中国特色词翻译培训资料.doc

Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精，善益求善。中国特色词翻译-1、中国意念词（Chinesenesses）八卦trigram阴、阳yin,yang道Dao（cf.logo）江湖（世界）thejianghuWorld（thetraitsworld）e.g.Youcantcontroleverythinginatraitsworld.(人在江湖，身不由己)道Daoism（Taoism）上火excessiveinternalheat儒学Confucianism红学（红楼梦研究）redology世外桃源Shangri-laorArcadia开放kaifang（Chineseopennesstotheoutsideworld）大锅饭gettinganequalshareregardlessoftheworkdone伤痕文学scarliteratureortheliteratureofthewounded不搞一刀切noimposinguniformityon合乎国情，顺乎民意toconformwiththenationalconditionsandthewillofthepeople乱摊派，乱收费impositionofarbitraryquotasandservicecharge铁交椅iron(lifetime)posts;guaranteedleadingpost脱贫toshakeoffpoverty;anti-poverty治则兴，乱则衰Orderleadstoprosperityandchaostodecline2、中华民族的喜庆节日（ChineseFestivial）国庆节NationalDay中秋节Mid-AutumnDay/Festival春节SpringFestival元宵节LanternFestival儿童节ChildrensDay端午节DragonBoatFestival妇女节WomensDay泼水节Water-SplashingDay教师节TeachersDay五四青年节YouthDay3、中国独特的传统饮食（UniqueTraditionalChineseFoods）馄饨wonton锅贴guotie(friedjiaozi)花卷steamedtwistedrolls套餐setmeal盒饭boxlunch;Chinesetake-away米豆腐ricetofu魔芋豆腐konjaktofu米粉ricenoodles冰糖葫芦astickofsugar-coatedhaws(orapples,etc.)火锅chafingdish八宝饭eight-treasurericepudding粉丝glassnoodles豆腐脑jelliedbeancurd4、中国新兴事物（NewlySproutedThings）中国电信ChinaTelecom中国移动ChinaMobile十五计划the10thFive-YearPlan中国电脑联网Chinanet三峡工程theThreeGorgesProject希望工程ProjectHope京九铁路BeijingCKowloonRailway扶贫工程Anti-PovertyProject菜篮子工程VegetableBasketProject温饱工程Decent-LifeProject安居工程EconomyHousingProject扫黄Porn-PurgingCampaign西部大开发Go-WestCampaign5、特有的一些汉语词汇禅宗ZenBuddhism禅dhyana;dhgaya混沌chaos道Daosim,thewayanditspower四谛FourNobleTruth八正道EightfoldPath无常anity五行说TheoryofFiveElements无我anatman坐禅mettaortranscendentalmeditation空sunyata虚无nothingness双喜doublehappiness(中)，adoubledstrokeofluck(英)小品wittyskits相声cross-talk噱头；掉包袱gimmick,stunt夜猫子nightpeople;night-owls本命年thisanimalyearofsb.处世之道philosophyoflife姻缘yinyuan（prefixedfateofmarriage）还愿redeemawish(vows)6、具有文化特色的现代表述大陆中国MainlandChina红宝书littleredbook红色中国socialistChina四化FourModernizations终生职业job-for-life铁饭碗ironricebowl大锅饭communalpot关系户closely-relatedunits外出打工人员migrantworkers关系网personalnets,closely-knittedguild五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：theFiveMeritsfocusondecorum,manners,hygiene,disciplinesandmorals四美（心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美）：theFourVirtuesaregoldenheart,refinedlanguage,civilizedbehavior,andgreenenvironment7、中国古代独特事物（UniqueAncientChineseItems）宣纸ricepaper衙门yamen叩头kowtow孔子Confucius牌楼pailou；pai-loo武术wushu（ChineseMartialArts）功夫kungfu；kungfu中庸thewayofmedium（cf.GoldenMeans）中和harmony(zhonghe)孝顺toshowfilialobedience孝子dutifulson家长familyhead三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲threecardinalguides:rulerguidessubject,fatherguidessonhusbandguideswife五常：仁、义、理、智、信fiveconstantvirtues:benevolence(humanity),righteousness,propriety,wisdomandfidelity八股文eight-leggedessays多子多福：Themoresons/children,themoreblessing/greathappiness养儿防老：raisingsonstosupportoneinonesoldage8、近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译基层监督grass-rootssupervision基础税率basetarifflevel婚介所matrimonialagency婚外恋extramaritallove婚纱摄影bridephoto黑心棉shoddycotton机器阅卷machinescoring即开型奖券scratch-openticket/lottery集中精力把经济建设搞上去goalloutforeconomicdevelopment价格听证会publicpricehearings甲A球队DivisionASoccerTeam家政服务householdmanagementservice加强舆论监督ensurethecorrectorientationismaintainedinpublicopinion假帐accountingfraud叫板challenge;pickaquarrel矫情uselamearguments渐进式台独gradualTaiwanindependence借调temporarilytransfer扩大中等收入者比重Raisetheproportionofthemiddle-incomegroup.扩大内需，刺激消费expanddomesticdemandandconsumption9全国人民代表大会NationalPeoplesCongress(NPC)主席团Presidium常务委员会StandingCommittee中华人民共和国主席PresidentofthePeoplesRepublicofChina中央军事委员会CentralMilitaryCommission国务院StateCouncil信息产业部MinistryofInformationIndustry文化部MinistryofCulture卫生部MinistryofPublicHealth外交部MinistryofForeignAffairs国防部MinistryofNationalDefence教育部MinistryofEducation公安部MinistryofPublicSecurity国家安全部MinistryofStateSecurity中国人民银行PeoplesBankofChina中国科学院ChineseAcademyofSciences中国社会科学院ChineseAcademyofSocialSciences中国工程院ChineseAcademyofEngineering最高人民法院SupremePeoplesCourt最高人民检察院SupremePeoplesProcuratorate中国共产党中央委员会CentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina中央政治局PoliticalBureauoftheCentralCommitteeoftheCPC中央政治局常务委员会StandingCommitteeofthePoliticalBureauoftheCPC中央书记处SecretariatoftheCentralCommitteeoftheCPC中央军事委员会CentralMilitaryCommissionoftheCPC中央纪律检查委员会CentralCommissionforDisciplineInspectionoftheCPC中央办公厅GeneralOffice,CCCPC中国人民政治协商会议TheChinesePeoplesPoliticalConsultativeConference(CPPCC)中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会NationalCommitteeoftheCPPCC中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会常务委员会StandingCommitteeoftheNationalCommitteeoftheCPPCC中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会办公厅GeneralOfficesoftheCPPCCNationalCommittee专门委员会SpecialCommittee中国人民政治协商委员会地方委员会CPPCCLocalCommittees中国政党ChineseParties中国共产党(中共)CommunistPartyofChina(CPC)中国国民党革命委员会(民革)RevolutionaryCommitteeoftheChineseKuomintang中国民主同盟(民盟)ChineseDemocraticLeague中国民主建国会(民建)ChinaDemocraticNationalConstructionAssociation中国民主促进会(民进)ChinaAssociationforPromotingDemocracy中国农工民主党ChinesePeasantsandWorkersDemocraticParty中国致公党ChinaZhiGongDang九三学社JiuSanSociety中国各级党政机关干部名称译名中共中央总书记GeneralSecretary,theCPCCentralCommittee政治局常委Member,StandingCommitteeofPoliticalBureau,theCPCCentralCommittee政治局委员Member,PoliticalBureauoftheCPCCentralCommittee书记处书记Member,secretariatoftheCPCCentralCommittee中央委员Member,CentralCommittee候补委员AlternateMember省委/市委书记Secretary,Provincial/MunicipalCommitteeoftheCPC中华人民共和国主席/副主席President/VicePresident,thePeoplesRepublicofChina全国人大委员长/副委员长Chairman/ViceChairman,NationalPeoplesCongress秘书长Secretary-General主任委员Chairman委员Member（地方人大）主任Chairman,LocalPeoplesCongress人大代表DeputytothePeoplesCongress国务院总理Premier,StateCouncil国务委员StateCouncilor秘书长Secretary-General（国务院各委员会）主任MinisterinChargeofCommissionfor（国务院各部）部长Minister部长助理AssistantMinister司长Director局长Director省长Governor常务副省长ExecutiveViceGovernor自治区人民政府主席Chairman,AutonomousRegionalPeoplesGovernment-