2022年直接英语和间接英语句型转换.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载直接英语和间接英语句型转换.一、句型的变化 .（一） 假如直接引语是陈述句,间接引语一般是用 that 来引导； 口语中 that 常可以省略；. “I like to listen to rock music,” said Peter. Peter said that he liked to listen to rock music.【温馨提示】假如直接引语中显现两个或两个以上的陈述句并列时,第一个 that 可以省 略,后面一个不能省略,以免引起歧义；如：.The teacher said, “Thetext is very important. You should learn it by heart.”. The teacher said that the text is important and that we should learn it by heart. 二 假如直接引语是一般疑问句或挑选疑问句时,间接引语常变为由whether/if 引导,而且要用陈述句语序；如：1 The boy asked his mother, “Can I go to play football with my friends on Saturday.”The boy asked his mother whether/if he could go to play football with his friends on Saturday. 2 “Will you go to the museum this weekend or next weekend.” Li Hua asked me.Li Hua asked me whether/if I would go to the museum this weekend or the next weekend. 三 假如直接引语是特别问句,间接引语用特别疑问词引导,而且用陈述句语序；如：“How much time do you spend on the homework.” he asked me.He asked me how much time I spent on the homework. （四）假如间接引语是表示恳求、提议、建议、劝说等意义的问句,要借助其他句型结构来表达；如：1 “Would you buy me some stamps while you are in the office.” He said to me.He asked me to buy him some stamps while I am in the office. 2 “Why don t you come and play football with me.” He asked.He advised me to play football with him. 【温馨提示】 表示恳求、 劝说时, 通常用 “ ask/advise/want等 + 宾语 + 动词不定式 ” 结构；1 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载五 假如直接引语是祈使句,间接引语要用不定式的复合结构改,即改为： tell ask, order, warn, advise 等 sb. not to do sth. 如：1The policeman said to the children, “Dont play football in the street. The policeman ”told the children not to play football in the street. 2 “Listen to me carefully, please.” the teacher said to us.The teacher told us to listen to him carefully. 【温馨提示】假如祈使句中显现了please, 在间接引语中必需省略；六 假如直接引语是感叹句,变间接引语时,用 what, how 或 that 来引述；如：“What a beautiful house it is.” he said to meHe told me what a beautiful house it was. He told me that it was a beautiful house. 二、时态的变化（一）假如主句的时态是一般现在时或将来时,就间接引语中的时态不变；如；He says, “I m too tired.He says that he is too tired. （二）假如主句的时态是一般过去时,就间接引语中的时态相应地变为与过去相关的时态；详细变化如下：一般现在时一般过去时 The old man said that great 现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时1The old man said, “Great changes have taken place in China.changes had taken place in China. 2 “ Wang Lin is waiting for you outside of the school gate.” Li Fang said to me.Li Fang told me that Wang Lin was waiting for me outside of the school gate 2 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载【温馨提示 1】当转述的是客观事实、科学真理、格言或谚语；重复显现或现在习惯性的动作时,间接引语的时态不变化；如：1He said, “The earth travels around the sun. He said that the earth travels around the sun. 2 “Failure is the mother of success.” The teacher said to us.The teacher told us that failure is the mother of success. 【温馨提示2】当直接引语中的谓语动词含有情态动词must , need, ought to, had better 等,变间接引语时,间接引语中谓语动词的形式不变；如：1He said, “You had better ask for help when you are in trouble.”He said that I had better ask for help when I was in trouble. 三、人称代词的变化直接引语变为间接引语时,间接引语中作主语的人称代词或其他物主代词要作相应的变化；一般情形下要遵循以下几条原就：（一）直接引语的主语是第一人称,变为间接引语时,要和主句的主语保持一样；如：“Can I use your bike fora moment. ” the boy said to me.The boy asked me whether he could use my bike for moment. 二 直接引语的主语是其次人称,变为间接引语时,要和主句的宾语保持一样；如：The teacher asked Joan, “Why are you late again.”The teacher asked Joan why she was late again. （三）直接引语的主语是第三人称,变为间接引语时,间接引语中的主语人称不变；如：He asked me, “How long has Teddy stayed in China.He asked me how long has Teddy stayed in China. 四、主句谓语动词的变化一 直接引语是陈述句,谓语动词是saysaid的不变,是”said to sb.常变为 told sb.如：He said to his friend, “I am glad to see you.He told his friend that he was glad to see him. 3 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载二 直接引语是特别疑问句、一般疑问句或挑选疑问句,为 asked sb.如：“How can you do that.” Mary said to Betty.Mary asked Betty how she could do that. said 变为 asked; said to sb. 变三 直接引语是祈使句,变间接引语时,谓语动词可依据语气强弱选就 beg, advise, ask, tell, order, warn 等；假如祈使句是否定句,仍需在不定式符号to 前加 not.如：I said to her, “Please pass me a glass of water. I asked her to pass me a glass of water. She said, Dont smoke in the public place.She told me not to smoke in the public place. 四直接引语是感叹句,变间接引语时,引述动词常用“How well he looks.” he said.He exclaimed how well he looked. He said that he looked well. tell, exclaim 或 say 等；如：五、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和方向性动词的变化（一）指示代词的变化this that these those 但有时假如所说的东西就在眼前,也可不变；如：He said, “I like this book.He said that he liked this book. 书在眼前 二）时间状语的变化today that day this morning/afternoon, etc. that morning/afternoon, etc. yesterday the day before tomorrow the following/next day the day after tomorrow two days later next week/month, etc. the next week/month, etc. last week/month the week /month before now then 4 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载假如引述的时间和说话时间相同（如就在同年、同月、同日）,时间状语也可不变；如：Mr Black said, “I visited the Great Wall last year. ”Mr Black said that he had visited the Great Wall the year before. Mr Black said that he had visited the Great Wall last year. 三 地点和方向性动词的变化here there come go 假如说话人所在地和引述地点相同,here,come 也可不变；如：He said, “I will come here this evening.He said that he would come here this evening. 同时同地引述 He said that he would go there that evening. 巩固练习：将以下句子变为间接引语或直接引语1. He said to me, “I wrote a letter to my parents last week. ”He _ me that_ _ _ a letter to _parents_ _ _. 2. “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west,” mother said to her daughter.Mother_ her daughter that the sun_ up the east and _ in the west. 3. “Dont be late again, Jim, aid the teacher. The teacher_ _ _ _ be late again. 4. “Have you seen the film Harry Potter.” he asked.He asked me _ _ _ _ the film Harry Potter. 5. Mr Wang asked the students how they could improve their spoken English. “_ _ _ improve _ spoken English.” Mr Wang said to the students.5 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 5 页