高中动名词的用法精选PPT.ppt

关于高中动名词的用法现在学习的是第1页，共34页1 1 构构成成2功功能能3时时态态4语语态态5复复合合结结构构6名名词词化化动名词动名词现在学习的是第2页，共34页一一、动名词及动名词短语的构成动名词及动名词短语的构成1.构成方式：构成方式：语态语态时态时态主动主动被动被动一般式一般式 doing being done完成式完成式 having done having been done 2.否定式：否定式：not+动名词动名词(doing)的各种形式的各种形式现在学习的是第3页，共34页3.动名词的复合结构：动名词的复合结构：动名词前可以有自己的逻辑主语，作为该动词动名词前可以有自己的逻辑主语，作为该动词所表示的的发出者。如：所表示的的发出者。如：their coming,my(me)making a suggestion,his daughters staying up late window being open现在学习的是第4页，共34页二、动名词的句法功能二、动名词的句法功能（一）动名词作主语（一）动名词作主语（二）动名词作宾语（二）动名词作宾语（三）动名词作表语（三）动名词作表语（四）动名词作定语（四）动名词作定语现在学习的是第5页，共34页（一）动名词作主语（一）动名词作主语动名词作主语多表示抽象的、一般性的动作。动名词作主语多表示抽象的、一般性的动作。1.Swimminghasitsadvantage.2.Talkingmendsnoholes.空谈无济于事。空谈无济于事。3.Learningwithoutpracticeisnogood.4.Thereisnottellingwhatwillhappen.无法预料无法预料会发生什么事。会发生什么事。现在学习的是第6页，共34页1.名词作主语，有时句中使用形式主语名词作主语，有时句中使用形式主语it而将真正主而将真正主语（动名词）放到句尾。常用的结构有：语（动名词）放到句尾。常用的结构有：It is+n.+doing.It is+adj.+doingThere is(was)no doing(=It is possible to do).It is no use writing to him;he never answers letters.It is good playing chess after supper.There is no holding back the wheel of history.注意注意现在学习的是第7页，共34页2.适用于以上结构的名词（短语）有：适用于以上结构的名词（短语）有：3.nouse,nogood,fun,awaste(oftime),agreatpleasure,等等4.形容词有：形容词有：5.useless,nice,good,interesting,worthwhile,foolish,dangerous等。如：等。如：Itisnogoodlearningwithoutpractice.Itisawasteoftime(worthwhile)discussingsuchmatters.现在学习的是第8页，共34页1.-WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset？-_hernewbicycle.A.AsshelostBLostCLosingDtolose现在学习的是第9页，共34页（二）动名词作宾语（二）动名词作宾语动名词（短语）作宾语包括作谓语动词的宾语和作动名词（短语）作宾语包括作谓语动词的宾语和作介词的宾语两个概念。介词的宾语两个概念。1.作介词的宾语。作介词的宾语。2.she left without saying goodbye to us.3.He insisted on watching the football game.4.They succeeded in getting over all the difficulties.5.They all objected to putting the meeting off.现在学习的是第10页，共34页注意注意 在一些动名词（短语）作介词在一些动名词（短语）作介词in的宾语的宾语 的的结构中，介词结构中，介词in 可以省略。这些结构有：可以省略。这些结构有：1.difficulty trouble S+have+problem +(in)doing.a good/hard time fun2.There is no point(in)doing sth.3.be busy S+lose time+(in)doing.waste time 4.S+spend time/money(in)doing sth.现在学习的是第11页，共34页2.与动词不定式相似，动名词作宾语也是由一些及物与动词不定式相似，动名词作宾语也是由一些及物动词专门要求的。常要求作宾语的动词有：动词专门要求的。常要求作宾语的动词有：admit承认，承认，anticipate预料，预料，appreciate感谢，感谢，avoid，cant help禁不住，禁不住，consider思考，思考，delay耽搁，耽搁，deny否认，否认，dislike，dread惧怕，惧怕，enjoy,escape,excuse,fancy想象，想象，finish,forbid禁止禁止,forgive,imagine,pardon,permit,postpone延迟延迟,practice,prevent预防预防,propose提议，提议，recollect回忆，回忆，resent怨恨，怨恨，resist,risk冒险冒险,save,suggest建议，建议，understand等。等。现在学习的是第12页，共34页注意注意在带有宾补的结构中，往往用在带有宾补的结构中，往往用it作形式宾语而将作形式宾语而将真正宾语（动名词）放在句尾。真正宾语（动名词）放在句尾。1.I consider it a waste of time arguing about it.2.We found it useless discussing it again.3.I dont think it worthwhile doing it right now.thinkconsideruselessS+find+nouse+doingfeellikenogoodetc.现在学习的是第13页，共34页2.Ourmonitorsuggested_adiscussionofthissubject.AtohaveBshouldhaveChaveDhaving3.Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.-Well，nowIregret_that.AtodoBtobedoingCtohavedoneDhavingdone现在学习的是第14页，共34页5、Shelooksforwardeveryspringto_theflower-linedgardenAvisitBpayavisitCwalkinDwalkingin6.TheletterthatIwaslookingforwardto_atlast.A.comingB.cameC.comeD.beingcome7.Whatdoyouthinkofthebook？-Oh，excellentItsworth_asecondtimeAtoreadBtobereadCreadingDbeingread现在学习的是第15页，共34页（三）动名词作表语（三）动名词作表语动名词动名词(短语短语)作表语用来表示主语的内容。作表语用来表示主语的内容。1.Her job is nursing patients.2.My favorite summer sport is swimming.现在学习的是第16页，共34页（四）动名词作定语（四）动名词作定语 动名词作定语放在所修饰的名词之前，动名词作定语放在所修饰的名词之前，表示所修饰的名词的表示所修饰的名词的功能、作用功能、作用。1.These passages may be used as listening materials.2.Mr.Wang suffers from insomnia(失眠失眠),he has to take a sleeping tablets before going to bed.3.He is too old and has to walk with the help of a walking stick.现在学习的是第17页，共34页三、动名词的时态三、动名词的时态(一一)、一般式、一般式(doing)(二二)、完成式、完成式(havingdone)现在学习的是第18页，共34页(一一)、一般式、一般式(doing)动名词一般式所表示的动作通常与谓语动词动名词一般式所表示的动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作所表示的动作同时同时发生或在谓语动作发生或在谓语动作之后之后发发生。生。1.By reviewing the old,you can learn something new.2.Some people are interested in singing.3.Children enjoy watching animated cartoon.某些动词后，动名词所表示的动作虽然发生在谓语动某些动词后，动名词所表示的动作虽然发生在谓语动作之前，但仍用动名词的一般式。作之前，但仍用动名词的一般式。I dont remember ever seeing her anywhere.He mentioned meeting the governor at the reception.现在学习的是第19页，共34页(二二)、完成式、完成式(havingdone)动名词的完成式所表示的动作在谓语动作动名词的完成式所表示的动作在谓语动作之前之前发生。发生。1.I regret having been unable to write you earlier.2.He denied having taken any money from the cash register.3.I apologize for not having kept my promise.4.We have no ideas of their having done such a thing.现在学习的是第20页，共34页四、动名词的被动语态四、动名词的被动语态（一）一般式（一）一般式（beingdone)（二）完成式（二）完成式（havingbeendone)现在学习的是第21页，共34页（一）一般式（一）一般式（beingdone)当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是该动作的对象（即动名词所表示的动作与逻辑主语有动宾关系）时，动名词一般要用被动式。1.He came in without being asked.2.I dont mind being left home all by myself.3.He disliked being interrupted in his experiment.4.Tom avoided being punished because of his fathers absence.5.Before being used,the computer should be tested.现在学习的是第22页，共34页注意注意在在want,need,deserve,require 等动词及等动词及形容词形容词worth后，总是用动名词的后，总是用动名词的主动形式主动形式表示被动意义表示被动意义，相当于，相当于“tobe+过去分词过去分词”。1.My watch needs repairing(=to be repaired).2.The house wants cleaning.3.The way deserves mentioning.这个方法值得一提。这个方法值得一提。4.These young trees will require looking after carefully.5.The Selected Poems is well worth reading.现在学习的是第23页，共34页（二）完成式（二）完成式（havingbeendone)如果动名词所表示的被动动作在谓语所表如果动名词所表示的被动动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，有时需要用动名词的示的动作之前发生，有时需要用动名词的完成被动式。完成被动式。但大多数情况下都避免使用这但大多数情况下都避免使用这种完成被动式，而用一般被动式代替，以免种完成被动式，而用一般被动式代替，以免句子显得累赘。句子显得累赘。1.I dont remember having ever been giving such a book.2.Without having been invited to the party,he felt sad.现在学习的是第24页，共34页1.Whileshopping，peoplesometimescanthelp_intobuyingsomethingtheydontreallyneedAtopersuadeBpersuadingCbeingpersuadedDbepersuaded2:Tonywasveryunhappyfor_tothepartyAhavingnotbeeninvitedBnothavinginvitedChavingnotinvitedDnothavingbeeninvited现在学习的是第25页，共34页五、动名词的复合结构五、动名词的复合结构动名词具有动词的特征，因此它可有自己的逻辑主语动名词具有动词的特征，因此它可有自己的逻辑主语。如果需要指出动名词动作的发出者，可在动名词前。如果需要指出动名词动作的发出者，可在动名词前加一加一物主代词、名词所有格、名词物主代词、名词所有格、名词或或人称代词宾格人称代词宾格来来修饰，表示动名词逻辑上的主语这样就构成了修饰，表示动名词逻辑上的主语这样就构成了动动名词的复合结构。名词的复合结构。1.Do you mind my(me)making a suggestion?2.Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.3.My daughters staying up so late worried me.4.I know nothing about the window being open.5.Are you disappointed at there not being more gifts?6.She was awakened by someone knocking at the door.现在学习的是第26页，共34页1.Sheapologisedtomefor_toinformmeofthechangeintheplan.A.hernotbeingableB.herbeingnotableC.notbeingableD.thatshesnotableto2.Ireallyappreciate(感激感激)_helptome,butIamsurethatIcanmanagebymyself.A.youtoofferB.thatyouofferC.yourofferingD.thatyouareoffering3.Itwasimpoliteofhim_without_good-bye.A.toleave;sayingB.leaving;tosayC.toleave;tosayD.leaving;saying现在学习的是第27页，共34页4.IcanhardlyimaginePeter_acrosstheAtlanticOceanwithin15days.A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed5.Thecompetitorneverdreamedof_forhimtowinthefirstprizeinthe100-metrerace.A.therewasachanceB.therebeingachanceC.itbeingachanceD.itwasachance6._madeherparentsworriedalot.A.HernottocomebackB.NothertocomebackC.NothercomingbackD.Hernotcomingback现在学习的是第28页，共34页六、名词性动名词六、名词性动名词有时一个动名词既不带宾语、状语也没有完成时态和有时一个动名词既不带宾语、状语也没有完成时态和被动语态，失去了动词的特征而更多地具有了名词的被动语态，失去了动词的特征而更多地具有了名词的特点，如动名词前可加不定冠词特点，如动名词前可加不定冠词“a”,词后加表示复数词后加表示复数的的“s”，可被形容词修饰。这种动名词称为，可被形容词修饰。这种动名词称为名词性名词性动名词动名词。1.They are giving the room a good cleaning.2.His teaching still exert（施加）（施加）a strong influence.3.The building of socialism requires our concerted efforts.建设社会主义需要我们齐心协力。建设社会主义需要我们齐心协力。现在学习的是第29页，共34页1.Markoftenattemptstoescape_wheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.A.havingbeenfinedB.tohavebeenfinedC.tobefinedD.beingfined2.Hegivespeopletheimpression_manypoems.A.ofhavingwrittenB.tohavewrittenC.ofbeingwrittenD.towrite3.3.Thethieftookawaythewomanswalletwithout_.A.beingseenB.seeingC.himseeingD.seeinghim4.4.Peopleappreciate_withhimbecausehehasagoodsenseofhumor.A.toworkB.tohaveworkedC.workingD.haveworking5.5.Iveenjoyed_totalkwithyou.A.tobeableB.beingableC.tobeenableD.ofbeingable现在学习的是第30页，共34页6.Noonecanavoid_byadvertisements.A.tobeinfluencedB.beinginfluencedC.influencingD.havinginfluence7.Theyareconsidering_beforethepricesgoup.A.ofbuyingthehouseB.withbuyingthehouseC.buyingthehouseD.tobuythehouse8.Hethoughtthat_.A.theeffortdoingthejobwasnotworthB.theeffortwasnotworthindoingthejobC.itwasnotworththeeffortdoingthejobD.itwasnotworththeeffortbydoingthejob9.IfIhadremembered_thedoor,thethingswouldnothavebeenstolen.A.tolockB.lockingC.tohavelockedD.havinglocked10.Yourshirtneeds_.Youdbetterhaveitdonetoday.A.iron（熨烫）（熨烫）B.toironC.ironingD.beingironed现在学习的是第31页，共34页11.Youcanthelp_commercials;everyfewminutestheprogramisinterruptedtogiveyouoneadvertisementoranother.A.tohearB.tobeheardC.hearingD.withhearing12.Itisdifficulttogetused_inatent（帐篷）（帐篷）afterhavingasoft,comfortablebedtolieon.A.sleepB.tosleepingC.sleptD.tosleep13.Itisnouse_menottoworry.A.youtellB.yourtellingC.foryoutohavetoldD.havingtold14.Heisverybusy_hispapers.Heisfartoobusy_callers.A.towrite.toreceiveB.writing.toreceiveC.writing.receivingD.towrite.forreceiving15.Thesuspect（嫌疑犯）（嫌疑犯）atlastadmitted_stolengoodsbutdenied_them.A.receiving.sellingB.toreceive.tosellC.toreceiving.tosellingD.tohavereceived.tohavesold现在学习的是第32页，共34页16.Sheapologizedfor_tocome.A.hernotbeingableB.herbeingnotableC.notbeingableD.thatshesnotableto17.Johnregretted_tothemeetinglastweek.A.notgoingB.nottogoC.nothavingbeengoingD.nottobegoing18.Pleasestop_,boys,Ihavesomethingimportantto_you.A.saying.talkB.telling.sayC.talking.speakD.talking.tell19.Tony,wouldyougoandseeifSamhasanydifficulty_histaperecorder?A.tofixB.fixingC.forfixingD.fix20.“WhyisntNancygoingtomeetus?”“Itsmyfault.Iforgotallabout_her.”A.telephoningtoB.totelephoneC.totelephonetoD.thetelephoningto现在学习的是第33页，共34页感谢大家观看现在学习的是第34页，共34页