2015年12月英语四级真题答案及解析（卷三）.pdf

2015 年年 12 月大学英语四级考试真题答案与详解月大学英语四级考试真题答案与详解(第第 3 套套) Part Writing 这是一篇四级考试中常见的议论文.话题围绕“Never go out there to see what happens，go out there to make things happen.”这句话展开，要求考生进行评论，同时在题目要求中也明确给出了作文主题 the importance of being participants rather than mere onlookers in life.考生应该明确这一主题，并围绕其展开论述. 一、 点明主题： 不做看客， 要做实践者(being participants instead of onlookers in life) 二、分析原因 三、提出问题和建议 主题词汇 putinto practice 将付诸实践 carry out 执行；实现 gain 获得 accumulate 积累 gradually 逐渐地 make a progress 取得进步 theory 理论 action 行动 would ratherthan 比起更情愿 stand by 袖手旁观 句式拓展 1.For some people, watching what happens to others is good enough to learn a lesson, while for others, only practicing by themselves can finally make them get the real skills in 对一些人而言，看发生在别人身上的事情足以让他们吸取教训，而对于其他人而言，他们只有亲身实践才能最终得到生活中的真正技能. 2.No matter how many authentic theories youve got before, nothing will happen until you put them into practice. 无论你曾经接受了多少权威的理论，若不付诸实践，一切都无济于事. Part Listening Comprehension M: I dont know what to do with Timmy. This morning I found orange juice spilled all over the kitchen floor. W: Dont be so hard on him. Hes only four. Q: What does the woman mean? C.四个选项中出现了 children，careful，juice 和 Timmy 等词，故推测本题考查的内容与孩子的行为相关. 对话中，男士抱怨说他都不知道该拿蒂米怎么办了，今天早上，他发现桔子汁在厨房洒了一地，而女士则说，别对蒂米太严厉了，他才四岁.由此可见，女士认为男士不用小题大做，故答案为 C. 2.W: Excuse me, sir. I would like to know about the fitness training program in your club. M: Ill have you speak with the director in charge of new accounts. Q: What is the woman interested in? A.四个选项均为名词短语，且出现了 fitness，job，computer 和 club等词，故推测本题考查的内容与健身或者工作相关. 对话中，女士向男士询问俱乐部健身锻炼的事情，男士则说他会带着女士去找专门负责新会员的经理.由此可知，女士是对俱乐部健身锻炼感兴趣，故答案为 A. 3.W: Its really cold in this apartment. Can we turn up the heat a little bit? M: Sorry. Ive run out of money and can hardly pay the fuel bill. Maybe youd better put on a sweater. Q: what does the man mean? B.四个选项中出现了 sweater，save，fuel bills 和 heating 等词，故推测本题考查的内容与寒冷天气以及取暖相关. 对话中，女士说她觉得很冷，问能不能把暖气开大一点，而男士则表示抱歉，说自己没钱了，都快付不起燃料费账单了，建议女士穿上毛衣.由此可知，男士想要节省燃料费，故答案为 B. 4.M: Im sorry, Miss. But you have to come with me to the security office. The video cameras in our shop have recorded everything you did. W: No, no. I.I didnt do anything. Ill call the police if you dare insult me. Q: What does the man think the woman was doing? A.四个选项均为动名词短语，且出现了 theft，pictures，shopping 和camera 等词，故推测本题考查的内容与商店里发生的事情相关. 对话中，男士要将女士带到保安室去，并说商店里的摄像头已经把女士所做的事都录下来了， 而女士则表示自己什么都没有做， 如果男士敢侮辱她的话，她就报警.由此可知，男士认为女士偷了商店里的东西，故答案为 A. 5.M: I think you ought to see a doctor right away about that cough. W: Well, Ill wait a few more days.Im sure Ill get over it soon. Q: What do we learn about the woman? B.选项均以 she 开头，且出现了 medicine，doctor 和 cough 等词，故推测本题考查的内容与女士的健康状况相关. 男士说女士应该马上去看医生，而女士则说再等几天，她相信自己的咳嗽很快就会好的.由此可知，直到本对话发生时，女士都还没有去看医生，故答案为 B. 6.M: Ive heard that Pamela made quite a few mistakes in her lab report. W: Well, she wouldnt have if she hadnt been in such a hunt to get it done. Q: What does the woman imply? D.四个选项均提到了Pamela， 且出现了report， hurry， writing和mistakes等词，故推测本题考查的内容与帕米拉的报告相关. 对话中，男士说他听说帕米拉的实验报告出了很多错，而女士则说，如果她不是那么急着做完的话，就不会出这么多的错.由此可知，帕米拉实验报告中的错误本来是可以避免的，故答案为 D. 7.M: Wed better check out before 12 oclock, Marry. And now there are only 30 minutes left. W: Lets hurry up. You go pay the bill and Ill call the reception to have our luggage taken downstairs. Q : Where did this conversation most probably take place? C.四个选项均是表示地点的介词短语，故推测本题考查的内容与对话发生的地点相关. 对话中，男士说他们最好能在中午 l2 点之前退房，现在只剩半小时了，女士建议加快速度，并让男士去付账，她自己给前台打电话，叫人把行李送到楼下.由此可知，对话发生的时候，两人还没有开始办理退房手续，还在宾馆的房间里，故答案为 C. 8.W: Have you ever heard this speaker before? M: Yeah. Shes excellent. She gets her point across and its entertaining at the same time. Q: what does the man say about the speaker? D.四个选项均以 she 开头， 且出现了 college， works， speech 和 message等词，可以推测本题考查的内容与女士的情况相关. 对话中，女士问男士以前是否听过这个演讲者的讲座，男士说他听过，并认为这位演讲的女士很棒，她不仅将自己的观点表达得很清楚，而且讲得很有趣.由此可知，这位女演讲者擅长传达自己想要传达的信息，故答案为 D. Conversation One M: (8) What should I do about Mr. Romero? Remember? He said it was important and couldnt wait. I think he may want you for that new movie hes directing. W: Thats absolutely correct.(9) Now, we have to fit him in somewhere. Uh.what does Monday morning look like? M: That doesnt look so good. You have a make-up session starting at 6:00, then filming starts at 8:00, and thats going to take the whole morning. W: Well, whats after that? M: (10) You have lunch with your agent to discuss the awards ceremony and youll have to meet him at one oclock at the restaurant. W: Oh, terrific! Listen. I cannot miss that. But I still have to make time for Mr. Romero. M: Well, now, dont forget you got a three-oclock appointment with your fashion designer. W: Thats right. You know hes showing the latest fashions from Japan? You know that loose-fitting look? Those clothes are so in this year. M: At 4:30 you have an appointment with your hairdresser. Then at 7:00, you have dinner with a journalist. Now remember, be nice to that guy. W: Do I have to? That wont be easy and its likely to run late. How does Tuesday look? M: Well, you have to spend the whole morning at the photographers. They are taking photos to publicize your new movie. W: What about the afternoon? Am I free then? M: Let me see.Yes, you are free after 3:30. W: Then you can set up a meeting with Mr. Romero at 4:00. M: OK.(11) Ill get on it right away. 预览三道题各选项，其中出现了 the womans appointment，her travel，awards ceremony 和 make-up session 等词，因此推测对话内容可能与女士的工作安排相关. 9.What are the speakers doing? A.对话开头男士说罗梅罗先生急着见女士，可能是想让女士出演他导演的新电影，女士说一定得把他安排进来.由此可以推断，对话中的两人正在安排女士的时间，好让她能够与罗梅罗先生见面，故答案为 A. 10.What is the woman going to discuss with her agent over lunch on Monday? B.对话中，男士告诉女士她周一需要和自己的经纪人吃午饭，讨论一下关于颁奖仪式的事情，故答案为 B. 11.What do we learn from the conversation about the man? C.对话中，男士和女士一起讨论女士的日程安排，从第一句罗梅罗先生想要让女士出演他导演的新电影可知，女士是位电影演员，而男士对女士的日程安排非常了解，并且由最后一句可知，男士服从女士的安排.综合这些内容可以推断出，男士是女士的助理，故答案为 C. Conversation Two M: Im phoning up about this job you advertised in the paper. This.er.young sales manager? W: Oh, yes. M: Id like to apply for it. Would you send me an application form? W: (12) No. You simply send in a written application, a letter. M: Can you tell me a bit more about the job? W: (13) Well, we are very looking for someone who isnt too concerned about working fairly long hours. M: What do you mean by long hours? W: (13) This is a job which does, as the advertisement says, have travel possibilities, and very often, one would be away at weekends, for instance. M: Oh, I thought you meant working in the evenings and working overtime. W: Well, it could also mean working in the evenings. But for a managerial post, Im afraid we dont pay over time. Um.thats for other grades. M: Oh. What kind of money are you paying then? W: (15) Well, this is to be negotiated. Uh, it depends partly on your experience and education. Perhaps you can tell me briefly what that is? M: Ive just left school and got A level in geography. W: Oh, I see. M: (14) And its the travel that appeals to me. Thats why Im inquiring about the job. W: Yes, I see. What sort of a salary were you thinking in terms of? M: Starting off, I thought it would be something like 500 a week? W: Well, send in a written application and then well consider your case along with all the other applicants. M: All right. Many thanks. Goodbye. W: Bye. 预览四道题各选项，其中出现了 interview，application，experienced，pay 和 working hours 等词，由此推测对话可能与工作求职相关. 12.What does the woman say an applicant should do first to apply for the job? B.对话开头，男士表示他对女士公司销售经理的职位感兴趣，请女士给她发一份申请表，而女士则让男士直接寄一封书面的求职申请信.因此，如果男士想要申请这份工作，他首先应该做的就是寄一份书面申请信，故答案为 B. 13.What kind of a person is the company looking for? D.对话中女士明确说，他们需要能够长时间工作的员工，而当男士要求她再进一步解释的时候，她说这份工作经常需要在周末出差.由此可知，这份工作需要能够在非正常工作时间加班，故答案为 D. 14.What does the man like most about the job? A.对话中，男士明确表示职位广告中出差这一要求吸引了他，这也正是他想要得到这份工作的原因，故答案为 A. 15.What does the woman say about the salary if the man is accepted by the company? D.对话中男士问到了薪水问题，而女士回答说这还有待讨论，部分取决于男士的工作经历以及教育背景.由此可以推断，即使男士得到了这一职位，他的薪水待遇也不是明确规定好了的，而是得再商议，故答案为 D. Passage One (16) A typical large supermarket offers around 17,000 to 20,000 items for sale and it wants to make sure that its customers see as many of them as possible. Thats why youll normally find essential goods like bread, vegetables and meat in completely different parts of the store.(17) Products with a high profit margin are always placed on shelves within easy reach of the customer, while lower margin items like sugar or flower are on the top or bottom shelves .Many people make shopping list before they visit supermarkets.(18) But even so, around 60% of all supermarket purchases are the result of decisions that are taken in the store. For this reason, supermarkets try to attract their customers by placing certain kinds of product next to each other. In the UK, beer will often be found next to items for babies because research shows that fathers of babies buy them on their way home from work and will buy beer at the same time. Research has also shown that this kind of impulse buy happens more frequently when no sales assistants are nearby. Supermarkets have made selling such a fine art that their customers often lose all sense of time.( 19 ) When interviewed, customers normally guess theyve only spent half an hour in the supermarket even when they have been there for over 45 minutes. But that shouldnt be too surprising. Any really profitable supermarket knows that it should keep its clocks well hidden. 预览四道题各选项， 由选项中出现的 customers， shelves， buy， shopping lists 和 bargains 等词，可以推测短文可能与购物行为相关. 16.Why are essential goods displayed in totally different parts of the supermarket? B.短文开头提到，超市希望顾客看到尽可能多的商品，这就是为什么他们会把生活必需品分散摆放的原因，故答案为 B. 17.Where are goods with a high profit margin usually found? C.短文中提到，利润高的商品所摆放的位置都是顾客容易够到的地方，也就是在那些容易接触到的货架上，故答案为 C. 18.What does the speaker say about supermarket goers? A.短文中提到，虽然很多人在去超市之前会列一张购物清单，但还是有60左右的购买行为是在购物现场决定的.因此，大部分去超市购物的人都有冲动消费的行为，故答案为 A. 19.What shouldnt be too surprising according to the speaker? D.短文临近结尾时提到了一次采访，接受采访的顾客通常感觉自己仅在超市里待了半个小时，而实际上他们已经待了超过 45 分钟了.因此，调查发现，顾客在超市中没有了时间感，而这一现象并不奇怪，故答案为 D. Passage Two (20) When Matty Sallin was working on a degree in art and technology at university, he got an interesting assignment in electronics class: Create something for the house hold. He decided to create an alarm clock. Everybody has to use an alarm clock of some kind every day, and its extremely unpleasant! he says.(21) He asked different people what theyd like to wake up to instead of a noisy alarm. A lot of them said, The smell of bacon. (22) So Sallin invented a new kind of alarm clock: a wooden box with a pig face and a digital clock that uses the smell of cooking bacon rather than sound to wake someone up. He explains, Theres nodanger of burning, because I built it carefully. It uses light bulbs instead of a flame for cooking and turns off automatically after ten minutes. Just a few easy steps are required to set the alarm.What you do is put in a couple of frozen strips the night before, says Sallin. Bacon is preserved, so there is no danger of its spoiling overnight.If you set the alarm for 8: 00, it will turn on at 7: 50 and slow cook for ten minutes under the bulbs, he says. Then the bulbs turn off and a fan blows the smell out through the nose of the pig.So instead of an alarm, you smell yourself awake, says Sallin.Then you can open the door on the side and pull the bacon out and eat it. 预览三道题各选项，由选项中出现的 designs，clocks，alarm clock，pig face，automatic mechanism 和 manufacturing process 等词，可以推测短文的内容与某种闹钟的创新设计相关. 20.What was Matty Sallin doing when he created an alarm clock? C.短文一开始就说，马蒂 赛尔林在大学攻读艺术和技术学位时，曾有一项有趣的任务是发明家用器具，因此，他决定发明一个闹钟.由此可知，他当时还在读大学，故答案为 C. 21.What did Matty Sallin do before making the new type of alarm clock? D.短文中提到，在马蒂 赛尔林决定设计一款新闹钟时，他先征求了不同的人关于闹钟的想法，然后才开始动手制作，故答案为 D. 22.What makes the newly invented alarm clock so unique? C.短文提到，在征求了多人的意见后，赛尔林发现人们对闹钟感到最不满的是它吵闹的叫醒方式，而且人们最希望在受到烤腌肉香味的诱惑中醒来，所以，他才自己动手创造出了一款能够定时烤制腌肉，然后将香味散发出去，使人从梦中醒来的闹钟，故答案为 C. Passage Three Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years. Psychologists are studying this complex phenomenon and have identified three different types of loneliness. The first kind of loneliness is temporary. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. (23) The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation, for example, a divorce or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, it usually does not last for more than a year. Unlike the second type, the third kind of loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause.(24) People who experience habitual loneliness have problem socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many of them think there is little or nothing they can do about it. Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a persons social contacts, for example, friends, family members, etc. We depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support and our friends share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that the number of social contacts we have is not the only reason for loneliness. It is more important how many social contacts we think or expect we should have.( 25 ) In other words, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their own popularity. 预览三道题各选项， 其中出现了大量带有负面含义的词， 如 cannot mix well， irrationally annoy， depend heavily on， blame others， doubt 和 psychologically weak 等，并且第 23 题的各选项中还出现了 treatment 一词，据此推断本文可能与某种不正常的精神状态相关. 23.What does the speaker say about situational loneliness? A.短文中提到了三种类型的孤独，其中第二类为情景孤独，而短文中在对这一类孤独的介绍中指出，它通常是由于环境的变化所引起的，故答案为 A. 24.What problem will people have if they experience habitual loneliness? A.短文中在提到 habitual loneliness 时说，那些经历习惯性孤独的人在社交方面存在问题，无法亲近他人，也就是说，他们不合群，不能与他人融洽地交往，故答案为 A. 25.Why do some people suffer loneliness according to psychologists? B.短文末尾部分提到，心理学家发现，虽然孤独的人可能有许多社交，但他们有时觉得自己应该有更多的社交，他们质疑自己的受欢迎程度.故答案为 B. 26.locked away.此处应该填人动词的过去分词或词组，与句中的 typed 并列，构成被动语态.locked away 意为“把锁起来”. 27.forgotten此处应该填入动词过去分词构成的形容词， 表示状态.forgotten意为“被遗忘的”.该句指出，个人信息放在那里多年，根本就没有重见天日的机会.因此，它们是“被遗忘的”. 28.Responsible for.该空所在句是一个倒装句，其正常语序应该是 The astonishingly 29development in recent years of the computer has been 28 the change.所以该空应该填人一个形容词或词组作表语.responsible for 意为“对负责，对承担责任”. 29.swift.此处应该填入形容词，被副词 astonishingly 修饰的同时，修饰名词 development，合在一起，表示“惊人地快速发展”.swift 意为“快速的”. 30.collected.此处应该填入动词的过去分词，与 is 一起构成被动语态.collected 意为“收集”. 31.institutions.此处应该填入一个名词， 被 lending 修饰.institutions 意为“机构”. 32.government agencies.此处应该填入一个名词或名词词组，与前面的名词或词组并列.government agencies 意为“政府机构”. 33.invasion .此处应填入一个名词，被形容词 frightening 修饰.invasion 意为“侵犯”. 34.efficient.此处应填入一个形容词，被前面的副词 increasingly 修饰.efficient 意为“有效率的”. 35.questioned.此处应填人一个形容词或动词分词形式作 people 的后置定语.questioned 意为“被问到的”. Part Reading Comprehension 名词：B. amount 量；F. differences 区别