2020年12月英语四级解析第2套.pdf

2020年12月大学英语四级考试真题（二）答案与详解Part I Writing 结构框图：；第1段引出话题并提出观点：近几十年来，中国的交通方式发生了巨变，给ji .，：我们的生活带来了巨大影响。i I ! f第2段具体描述交通方式的变化带来的影响：缩短了距离，提高了效率，带iThe Changes in the Way I -C)；来了方便。该段使用例证法，以不同交通工具为例分别对应段首提到的：of Transportation ll I i ！三种影响。: L_A；第3段总结全文并深化主题：交通方式的改变背后是科技工作者的努力，我1：、们应该感谢他们。j 范文点评：参考范文精彩点评The Changes in the Way of Tran”。rtation( 1 ) China has巾叫的m创c chan阴in伽way of I (1）引出话题g近几十年来中国的交通tra凰”。“ation in the recent d院时筒，which range from the constantly increasing number of private cars to the rapidly growing convenience of public transportation. (2) And th幌Chan昏shavedefinitely had a gr四t impact on our life. (3) ApparenUy, the advance of transportation“shortens”the 方式发生了巨太变化。(2）.聚焦话题g这些变化给我们的生活带来了巨大影响(3】使用中心句进一步明确立场，统领下文。di剑ance, improves our effici咽cyand I倒也to gr四t convenience in our I (4）使用For example引出例证：多样life. (4) For example, a wide m吨eof m曲ns of public I化的公共交通方式，如火车和飞机，transpo此ation，扭曲asthe rail and airplane, make it possible for山to take a trip wherever and whenever we like. (?) A private阻r帮助我们实现了说走就走的旅行愿望can save山much time and trouble in waiting for crowded buses, I (5）阐述例证二：以私家车为例，说明私especially when we are in a hurry. However, what impresses me I 人交通方式减少了等待时间和麻烦。m臼t in all developments is the wide popularity of ( 6】shared I csJ阐述例证三：以既环保、方便又可以bi eye恼，which are not only environment-friendly and convenient I 锻炼身体的共享单车为例，进一步in a short distance, but also provide chances for modern people to take some exercise in their fast-paced life. (7) In a nu也hell, we are enjoying the convenience brought bychanges in the way of transportation. Meanwhile, we need to show our gratitude to the new technologies and t。those who propel them to make our life more beautiful. 四级2020年12月32 论证主题，丰富文章内容整体论证既言之有物又不至于僵化教条，结构上逻辑清晰又有条理。(7）总结并深化主题：我们在享受交通便利时，应感谢为之付出的相关人员话题词汇zhigh-speed train：高铁rush hour上下班离峰时间cong，臼tion交通拥堵freeway高速公路ebus lane公交专用车道reserve/book tickets online在网上订票sharing economy共享经济car-hailing App打车软件new energy vehicle 新能源汽车car pooling拼车Part ll istening Comprehension Section A Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just b随时(l)A waiter has returned a check worth nearly $.424,000 to the retired social worker who lost it. Thewaiter found a bank envelope while cleaning off a table last Saturday at a r四taurant. He ran outsid陆but the customer was gone. He opened the envelope and got a shock. After an unsuccessful search, the restaurants owner called the Daily 陆附for help. The “relieved”customer was reunited with her check on Wedn臼day. It contained money from her apartment sale, already planned for a down pa沪nent on a new home. The customer did not tip the waiter after her meal. (2)She tried to give him money later on, but he 筐racio山ly declined. The waiter, whos working his way through school, did accept the customers apology and gratitude and said he was happy to have helped her. 答案详解1. What d饵S the news report say about the waiter?D)（精析】细节推断题。 新闻开头即点明了服务员所傲的事情，他将一张面值四十多万美元的支票还给了失主一一一位退休的社工 由此可知，这位服务员做了件不同寻常的好事。2.What.did the customer try to do when she got hercheck back?C) E精析】细节辨认题。 新闻中提到，那位丢失支票的顾客想给服务员笔钱，但是服务员婉言谢绝了Questio皿3and4areb幽自don the ne附report you have j邸t h随时(3)The village of Maref in Alaska v。tedon Tuesday to move to the states mainland. The move is due to global warming and isir1g sea levels. Most of the villages 169 registered voters took part in the to啊E hall meeting. They decided in a vote of 89 to 78 to move from their land on Sarichef Island, near the Arctic Circle. (4)Maref Council Secretary Donna Barr said the vote was lamely symbolic. It will be costly financially to thecommunity.“About 15 years ago, they estimated the cost at $180 million. I would figure its much higherno啊，”Barr said.“We dont see the move happening in our lifetime because of the funding.”The villagesroughly 650 residents have seen warming temperatur臼melt sea ice and permanently frozen land. This has result 对in housefalling into thwater. At least 31 villages in Alaska fa“immediate threats”due to climatechange, the Gov，rnment Accountability Office reported in 2009. 答案详解：3.What is Marefs vote on Tuesday about?A）【精析】细节辨认题 新闻开篇指出，马廖夫村的村民周二投票是为了决定是否搬往该州的内陆地区4.Why did :r;onna _Barr say they wouldnt see theplan carried out any time soon?B）【精析E目的原因题。 新闻中提到，Donna Barr说这次投票基本上是象征性的，此举会对社区造成经济损失 15年前，预计搬迁成本是1.8亿美元，现如今的费用只会更高.Barr认为，由于资金问题，这一项目恐怕难以实施。四级2020年12月33 Qu部tlons 5 to 7 are M抽l佣the news r叩。rt you have j凶th阳乱(5)A man in Halifu，。anada, wanted to find out if people were thankful for someone holding the dooropen for them. (7)The social experiment show叫that 99 out of 100 people expressed gratitude.“I didnt think we wc:re going to get 99. I dont know why, but I was pie臼antly su叩rised because it went beyond just thank you.People got into conversations with凶，”said Steve Foran, CEO of Gratitude at Work.“What we know from research is that from grateful people come good things，”he said. (6）“A simple way to induce gratitude in people is opening doors and so we went to six plac臼and opened the doors for people.”For the experiment, Forans team went.to a ! hopping center, a mall, two office buildin蹈，and a coffee shop. The door was held for 15 to 20 people at a time at each location.“We did have one that didnt say thank you. Wem not here to judge them民cause on any g如en day, that could be me or you. I suspect out of the 100 people, there were probably a bunch of them having a bad day. but grateful people make people grateful, said Foran. ；答案详解：.: 二；二，与；二二. ：产：r.斗.三. : ,-:5. What is the purpose of the social experiment?I 一个方法就是帮他们敞开方便之门，在实验中A）口量析E细节辨认题新闻开头提到，加拿大哈利Foran的团队去了几个不同的地方，分别是一个购法克斯的一位男士想耍弄清楚人们是否会对那些物中心、一个大型商场、两栋办公楼和一家酬啡馆帮他们开门的人表达感油I 7. What do we learn from the ne隅report?6.What did Steve Foran and his team do in the I B) 精析】细节辨认题新闻中提到，实验发现，99%e；脐1加ent?. I 的人都对帮他们开门前人表达了感谢也就是说，C）口自相】细节辨认题1藉闻中说，让人心存感激的大多数人会对帮助表边感谢Section B O阳tions 8 to 11 are ba!ed on the conver回tlon you have just h咽地W: Rays Solar. LisaS !peaking. Ho响can I help? M: Hi, my name is Winston. (8)1 wish to enquire about solar panel installations. W: Yes. What would you like to know? M: Well. My neigh如r installed panels on his roof about a year ago in order to power his hot water. He tells me it ha; saved him over $ 500 thus far. Does that sound about right to you? W: Well. Im not hmiliar with your neighbor or his particular setup, but that创nount is 也finitely p部sible. I can tell you that the: average four-bedroom house may typically have a roof with 50 square meters of surface area. Four panc:ls en one side of that roof could save a family of four around $ 300 a year. M:OK.币1at m咄咄about right then. My house is about the size you described, but my neighbors is bi目前Im not四re how many panels he has up there, (9)but he does have a lane family of six. W: Are you interested in installing some solar 阴阳ls on your roof, sir? M: Yes, Im considering it. W: If y。u wish to come into our office, we could show you the different solutions we offer.M: OK. I might do that. (lO)But iust quickly, if you dont mind. could vou tell me approximately ho明much a typical installation 饰，like, say, four panels? W: Prices do vadepending on different factors, but as a rough.estimate, its around $ 2. 000. ( 11) ！旦旦know a typical household will make back that initial investment in about five years. M: OK. I see. Thank you. 了斗f二川：；. . . .；答案详解寸工一丁二.:. . : . . ：丁8. What is the mans p町P臼efor calling the woman?C)E精析】细节辨认题电话接通后，男士就直接说明了自己打电话的原因，即想要咨询一下太阳能电池板装置的相关信息。9. What do we learn about the mans neighbor fromthe conversation?D) 精析】细节辨认题男士提到他的邻居家有六口人。四级2020年12月34 10. What is one of the mans chief concerns?B)精析】细节推断题男士接通电话后的第一个问题是他的邻居因为安装了太阳能电池板每年节省了则美元，他想知道是否真能省出这些钱对话临近结束时，他又再次询问一套常见的太阳能电池板装置大概要花多少钱。 可见男士对于太阳能电池板装置的费用以及每年能够节省的钱特别关心11. How long will it take a typical household t。make back the initial investment?D)精析】细节辨认题 女士说，普通家庭差不多五年就能收回最初的投资Questio皿12 to 15础穹based on the oonver回tion you have just h四时M: Good afternoon. Sorry to have kept you waiting. How can I help you? W: Oh, no problem. (12)Im interested in booking a holiday to Australia and wonder if vou could tell me what deals you have. M: Sure. Are you only looking for flights or a package holiday with everything included? W: When you say“eve可thing，”what do you mean? M: Well, a package holiday would include your fligl邸，hotels, meals, day trips to different places of inter创and transport to and from the ai叩ort.W: Yeah, that sounds pretty good. (13)1m going with mv family, so it would be nice to have everything taken 旦旦So, what sort of deals do you have for package holidays then? M: All sor饭，really. How long do you want to go for and wnat dat臼浮W: (14)Two weeks around Christmas timwould be great. M: Ok句，let me check that for you. Heres one, 14 nights in southeastern Australia. Five nights in Sydney and five nights in Melbourne, and then for the other fo町nights you can choose from a list of trips to other pla臼s nearby. You could visit Canberra, for example, or the Blue Mountains, or you could go for a drive down the Great Ocean Road. Also, if youre interested in wine, you co明ld go on a tour of the pla臼s where they grow grap臼and make wine. W: That sounds g臼t. (15)11s good we can choose some activities ourselves. 答案详解12. Where is the conversation taking place?A) l精析】细节推断题 对话开始女士说，她想要预订去澳大利亚旅行的度假服务，想知道男士这里有哪些合适的项目。 由此推断，女士是前来咨询的顾客j而男士负责提供旅行服务，故对话最有可能发生在旅行社13. Why is the woman interested in packageholidays?C) E精析】目的原因题当女士从男士那里了解到有度假套餐服务时，她非常高兴，因为她是和家人一起出行，希望有人能把一切都安排好Section C 14. How long does the woman want to go for theholiday?D) 精析E细节辨认题女士清楚地告诉了男士她的旅行时间计划，即她希望能在圣诞节前后享受两个星期的度假时光。15. What d侃sthe woman say she likes about theholiday package?A) 精析】细节辨认题女士在了解到她有四天的时间可以自由安排行程的时候说，游客能够选择自己喜欢的活动，这点很棒。Questions 16 to 18 are based on the阳刷ge you have just h咄咄(16）寸ourists taking a holiday in the Indonesian island of Bali are facing a new $ 14-per-person tax whenthev arrive on the holiday island from next 归ar. But this is a green tax, which Bali G。vemor Wayan Koster has been working on for months, and which is d臼igned to help clean up the islands natural environment, and with good 1回归n, too. Indonesia is drowning in plastics. 07)Recvcling is not one of the countrys strong points. Its net uncommon to be offered many more plastic bags than one could ever need when visiting supermarkets and shopping malls.队1t, slowly, things are starting to change for the better. Back in 2016, thmedium-sized city 四级2020年12月35 of Banjarmasin banned:singl。use plastic bags. The city of Bogor followed suit in 2018. (18)A few months ago, Kosteannounced a plan .that would not .only ban single-use plastic bags from supermarkets and convenience stores, but plastic bags and straws across the island. The regulation will come into full effect next m。nth.“Wereceived a fast and quick response from the Bali?ese peple. Not only positive r臼归nses from the Balinese, we received good r臼ponses from the central government, other local governments and even from overseas. Koster told the Sydney M旷ning Herald this week during an interview. The governor is a determined environmentalist and he has more laws planned to protect the islands waterways, in par,ticular, and to support the introduction of electric vehicles too. 答案详解：1 16.What would tourists have to do when they visitIndonesias Bali Island? D) 精析】细节辨认题 短文开头指出，从明年开始，凡是去印尼巴厘岛旅游的游客，需要在抵达时每人缴纳14美元的税 这一新税是一项绿色环保税17.What d伺s the passage say about Indonesia? A) （精析】细节辨认题 短文中提到，回收再利用不是印尼的强项 也就是说，印尼在这方面一直做得不好。18.What is the new plan Governor Koster recently announced? B）【精析】细节辨认题 短文中提到，几个月前，州长Koster宣布将计划在该岛全面禁止一次性塑料袋和吸管的使用Qu臼tions 19 to 21 are based on the lg障you have just h曲时(19) An endan四red species of whale is experiencing a small-baby boom off the coast of America. The North Atlantic right w_bale is one of the rarest species of whale on the planet, numbering only about 411. But the Center for Coastal Studies said Friday that its aerial survey te创n spotted a mum with two babies in Cape Ood Bay a day earlier. That brings the number s臼n in nearby waters alone this year to three. Thats big news because the whale population has been falling, and no baby whales were seen last year. In all, seven baby whalts have been spotted so far this year. (20-1) The whale population has become endan隅red due to commercial whaling activiti嗨in r民ent years. This is because they are sometimes hunted for their m. t or their skin. (20-2) Over-hunting could lead to the disappearance of the whale population, p臼sibly causing major probfoms to the global food ch自in. (21）币1e whales give birth off the Southeast Coast of America in the winter and travel to feeding grounds off the Northeast Coast in the early spring. The Northeast C侃侃is a critically impot tant source of food. The animals often feed clo咽to shore. This provides watchers on land with “unbeatable views of one of the: rarest of marine mammals.”Its illegal to get within 1,500 feet of the animals without a federal research permit, so whale watchers are disco咽raged from attempting to get close to the whales. 答案详解 19.What do we learn from the passage about. theNorth Atlantic right whale? D）【精析】细节推断题。 短文开头说，在美国沿海地区，一种濒危的鲸鱼正在经历一场小婴儿潮 短文后面具体说明了这一鲸鱼的种类是北大西洋露脊鲸（North Atlantic right whale），这说明北大西洋露脊鲸的数量有增长的迹象20. What has caused the decline of the whalepopulation in recent years? C)E精析】细节辨认题 短文中提到，鲸鱼数量濒危是因为近年来的商业捕杀活动，过度捕猎可能导致鲸鱼数量的减少21.Why do the whales travel to the Northeast Coast of America in the early spring?B) （精析E目的原因题 短文中说，鲸鱼冬天在美国东南海岸生育幼崽，然后在早春时到美国东北海岸觅食 因此，它们早春时到美国东北海岸是为了觅食四级2020年12月36 Questions 22协25 ai电based on the阴踊g you have just b姐此An average pe1son cons山nes 144 pints of milk a year, but 40% of that is po叫“onto cereal. And 60% of those people are children. But what was once advertised as nutritious is民comi吨un归,pular. (22）主旦旦坠旦sdrink 37% less milk than they did in the 1970s. And in the UK, dairy consumption overall has fallen by a third in the past 20 y臼rs.(23)Milk is increasi1眼lv being described in a negative light. A recent blog su四ested maybe people are drinking less milk because it is Poisonous to manY of山.Lactose is the sugar found in milk and dairy products. It needs-a series of complex proteins to break it down. (24) Without enough of these proteins, the lactose is broken down by bacteria in the human body. This can cause physical pain and produce gas in the 旦旦旦旦L Hwever, after we have finished breast or formula feeding, most of us dont continue producing the complex pro eins in our body, which are necessary to break down the lactose. D espite the problems in digesting milk, t does provide many benefits. (25)Milk is nutritious. It contains vitamins A and D , as well as protein and isnt full of calories. You can t臼t yourself by drinking a large glass of milk. If you get sick in your stomach within the next U hours, you are lacking in the proteins to digest milk. 答案详解22. What does the passage say about Americans?C) 精析】细节辨认题 短文中给出的数据说明，与20世纪70年代相比，美国人的牛奶饮用量减少了37%。23. How do Americans and British people think ofmilk nowadays?A) 糟析】细节推断题。短文中提到，不光是美国，英国的牛奶饮用量在过去20年间也减少了三分之一提到牛奶时，负面评价越来越多 最近，还有人在搏客上说，对许多人来说，牛奶是有毒的 由此推断，牛奶曾经的正面形象已经发生了