高中英语 阅读理解 七选五考前小题提分练十一.docx
高中英语阅读理解+七选五考前小题提分练十一PART A（1）Here are four books which will make young readers want to continue turning the pages.Outrun the Moon by Stacey LeeOutrun the Moon tells the story of a fifteen-year-old girl and her determination to succeed, even in the face of disaster. Mercy Wongs life is completely turned upside down when an earthquake destroys her home and school. Mercy is determined to help her broken city heal. Outrun the Moon is a heartwarming story about the determination of a teenage girl. Its the winner of the Asian/Pacific American Award for Literature.OCDaniel by Wesley KingThis first-person narrative is told from the perspective of Daniel, a 13-year-old who tries to hide his obsessive compulsive disorder as he struggles to fit into the world of middle school. Then he gets a note that puts him in the middle of a mystery that may change everything. Full of heartbreak and joy, as well as important lessons and themes, OCDaniel is a thrilling novel that will definitely make you cheer for Daniel and eagerly turn the pages.Amal Unbound by Aisha SaeedWith dreams of becoming a teacher one day, the main character, Amal, is living a simple, ordinary life in her Pakistani village until a terrible incident forces her to become a servant for the villages landlord(地主). Her new life is a struggle, at times heartbreaking, but she stays strong. After many struggles, she finally returns to her loved ones and works towards her goals.Harbor Me by Jacqueline WoodsonThis novel tells the tale of six students who meet weekly to speak from their hearts about issues that are affecting them, from race, prejudice and privilege to immigration. As they express the feelings and fears that they hid from others and try to make sense of the world around them, the kids show the effectiveness of talking to others.1. What is Outrun the Moon about?A. A boy has difficulty fitting into the world.B. Some students have a free talk every week.C. A girl helps repair her city after the disaster.D. A woman tries her best to become a teacher.2. Which of the following novels shows the importance of communication?A. Outrun the Moon.B. OCDaniel.C. Amal Unbound.D. Harbor Me.3. What do the four books share?A. They are the bestsellers.B. They are suitable for teenagers.C. They are award-winning books.D. They are based on true stories.（2）A few weeks ago, I bought a locally-grown salad from a vending machine(自动售货机). But then I immediately realized that it was packaged in a plastic jar. ''I guess I live with this jar now and forever. '' I thought sadly as I stared down at my new child.The salad jar was only the latest in a long line of examples of how I am addicted to the responsibility of reusing everything, trying to never throw anything away. Water bottles have been given second lives, and berry containers are transformed into Tupperware. I recently even looked at a plastic straw in my fruit juice: Could I reuse it too?Yet trying to squeeze my salad jar under my kitchen counter this weekend, I finally had to admit: Being an environmentalist has turned me into a hoarder(囤积者). While keeping a certain number of jars and vegetable bags will allow me not to buy new containers, at a certain point those 30 berry containers begin to get a bit unnecessary. Who am I kidding? Then one day I came across a blog post that asks accusingly. ''Are you turning your own home into a landfill(垃圾填埋场)? ''In my defense, there is absolutely no excuse not to be a conscious consumer. The solution is painfully obvious, but hard to admit: Delaying waste is not, in fact, rejecting waste. In an over-packaged, over-consuming culture, this can feel like a burden. While I refuse to throw away packaging, the fact remains: I already have it. The damage is done. I've been ignoring one of the most essential and difficult partsreduce, reuse, recycle. Even if I go out of my way to reuse the waste I do have, I need to reduce what I am bringing home in the first place.While I might not be ready to go full zero-waste, it's a goal that is admirable to work toward. Until then, my salad jar child is going to make a great overnight oats jar.4. What does the author try to indicate by the last sentence in paragraph 2 ?A. How important reusing is.B. How enthusiastic she is about reusing.C. How she makes use of the plastic straw.D. Why she is responsible for reusing plastic straws.5. Why does the author say she has turned into a hoarder?A. She enjoys collecting a variety of small jars.B. She has saved far more containers than she needs.C. She likes the idea of saving fine packages in daily life.D. She stores more berry containers than other containers.6. What does the underlined word ''this'' in paragraph 4 refer to?A. Over-packaging.B. Delaying waste.C. Over-consuming.D. Rejecting waste.7. The author realizes at last that she should_.A. buy fewer over-packaged goodsB. throw away unnecessary packagingC. reuse materials as much as possibleD. appreciate the value of recycling materials（3）Artificial Intelligence (AI) advice is as influential as humans, but positive crowd views still overpower.In a study, researchers found that machines that make recommendationsor AI expertswere as influential as human experts when the AI experts recommended which photo users should add to their online business profiles. However, both AI and human experts failed to budge them if their feedback was negative and went against popular views among other users, said S. Shyam Sundar, a professor of Media Effects.Because people are increasingly using social media to look for feedback, studies suggest that expert opinions and the bandwagon（从众效应）effect may be important factors in influencing decisions, according to Jinping Wang, a doctoral candidate in mass communication and first author of the study. “Nowadays, we often turn to online platforms for opinions from other peoplelike our peers and expertsbefore making a decision,” said Wang. AI experts are often less expensive than human experts and they can also work 24 hours a day, which, Wang suggests, might make them appealing to online business.The researchers also found that the AIs group statusin this case, national origin was pointed outdid not seem to affect a persons acceptance of its recommendation. Among human experts, however, an expert from a similar national origin who offered a negative opinion of a photograph tended to be more influential than a human expert from an unknown country who offered a similar negative rating of a photograph.While findings that suggest group status may not affect whether a person values the view of AI experts sound like good news, Sundar suggests that the same cultural prejudice might still be at work in AI experts for they could be hidden in the programming and training data.“It can be both goodand badbecause it all depends on what you feed the AI,” said Sundar. “While it is good to believe in AIs ability to transcend（超越）cultural prejudice, we have to keep in mind that if you train the AI on pictures from one culture, they could give misleading recommendations on pictures meant for use in other cultural contexts.”8. What do the underlined words “budge them” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Change users ideas.B. Satisfy users needs.C. Raise users spirits.D. Fire users imagination.9. Why do users often turn to AI experts?A. Because AI experts are more knowledgeable.B. Because AI experts are less influenced by feelings.C. Because AI experts are always available and cost less.D. Because AI experts are so new as to be more attractive.10. Which experts negative assessments is a person more likely to believe?A. An expert who has great achievements in arts.B. An expert from countries with similar cultures.C. An expert with better personality and attitude.D. A foreign expert who is very popular worldwide.11. What did Sundar mean by the last paragraph?A. People should have a mind of their own.B. People should be able to tell good from bad.C. People should be trained how to use AI properly.D. People should know AIs hidden cultural prejudice.（4）Smart cities are coming. And you can be sure that hackers(黑客) wont be very far behind.Weve already gotten a glimpse of that future, as cities across the globe start to use technology to connect their services and residents in ways that was science fiction just a few years ago. They are using sensors to collect data such as traffic, garbage collecting, and road conditions and then using that data to deliver services to more people and more efficiently.But this rush to become a smart city has a major drawback: The more connected a city is, the easier it is to cyber-attacks. Hackers have, in recent years, effectively held cities hostage through ransom ware(赎金器), sometimes damaging critical systems for months at a time. The damage can cost millions to repair, as Baltimore and Atlanta have discovered.And this is just the beginning. As cities add connectivity to their streetlights, power grids, dams, transit lines and other services, they are adding more targets that have the potential to be hacked. Whats more, as additional information on residents is collected, officials worry the result lots of data could attract nation-states or terrorists who could incorporate the data into physical and cyber war.What cyber security lesson cant be taught in this hack? For example: Dont open email attachments from unfamiliar sources; dont click on unrecognized links; dont leave sensitive information visible on the walls or surfaces of your office. But lets just stick to the most important lesson: The information you share on social media can be used to profile and target you, whether thats by engineering click bait(点击诱饵) aimed at your particular interests, guessing your password based on your birthday or figuring out your schedule and travels so that an intruder can access your home or office.Wednesday, September 18, 2019 THE WALL STREET JOURNAL.12. What did people use to think of smart cities?A. It was the product of science.B. It was bound to be popular.C. It existed in imagination.D. It improved peoples life.13. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 3?A. Introduce the harm of hackers.B. Show the danger of a smart city.C. Add some background information.D. Summarize the previous paragraphs.14. What is officials attitude to big data?A. It is convenient to provide service.B. It is certain to bring about revolution.C. There are actually potential dangers.D. Theres competition in high technology.15. What does the underlined word "profile" in Para. 5 mean?A. Describe.B. Protect.C. Pursue.D. Fund.Part B第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Why is it that we always seem to pick the slowest line in a supermarket or store? Basically, the reason is simple: the chances are against us. To explain, imagine that you are in a store where there are three lines. _16_ If there are more lines, your chances of getting into the speediest queue are even less.Interestingly, some people have come up with theories and formulas to calculate this kind of thing. _17_ A pioneering queuing theorist was an engineer named Erlang. He wanted to figure out the best number of telephone operators to have at the telephone exchange in the early 1900s. Taking into consideration the average number of phone calls in an hour and the average call length, Erlang came up with formulas to determine the best number of operators that should be on duty at any given time. _18_ On top of that, his work established the basis for queuing theory, which became a new branch of mathematics.The theories first invented by Erlang are still used today in a variety of commercial settings, including call centers and traffic engineering. _19_ While there are many options available regarding lining up, it appears that a snaking-line approachwhere people stand in a single line and wait for the next available clerkis the most efficient. _20_ Research shows that this option is about three times faster than using separate lines, which is the approach that is most commonly used but not that efficient for anyone in a rush.A. This is the method that most banks use.B. People who do this type of research are generally known as queuing theorists.C. His formula was soon accepted by telephone companies, including the British Post.D. You only have a one-in-three chance of picking the quickest line, so most likely youll be wrong.E. The research he conducted even helps modern businesses provide satisfactory services to the public.F. Businesses know just the tricks for distracting their customers from the long lines theyre waiting in.G. Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout lines to get all customers through without delay.【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A 16. D 17. B 18. C 19. E 20. A
