高考英语一轮复习 定语从句学案 .docx

高三一轮复习学案：定语从句一、 定语从句定义：1）在复合句中，修饰或名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。2）被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。3）引导定语从句的词有关系代词 that, which, who, whom, whose, as. 关系副词 where, when, why.二、 定语从句考点：I. 关系代词引导的定语从句 （关系代词在定语从句中充当主语，宾语或表语）1) 注意先行词是人还是物:先行词是人用：that, who, whom, whose 来引导定语从句。先行词是物用：that, which, whose来引导定语从句。The man _ is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. He told us a story _ made everyone laugh. The room _ windows face south is ours. 2) 先行词是物时，只用that，不用which五种情况:·当先行词是不定代词时,如:all ,few, little, much, something, anything, everything, nothing ·当先行词被the only, the very, just the 等修饰时·当人和物合做先行词时 ·当先行词被序数词修饰时 · 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时All _ I want is peace and quiet. This is the very computer _I am eager to buy. He talked about the people and the things _he had seen in his hometown. The first lesson _ they learned is the most difficult of all. This is the most boring book_Ive ever read. 3) 定语从句中，介词前置时，介词后只能用which或whom, 即 介词+which/whom. This is the book about _ we talked yesterday.The boy of _the women is proud is his son.关系副词引导的定语从句 （关系副词在定语从句中充当状语, 关系副词=介词+which）I will never forget the day _I first came to Longwan High school.The building _ he lives is very old.That is one of the reasons _I hate you. 1）注意关系代词和关系副词的选择:Do you still remember the place _ we visited last week?August 8th,2008 is the day_ the 29th Olympics started. When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house _ I would be staying.Finally he reached a lonely island _ was completely cut off from the outside world.2）case, situation, point, stage, position, 等作先行词时，如果先行词在定语从句中做状语，常被看做“抽象的地点”，这时用where引导定语从句，如：We will start at the point _ we stopped. Sales(销售）director is a position _ communication ability is just as important as sales skills. There are many cases _ students know the words but cant use them properly.We have reached the stage _we almost have no rights at all.II. 非限制性定语从句: 1) 不能用that 来引导，其他的关系词都可以。She purchased a new car, _was made in Germany.He must be from Africa, _ can be seen from his skin.The beautiful village, _ we spent our holiday last month, lies at the foot of a mountain.She has three daughters, two of _are lawyers.Many children, _ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village.2) as 在非限制性定语从句中的用法："as" 有“正如”之意， 常用在一些固定搭配中。 as we all know /expect /see /discover /report, as is known to all/expected/seen/discovered/reported, as is mentioned above,（就像上文提到的那样） as the saying goes (就像谚语说的那样)as is often the case (with sb) 情况经常是这样“ You cant judge a book by its cover,” _the old saying goes.There is no simple answer, _ is often the case in science.The Leishenshan Hospital,_ is reported by the media/press, will be put into use.We will win the battle against the virus, _ is believed by us.The air quality in the city, _ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months. _is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing. _ we all know, the world consists of seven continents and four oceans. 三、 高考真题：1.We have entered into an age _ dreams have the best chance of coming true. 2.Their child is at the stage_ she can say individual words but not full sentences.3.They were well trained by their masters _ had great experience with caring for these animals.4.Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, _is not good for health.5.But Sarah, _has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.6.The little problems_we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.7.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.8.On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth_gives off light in the dark.9.The students benefiting most from college are those_ are totally engaged(参与) in academic life.10.She and her family bicycle to work, _ helps them keep fit.11.In ancient China lived an artist _paintings were almost lifelike.12.Many lessons are now available online, from _ students can choose for free.13.Dr. Rowan, _ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.14. Kate, _sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.15.Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 _ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.16. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when the government started a soil-testing program _gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmersand 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.17. Many westerners_come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.