新高考高中英语语法二轮专题复习（全国通用)代词考点讲义19单复数知识点（peopleanother复数代词some）总结.docx

2022届新高考高中英语语法二轮复习【全国通用】代词考点讲义19【精讲版】单复数知识点（people，another，复数代词，some）总结people的单数与复数用法 1. 表示“人”，是一个只表示复数意义的可数名词（注意不用词尾-s），可以说 some people（一些人），many people（许多人）等，但不能说 a people 或 one people。2表示“民族”，此时为可数名词，其前可用不定冠词，也可有复数形式。如：The Chinese are a hard-working people. 中国人是一个勤劳的民族。The English-speaking peoples share a common language. 讲英语的各民族拥有共同的语言。比较下面两句：How many peoples live in Asia? 亚洲有多少个民族?How many people live in the room? 这房间住了多少人?3. 泛指“人们”时，其前不用定冠词；泛指“人民”时，其前通常要用定冠词。如：People say oil prices will be going up soon. 人们说油价快要上涨了。The people turned against their president. 人民变得不满意他们的总统。即使其后受到限制性定语的修饰，也不一定就必须要带定冠词：如果表特指，其前用定冠词，如果意义较泛，其前仍不用定冠词。如：The people who work next door are architects.  在隔壁工作的那些人是建筑师。People who are waiting for the bus often shelter in my doorway. 等公共汽车的人们常常在我家门口躲风避雨。another后接复数名词两种类型 在通常情况下，another 后接名词时应是单数。如：Dont lose heart. Have another try. 别灰心，再试一次。If the pain should return take another of these pills. 疼痛复发时，可再吃一片这种药。He quickly threw the ball to another player. 他迅速把球传给了另一名球员。Its not so easy to find another job. 另找一份工作并不容易。Dont advertise the fact that youre looking for another job. 不要让别人知道你在另找工作。但是，有时也可以修饰复数名词，主要有以下两种类型：类型一：another few+复数名词Im staying for another few weeks. 我还要再呆几个星期。I need another few days before l can make up my mind. 我还需几天才能决定。Ill be able to speak French in another few months. 再过几个月我就会讲法语了。The supplies would last for only another few days. 这些补给品只够再维持几天。The road runs northeast for another few miles. 这条路向东北方又延伸了几英里。The factory closure will mean another few hundred people drawing the dole. 工厂倒闭意味着又有几百人要领取失业救济。类型二：another +数词+复数名词I could go on for another two hours. 我再讲两个小时都讲不完。The damaged vessel sailed on for another 50 miles. 受损的船再航行了50 英里。The Dow Jones index fell another 50 points yesterday. 道琼斯指数昨日又跌了50点。It is said that another 260 jobs were axed by the company yesterday. 据说该公司昨天又裁员260名。Doctors advised him to continue the treatment for another six weeks. 医生建议他再继续治疗6个星期。They performed another two songs as encores. 应观众要求，他们又返场加唱了两首歌。复数代词they, them, their 可以表示单数意义吗 在通常情况下，复数代词they, them, their 表示复数意义。如：As is usual with children, they soon got tired. 孩子们一贯如此, 他们很快就厌倦了。Although they are twins, they look entirely different. 他们虽是孪生，但是相貌却完全不同。If the trees had been given more attention, they could be grown better. 要是对这些树多加注意，它们会长得更好些。When guests leave the host usually sees them out. 客人走时，主人通常送出门。We invited 12, but only a handful of them came. 我们邀请12人，但只有几个人来。The Irish are very proud of their sense of humour. 爱尔兰人为自己的幽默感而自豪。Most of the families have modernized their kitchens. 大多数家庭已实现厨房设备现代化。但是，在实际运用中，有时也可以用复数代词they, them, their来指代性别不明的单个人（即单数）。如：Everyone knows what they have to do, dont they? 每个人都知道自己必须做什么，对吗？If either David or Janet come, they will want a drink. 大卫或珍妮特来的话，是会要喝酒的。If any of them comes to see me, let them wait for me to come back. 如果他们中有人来看我，请叫他们等我回来。When a person gets married, they have to start thinking about their responsibilities. 一个人结了婚，他们就得考虑考虑自己的责任。some用于疑问句和否定句的用详解 在通常情况下，some用于肯定句，any 用于否定句或疑问句。如：1. 肯定句：Some students dropped behind in their studies.有的学生在学习上落在后面。Mother sent me some money along with her letter. 母亲随信给我寄来了一些钱。2. 疑问句：Is there any need for me to go?  我有没有必要去？Do you anticipate meeting any trouble? 你预料会遇到麻烦吗?Do you have any books for children? 你有适合小孩子看的书吗？3. 否定句：I didnt want to give her any bother. 我不想给她添麻烦。We havent got any further information to date. 到目前为止我们尚未获得进一步的消息。Please be careful not to cause any misunderstanding. 请注意不要引起误会。但在某睦特殊情况下，some也可用于疑问句和否定句。比如：1. some用于疑问句的场合 用于可预料答语为“是”的问句中。如：Didnt he give you some money? 他不是给了你一些钱吗?Can you lend me some money? 能借点钱给我吗?用于表示请求或建议的疑问句。如：Would you like some bread and butter? 你要不要黄油面包?Would you like some melon? 你要来点瓜肉吗？Would you like some more sponge? 你再来点海绵蛋糕好吗?2. some用于否定句的场合 用于部分否定的句子中。比较下面两句：some 用于肯定句和否定句均可，但意义有区别：I don't like some of the films. 这些电影中有几部我不喜欢。I don't like any of the films. 这些电影中我一部也不喜欢。 用于否定句，但在否定范围之外。如：We havent been there for some years. 我有好几年没去那儿了。Some of the students dont like the new teacher. 其中有些学生不喜欢这位新老师。 用于否定句表示特别的强调。如：All of you must pay, not just some. 你们所有人都必须付钱，而不只是一些人付钱。It should be for all our children, not just some. 这应该适用于我们所有的儿童，而不仅仅是某些孩子。 用于否定句介词without之后。如：There is no fire without some smoke. 有火就有烟。Its risky to buy a car without some good advice. 不作些咨询就去买车是有风险的。比较：He came without any money. 他来时身无分文。We did the work without any difficulty. 我们干这工作没有任何困难。