中考复习专题被动语态含练习.doc

中考复习专题被动语态含练习1、 定义与用法 英语的语态分主动语态和被动语态，主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成。如： Everybody respects him. 大家都尊敬他。 (主动语态) He is respected by everybody. 他受到大家的尊敬。(被动语态) 二、8 种基本时态的被动语态 1. 一般现在时的被动语态：am (is, are) + 过去分词 2. 一般过去时的被动语态：was (were) + 过去分词3. 一般将来时的被动语态：will be + 过去分词4. 过去将来时的被动语态：would be + 过去分词5. 现在进行时的被动语态：am (is, are) being +过去分词6. 过去进行时的被动语态：was (were) being +过去分词7. 现在完成时的被动语态：has (have) been +过去分词8. 过去完成时的被动语态：had been +过去分词 三、含情态动词的被动语态 1. 其结构为“情态动词+be+过去分词”。如： This cant be done in a short time. 这不是短期内可以完成的。This neednt be mentioned in the letter. 这在信中不必提及。 2. 情态动词后的不定式可以用完成式。如： Can this have been done by a child? 这能是一个孩子做的事吗? The door must have been locked by Jim. 门一定是吉姆锁的。 四、主动表被动的若干情形 1. 连系动词(如look, sound, smell, feel, taste, prove等)要用主动表被动，因为连系动词为不及物动词，它们没有被动语 态形式。如： The building looks very beautiful. 这座建筑看上去很美。 Your idea proved to be wrong. 你的想法证实是错的。 2. 当open, close, shut, lock, move, read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry 等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性 时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义： The door wont shut. 这门关不上。The book sells quickly. 这书销售得快。 3. 有的动词本身含有被动意味，通常用主动形式来表示被动含义。如： Her coat caught on the nail. 她的大衣被钉子钩住了。 Her eyes filled with tears. 她眼睛里充满了眼泪。 4. 不定式to blame, to let 用作表语时，通常要用主动表被动。如： Who is to blame? 该怪谁呢？ The house is to let. 此屋出租。 5. 某些“be+形容词+to do”结构中的不定式通常要用主动形式表示被动意义。如： The book is difficult to understand. 这书很难懂。 The music isnt pleasant to listen to. 这音乐不好听。 The picture is interesting to look at. 这幅画看起来挺有趣的。 注：这类结构的特点是句子主语就是其后不定式的逻辑宾语，按理说其中的不定式要用被动形式，但习惯上却要用主动 表被动。这类形容词常见的有convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, safe, toug h, tricky, unpleasant 等。6. 不定式用于某些动词(如have, have got, get, want, need等)的宾语后作定语时，如果不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的主 语，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。如： Do you have time to help us? 你有时间帮助我们吗? I have some clothes to wash. 我有一些衣服要洗。I want something to drink. 我想喝点什么。 注：若不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，则应用被动式，比较： I have something to type. 我有些东西要打(字)。(指自己打字) I have something to be typed. 我有些东西要打(字)。(指请人打字) 7. 在 tooto do sth 和enough to do sth这两个结构中，若句子主语与其后不定式为to do sth被动关系，则该不定式通 常用主动形式表示被动意义(有时也可直接用被动式)。如： The writing is too faint to read. 这笔迹太模糊，看不清。 These boxes are not strong enough to use to be used as a platform. 这些箱子不够牢，不能用作站台。 8. be worth后的动名词要用主动表被动。如： This movie is worth seeing. 这部影片值得一看。 Shes not worth getting angry with. 犯不上跟她生气。 注：与worth相似的worthy却不一样，其后不接动名词而接不定式(若接动名词则其前应有介词of)，且要用被动式表示被 动含义： This book is worthy to be read of being read. 这本书值得一读。 9. 在need, want, require等少数表示“需要”的动词后的动名词用主动形式表被动意义。如： The house needs cleaning. 房子需要打扫了。 These children require looking after. 这些孩子需要照看。 This wall requires repairing. 这面墙需要修理了。 注：该结构中的动名词改用不定式则要用被动式表被动。如： The house needs to be cleaned. 房子需要打扫了。 These children require to be looked after. 这些孩子需要照看。课后练习一( ) 1 The People's Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949. A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found( ) 2 English _ in Canada. A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken( ) 3 This English song_ by the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung( ) 4 This kind of car _ in Japan. A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 5 New computers _ all over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used二( ) 1 Our room must _ clean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep( ) 2 -I'd like to buy that coat.-I'm sorry. _. A. it sold B. it's selling C. It's been sold D. it had been sold( ) 3 A new house _ at the corner of the road. A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building( ) 4 The key _ on the table when I leave. A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left( ) 5 Doctors _ in every part of the world. A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need( ) 6 His new book_ next month.A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published三( ) 1 Japanese _ in every country. A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking( ) 2 These papers_yet. A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written( ) 3 The sports meet _ be held until next week. A. didn't B. won't C. isn't D. doesn't四( ) 1 -My shoes are worn out.A. Can't they be mended? B. Let me have a look at it. C. How much do they cost? D. Can't they mended?( ) 2 _ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it. A. Does B. Has C. Is D . Are( ) 3 _ these desks be needed? A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do五( ) 1 Why _ to talk about it yesterday?A. didn't a meeting hold B. wasn't a meeting held C. wasn't held a meeting D. a meeting wasn't held( ) 2 Who was the book_? A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by( ) 3 Where _ these boxes made? A. was B. were C. is D. am六( ) 1 The flowers _ often. A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water( ) 2 The books may_ for two weeks. A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow( ) 3 The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith. A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended七( ) 1 The old bridge in my hometown_ next month.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuilt C. are going to be rebuilt D. are going to rebuilt( ) 2 The play _ at the theatre next Sunday.A. is going to be shown B. will shown C. will show D. is shown( ) 3 The old stone bridge _ next week.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuild C. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild八( ) 1 Now these magazines_ in the library for a long time. A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept( ) 2 The pot _ for _ hot water.A. used; keeping B. was used; keeping C. is used; to keep D. are used; keep( ) 3 Tea _ in the south of China.A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow( ) 4 The bridges_ two years ago.A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built( ) 5 Wet clothes are often _ up near a fire in rainy weather.A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung九( ) 1 The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty things into it.A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing( ) 2 The teapot _ water.A. is filled with B. filled of C. fulling of D. filled( ) 3 Old people must be looked after well and _ politely.A. speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to( ) 4 Old people must _.A. look after well B. be looked well after C. looked well after D. be looked after well十( ) 1 Newly-born babies_in hospital.A. are taken good care B. are taken good care of C. take good care of D. take good care( ) 2 They were_ at the sudden noise.A. frightening B. frightened C. frighten D. frightens( ) 3 These walls _ stone.A. are made of B. made of. C. are made into D. made into6