语动词变动名词As soon as she finished the report, she gave it to the boss.Upon finishing the report, she gave it to the boss.她一写完报告，就把它交给了老板。As soon as we woke up, we got our fishing poles and went to the lake.On waking up, we got our fishing poles and went to the lake.我们一睡醒，就拿着钓竿去了湖边。