主题翻译中国社会培训资料.doc
Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精,善益求善。主题翻译中国社会-主题翻译(中国社会)2.在中国,小学教育需要花费12年的时间来完成,分为小学、初中和高中三个阶段。小学教育持续5年或6年。在初中阶段,大多数学生上3年制初中,极少数上4年制。几乎98%的学生在前一种学校入学。在小学和初中的9年教育属于义务教育。普通高中教育持续3年时间,在整个义务教育阶段,学生要求在每学期末参加期末考试。参考译文InChina,primaryandsecondaryeducationtakes12yearstocomplete.Itisdividedintoprimary,juniorsecondaryandseniorsecondarystages.Primaryeducationlastseitherfiveorsixyears.Atjuniorsecondarystage,mosthavethree-yearschoolingwithatinypartoffour-year.Almost98percentofstudentsareenrolledintheformerschools.Thenine-yearschoolinginprimaryandjuniorsecondaryschoolsbelongstocompulsoryeducation.Generalseniorsecondaryeducationlastsforthreeyears.Throughoutthewholeprocessofcompulsoryeducation,studentsarerequiredtotakefinalexaminationsattheendofeachsemester.3.这周颁布的一项新法律要求子女必须经常探望年龄超过60岁的父母,并确保他们经济和精神上的需求得到满足。星期二,新华社报导了一条新闻,来自江苏市无锡市的一位77岁的老太太起诉她的女儿忽略她。这是新法律生效后的第一起案件,当地法院规定她的女儿至少每月探望母亲两次,并提供财力支持。但是这项法律引发了争议。有人说这给了那些因为工作、学习或者其他原因搬离家乡的人更多压力。参考译文Anewnationallawintroducedthisweekrequirestheoffspringofparentsolderthan60tovisittheirparents“frequently”andmakesuretheirfinancialandspiritualneedsaremet.OnTuesday,Xinhuareportedapieceofnewsthata77-year-oldwomanfromJiangsucityofWuxisuedherdaughterforneglectingher.Inthefirstcaseafterthenewlawcameintoeffect,thelocalcourtruledthatherdaughtermustvisitheratleasttwiceamonthandprovidefinancialsupport.Butthelawsintroductionhasprovedcontroversial.Somesayitputstoomuchpressureonthosewhomoveawayfromhomeforwork,studyorotheropportunities.5.中文热词通常反映社会变化和文化,有些在外国媒体上愈来愈流行。例如,土豪和大妈都是老词,但已获取了新的意义。土豪以前指欺压佃户和仆人的乡村地主,现在用于指花钱如流水或喜欢炫耀财富的人,也就是说,土豪有钱,但是没有品位。大妈是对中年妇女的称呼,但是现在特指不久前金价大跌时大量购买黄金的中国妇女。土豪和大妈可能会被收入新版的牛津(OXford)英语词典,至今约有120中文加进了牛津英语词典,成了英语语言的一部分。参考译文:TheChinesehotwordsusuallyreflectthesocialandculturalchanges,someofthemareincreasinglypopularwiththeforeignmedia.Forinstance,althoughtheTuhaoandDamaareoldwords,theyhaveacquirednewmeaning.Tuhao(localtyrants)referredtothevillagelandlordswhooppressedthepeasantsandservantsintheolddays,butnowitisusedtorefertotherichwhospendsmoneylikewaterorlikestoshowoff.Thatistosay,thelocaltyrantshavewealthbutnotaste.Dama(aunt)isacallingtomiddle-agedwomen,butnowitespeciallyreferstotheChinesewomenwhobuylargeamountofgoldwhengoldtumbledrecently.ThesetwowordsarelikelytobeincludedinthenewOxfordEnglishDictionary.Untilnow,about120ChinesewordshaveaddedintheOxfordEnglishDictionary,becomingapartoftheEnglishlanguage.6.三手烟是指在吸烟几小时或几天之后仍然残留在地毯、衣物以及其他物品中的烟污染。据研究,许多人,尤其是烟民,都不知道三手烟会危害人们的健康。在接受调查的1500名烟民和非烟民中,绝大部分人都认同二手烟的危害。但当他们被问到是否知晓“吸入前一天有人吸烟的屋子里的空气会危害你的健康”时,只有65%的非烟民和43%的烟民回答是肯定的。参考译文:Third-handsmokereferstothetobaccosmokecontaminationthatlingersoncarpets,clothesandothermaterialshoursordaysaftersmoking.Accordingtoastudy,alargenumberofpeople,particularlysmokers,havenoideathatthethird-handsmokeisahealthhazardforpeople.Ofthe1,500smokersandnonsmokerssurveyed,thevastmajorityagreethatsecond-handsmokeisharmful.Butwhenaskedwhethertheyagreedwiththestatement,“Breathingairinaroomwherepeoplesmokedyesterdaycanharmyourhealth,”only65%ofnonsmokersand43%ofsmokersgavetheaffirmativeanswer.7.中国梦(theChineseDream)是中国的一个新名词。人们已经开始期待一个“梦想的国度”。因此,在中国人民的意识中,中国梦将会取代美国梦。期待“梦想国度”的中国人现在要放眼全世界。改革开放使中国发展的梦想变为现实。中国已经进入了一个新时代,在这个时代出生的每一个中国人都应该为他们的好运而感到髙兴。参考译文:TheChineseDreamisanewterminChina.Peoplehavebeguntoexpecta“dreamcountry”.InChinesecitizens'consciousness,therefore,theChineseDreamwillsupersedetheAmericanDream.TheChinesepeople,inexpectationsofa“dreamcountry”,arenowopeningtheireyestotheworld.Reformandopening-uphasmadetheChinesedreamofdevelopmentareality.Chinahasenteredanewera,andeveryChinesepersonborninthistimeshouldfeelhappyabouttheirgoodfortune.-