2018年6月大学英语四级真题第2套.pdf

1 2018 年年 6 月大学英语四级真题（第月大学英语四级真题（第 2 套套) Part I Writing （30 minutes） Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay on the importance of writing ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words. _ _ _ Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1. A) Annoyed. B) Scared. C) Confused. D) Offended. 2. A) It crawled over the womans hands. B) It wound up on the steering wheel. C) It was killed by the police on the spot. D) It was covered with large scales. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3. A) A study of the fast-food service. B) Fast food customer satisfaction. C) McDonalds new business strategies. D) Competition in the fast-food industry. 4. A) Customers higher demands. B) The inefficiency of employees. C) Increased variety of products. D) The rising number of customers. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. 5. A) International treaties regarding space travel programs. B) Legal issues involved in commercial space exploration. C) U.S. governments approval of private space missions. D) Competition among public and private space companies. 6. A) Deliver scientific equipment to the moon. B) Approve a new mission to travel into outer space. 2 C) Work with federal agencies on space programs. D) Launch a manned spacecraft to Mars. 7. A) It is significant. B) It is promising. C) It is unpredictable. D) It is unprofitable. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre. Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 8. A) Visiting her family in Thailand. B) Showing friends around Phuket. C) Swimming around a Thai island. D) Lying in the sun on a Thai beach. 9. A) She visited a Thai orphanage. B) She met a Thai girls parents. C) She learned some Thai words. D) She sunbathed on a Thai beach. 10. A) His class will start in a minute. B) He has got an incoming phone call. C) Someone is knocking at his door. D) His phone is running out of power. 11. A) He is interested in Thai artworks. B) He is going to open a souvenir shop. C) He collects things from different countries. D) He wants to know more about Thai culture. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 12. A) Buying some fitness equipment for the new gym. B) Opening a gym and becoming personal trainers. C) Signing up for a weight-loss course. D) Trying out a new gym in town. 13. A) Professional personal training. B) Free exercise for the first week. C) A discount for a half-year membership. D) Additional benefits for young couples. 14. A) The safety of weight-lifting. B) The high membership fee. C) The renewal of his membership. D) The operation of fitness equipment. 15. A) She wants her invitation renewed. B) She used to do 200 sit-ups every day. 3 C) She knows the basics of weight-lifting. D) She used to be the gyms personal trainer. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. 16. A) They tend to be nervous during interviews. B) They often apply for a number of positions. C) They worry about the results of their applications. D) They search extensively for employers information. 17. A) Get better organized. B) Edit their references. C) Find better-paid jobs. D) Analyze the searching process. 18. A) Provide their data in detail. B) Personalize each application. C) Make use of better search engines. D) Apply for more promising positions. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. 19. A) If kids did not like school, real learning would not take place. B) If not forced to go to school, kids would be out in the streets. C) If schools stayed the way they are, parents were sure to protest. D) If teaching failed to improve, kids would stay away from school. 20. A) Allow them to play interesting games in class. B) Try to stir up their interest in lab experiments. C) Let them stay home and learn from their parents. D) Design activities they now enjoy doing on holidays. 21. A) Allow kids to learn at their own pace. B) Encourage kids to learn from each other. C) Organize kids into various interest groups. D) Take kids out of school to learn at first hand. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. 22. A) It is especially popular in Florida and Alaska. B) It is a major social activity among the young. C) It is seen almost anywhere and on any occasion. D) It is even more expressive than the written word. 23. A) It is located in a big city in Iowa. B) It is really marvelous to look at. C) It offers free dance classes to seniors. D) It offers people a chance to socialize. 24. A) Their state of mind improved. B) They became better dancers. 4 C) They enjoyed better health. D) Their relationship strengthened. 25. A) It is fun. B) It is life. C) It is exhausting. D) It is rhythmical. Part Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with10 blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of _26_ . Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of the Pacific Ocean blurred by the haze (霾). Nor is the states bad air _27_ to its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents hearts and lungs are affected as a _28_ . All of which, combined with Californias reputation as the home of technological _29_ , makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in _30_ . And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring stations that are _31_ to yield minute-to-minute maps of _32_ air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices. To this end, Aclima has been _33_ with Googles Street View system. Davida Herzl, Aclimas boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Franciscos transit workers went on strike and the citys _34_ were forced to use their cars. Conversely, cycle to work days have done their job by _35_ pollution lows. A) assisted B) collaborating C) consequence D) consumers E) creating F) detail G)domestic H) frequently I) inhabitants J) innovation K) intended L) outdoor M) pollutants N) restricted O) sum Section B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. As Tourists Crowd Out Locals, Venice Faces Endangered List A) On a recent fall morning, a large crowd blocked the steps at one of Venices main tourist sites, the Rialto Bridge. The Rialto Bridge is one of the four bridges spanning the Grand Canal. It is the oldest bridge across the canal, and was the dividing line between the districts of San Marco and San Polo. But on this day, there was a twist: it was filled with Venetians, not tourists. 5 B) People are cheering and holding their carts in the air, says Giovanni Giorgio, who helped organize the march with a grass-roots organization called Generazione 90. The carts he refers to are small shopping cartsthe symbol of a true Venetian. It started as a joke, he says with a laugh. The idea was to put blades on the wheels! You know? Like Ben Hur. Precisely like that, you just go around and run people down. C) Venice is one of the hottest tourist destinations in the world. But thats a problem. Up to 90,000 tourists crowd its streets and canals every dayfar outnumbering the 55,000 permanent residents. The tourist increase is one key reason the citys population is down from 175,000 in the 1950s. The outnumbered Venetians have been steadily fleeing. And those who stick around are tired of living in a place where they cant even get to the market without swimming through a sea of picture-snapping tourists. Imagine, navigating through 50,000 people while on the way to school or to work. D) Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, says the local and national governments have failed to do anything about the crowds for decades, because theyre only interested in tourismthe primary industry in Venice, worth more than $3 billion in 2015. Venice is a cash cow, she says, and everyone wants a piece. E) Just beyond St. Marks Square, a cruise ship passes, one of hundreds every year that appear over their medieval (中世纪的) surroundings. Their massive wake creates waves at the bottom of the sea, weakening the foundations of the centuries-old buildings themselves. Every time I see a cruise ship, I feel sad, Chigi says. You see the mud it drags; the destruction it leaves in its wake? That hurts the ancient wooden poles holding up the city underwater. One day well see Venice break down. F) For a time, UNESCO, the cultural wing of the United Nations, seemed to agree. Two years ago, it put Italy on notice, saying the government was not protecting Venice. UNESCO considers the entire city a World Heritage Site, a great honor that means Venice, at the cultural level, belongs to all of the worlds people. In 2014, UNESCO gave Italy two years to manage Venices flourishing tourism or the city would be placed on another listWorld Heritage In Danger, joining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra, destroyed by the war in Syria. G) Venices deadline passed with barely a murmur (嘟哝) this summer, just as UNESCO was meeting in Istanbul. Only one representative, Jad Tabet from Lebanon, tried to raise the issue. For several years, the situation of heritage in Venice has been worsening, and it has now reached a dramatic situation, Tabet told UNESCO. We have to act quicklythere is not a moment to waste. H) But UNESCO didnt even hold a vote. Its been postponed until 2017, says Anna Somers, the founder and CEO of The Art Newspaper and the former head of Venice in Peril, a group devoted to restoring Venetian art. She says the main reason the U.N. cultural organization didnt vote to declare Venice a World Heritage Site In Danger is because UNESCO has become 6 intensely politicized. There would have been some back-room negotiations. I) Italy boasts more UNESCO World Heritage Sites than any other country in the world, granting it considerable power and influence within the organization. The former head of the UNESCO World Heritage Centre, which oversees heritage sites, is Francesco Bandarin, a Venetian who now serves as UNESCOs assistant director-general for culture. J) Earlier this year, Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists (考古学家) to protect cultural heritage from natural disasters and terror groups, such as ISIS. The accord underlined Italys global reputation as a good steward of art and culture. K) But adding Venice to the UNESCO endangered listwhich is dominated by sites in developing and conflict-ridden countrieswould be an international embarrassment, and could even hurt Italys profitable tourism industry. The Italian Culture Ministry says it is unaware of any government efforts to pressure UNESCO. As for the organization itself, it declined a request for an interview. L) The citys current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro, has ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business, while continuing to support the cruise ship industry, which employs 5,000 Venice residents. M) As for Venetians, theyre beyond frustrated and hoping for a solution soon. Its a nightmare for me. Some situations are really difficult with tourists around, says Giorgio as he navigates around a swelling crowd at the Rialto Bridge. There are just so many of them. They never know where they are going, and do not walk in an orderly manner. Navigating the streets can be exhausting. N) Then it hits him: This crowd isnt made up of tourists. Theyre Venetians. Giorgio says hes never experienced the Rialto Bridge this way in all his 22 years. For once, we are the ones who are blocking the traffic, he says delightedly. It feels unreal. It feels like were some form of endangered species. Its just nice. The feeling is just pure. But, he worries, if tourism isnt managed and his fellow locals continue to move to the mainland, his generation might be the last who can call themselves native Venetians. 36. The passing cruise ships will undermine the foundations of the ancient buildings in Venice. 37. The Italian government has just reached an agreement with UNESCO to take measures to protect its cultural heritage. 38. The heritage situation in Venice has been deteriorating in the past few years. 39. The decrease in the number of permanent residents in Venice is mainly due to the increase of tourists. 40. If tourism gets out of control, native Venetians may desert the city altogether one day. 41. UNESCO urged the Italian government to undertake its responsibility to protect Venice. 7 42. The participants in the Venetian march used shopping carts to show they were 100% local residents. 43. Ignoring UNES