形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 鲁教版英语八年级上册.doc

形容词、副词的比较级和最高级1. 形容词和副词的原级比较:当相比较的两者、两部分在程度上相同或相近时，可用原级比较。结构:a.肯定:as+原级+as 和.一样 Tom is as old as me/ Tim plays basketball as well as Mike.b.否定:not as/s0+原级+as 不如.(前者不如后者) This book isn't as interesting as that one.He doesn't play as well as Jack.2.形容词和副词的比较级:a,当两者或两部分相比较，表示“.比.更.”时，用比较级。Tom is taller than me./ He runs faster than me./Which do you like better, tea or coffee?c.比较级的规则变化:(1)一般在词尾加er 如:great- greater,soon-sooner.(2)以字母e结尾的词直接加r 如:nice -nicer,late-later(3)以辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母构成重读闭音节结构，双写最后一个辅音字母再加er.如:big- bigger, hot-hotter(4)以辅音字母+y结尾的，把y变为i再加er.如:happy-happier,early- earlier.(5)部分双音节和多音节词在词前加more.如:interesting-more interesting.difficult- more difficult(6)以动词+ed/ing构成的形容词变比较级前加more，如:bore-boring-more boring.bore- bored -more bored.relax- relaxing- more relaxing. relax-relaxed -more relaxed(7)以形容词+ly构成的副词，变比较级前加more.cheap- cheaply -more cheaply.Comfortable- comfortably- more comfortablye.比较级的用法:(1)adj/adv比较级+than 比.更. Eric runs faster than Lisa.(2)the 比较级.，the比较级.，越.，越. The busier he is, the happier he feels.(3)比较级 and 比较级 越来越. The day is getting colder and colder.(4)the +比较级+of the two. 两者中较.的 Mary is the more beautiful of the two girls. c.比较级的修饰语:much/even/far/a lot/still/a little/a bit/a great deal,倍数等词修饰3.形容词、副词的最高级:a.用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较。在句中使用时，最高级前要加the，副词的最高级前可以省略the。句中常含有比较范围的介词of或in，of+一群人或事物的代词或名词，in后面一般接表示单位或场所的名词。例句:Bill is the tallest boy of our three./Jane has the most friends in our class.He runs the fastest of all./Who is the smartest,Tom,Jack or Mary? Its the hottest day this week.b.形容词最高级的特殊用法:(1)序数词后用最高级。在表达“第几(长、大、远.)”时，序数词后用adj的最高级形式。The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.(2)在表达“最.的.之一”时，用最高级，构成“one of the+adj最高级+可数名词复数”Mo Yan is one of the most famous writers in China.(3)在表达“某人的最.”时，用“某人的+adj的最高级+n”Lisa is my best friend.(4) “the+最高级+of/in/among.”与比较级+than any other+n单数 He is the tallest boy in our class=He is taller than any other boy.4. 形容词、副词变最高级的变化规则: a,规则变化:(1)一般在词尾加est.如:great-greatest,soon-soonest(2)以字母e结尾的词直接加st.如:nice nicest,late-latest(3)以辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母构成重读闭音节结构，双写最后一个辅音字母再加est.如:big biggest,hot-hottest(4)以辅音字母+y结尾的，把y变为i再加est.如:happy-happiest,early-earliest.(5)部分双音节和多音节词在词前加most,如:interesting-most interestingdifficult- most difficult(5) 以动词+ed/ing构成的形容词变最高级前加most如:bore-boring-most boring.bore-bored- most bored. relax- relaxing- most relaxing. Relax-relaxed- most relaxed(6) 以形容词+ly构成的副词，变最高级前加most 如:cheap -cheaply-most cheaply.(7) comfortable -comfortably-most comfortably形容词和副词比较级、最高级的不规则变化:good/well-better-best many/much-more-most bad/badly/ill-worse-worstLittle-less-least far-farther(只指距离)/further(距离程度)-farthest/furthest old-older(年龄新旧血缘)/elder(只指血缘)-oldest/eldest一.写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级:1.nice 2.fat 3.slow 4.dry 5.happy 6.wet 7.much _8.ill 9.little 10.bad 11.thin 12.far13.early 14.careful 15.exciting 16.well 17.friendly 18.green 19.few 20.busy 二.根据句意，用括号内所给形容词的比较级形式填空:1.Mr.smith is man in this office. (rich)2.Winter is season of the years.(cold)3.This radio is not so _ as that one.(cheap)4.lt is much today than yesterday.(hot)5.She is a little than her classmates.(careful)6._ people came to the meeting than last time.(many)7.Which book is_, this one or that one? (easy)8.My room is _ than yours.(small)9.Hainan is from Beijing than Hunan.(far)10.Skating is _ than swimming.(exciting)11.Jim is than all the others.(tall)12.Things are getting and .(bad)13.The higher you climb,the _ it will be.(cold)14.Now our lives are becoming_ and_.(good)15.There are _ boys than girls in our class.(few)16.The_ (hard) you work,the_ (happy) your parents will be.17.He is_ (tall) of the two.18.Of all the subjects, he likes English_ (well).19.He runs (fast) of the three.20.He got (good) grades in his class.三、用适当形式填空:1.Bob is (young)than Fred,but (tall) than Fred.2.Jim is not as (tall) as jack.3.Almost all the students' faces are the same,but Li Deming looks _ (fat) than beforeafter the summer holidays.4.Which is (heavy),the hen or the chicken?5-How (tall) is sally? she's 1.55 meters (tall).what about Xiao ling?- she's only 1.40 meters (tall). she is much (short) than sally. she is also the (short) girl in the class.5. He is (bad) at learning maths. He is much _ (bad) at Chinese and he is the(bad) at English.7.Annie says sally is the _ (kind) person in the world.8.He is one of the (friendly) people in the class,l think.9.A dictionary is much (expensive) than a story-book.10.An orange is a little _ (big) than an apple,but much _ (small) than a watermelon.5