2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(广东卷)英语试题及标准答案.pdf

绝密启用前绝密启用前试卷类型：试卷类型：A A20152015 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(广东卷广东卷)英语英语本试卷共 12 页,三大题,满分 135 分.考试用时 120 分钟注意事项：注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色笔迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用 2B 铅笔讲试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应的位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试题与答题卡一并交回。I I 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分语言知识及应用（共两节，满分 4545 分）分）第一节 完形填空(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 115 各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。How long can human beings live?Most scientists who study old age think that the humanbody is1to live no longer than 120 years.However,110 years is probably the longestthat anyone could hope to live if he or she is2healthy and lucky.Some scientistseven say we can live as long as 130 years!Yet,our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce3.They wear out,and as a result,we get old and4die.Even though we cant live forever,we are living a5life than ever before.In1900,the average American life span(寿命)was only 47 years,but today it is 75 years!When does old age begin then?Sixty-five may be out-of-date as the6linebetween middle age and old age.After all,many older people dont begin to experience physicaland mental7until after age 75.People are living longer because more people8childhood.Before modernmedicine changed the laws of nature,many children died of common childhood9.Now that the chances of dying10are much lower,the chances of living long aremuch higher due to better diets and health care.On the whole,our population is getting older.The11in our population will havelasting effects on our social development and our way of life.Some people fear such changeswill be for the worse,while some see12,not disaster,many men and women in their“golden years”are healthy,still active,and young in13if not in age.英语试卷 A 第 1页（共 12页）As the society grows old,we need the14of our older citizens.With long livesahead of them,they need to15active and devoted.1.A.designedB.selectedC.improvedD.discovered2.A.completelyB.generallyC.apparentlyD.extremely3.A.rapidlyB.harmlesslyC.endlesslyD.separately4.A.eventuallyB.hopelesslyC.automaticallyD.desperately5.A.busierB.longerC.richerD.happier6.A.finishingB.guidingC.waitingD.dividing7.A.stressB.damageC.declineD.failure8.A.surviveB.enjoyC.rememberD.value9.A.problemsB.fearsC.worriesD.diseases10.A.poorB.youngC.sickD.quiet11.A.changesB.recoveryC.safetyD.increases12.A.dreamsB.chancesC.strengthsD.choices13.A.mindB.appearanceC.voiceD.movement14.A.protectionB.suggestionsC.contributionsD.permission15.A.soundB.appearC.turnD.stay第二节第二节 语法填空（共语法填空（共 1010 题；每小题题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 1515 分）分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16-25 的相应位置上。Mr.John son lived in the woods with his wife and children.He owned16farm,which looked almost abandoned.17(lucky),he also had a cow which produced milkevery day.He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby18other foodand made cheese and butter for the family with what19(leave).The cow was their onlymeans of support,in fact.One day,the cow was eating grass20it began to rain heavily.While making great efforts to run away,she21(fall)over the hill and died.Then theJohnsons had to make a living22the cow.In order to support his family,Mr.Johnsonbegan to plant herbs and vegetables.Since the plants took a while to grow,he started cuttingdown trees23(sell)the wood.Thinking about his childrens clothes,he started growingcotton too.When harvest came around,he was already selling herbs,vegetables and cotton inthe market24people from the towns met regularly.Now it occurred to25thathis farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.英语试卷 A 第 2页（共 12页）IIIIII 阅读（共两节，满分阅读（共两节，满分 5050 分）分）第一节 阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。APeter loved to shop used articles.Almost a month ago,he bought popular word game thatused little pieces of wood with different letters on them.As he was purchasing it,the salesgirlsaid,“Uh,look,the game box hasnt even been opened yet.That mightbe worth some money.”Peter examined the box,and,sure enough,it was completely covered in factory-sealedplastic.And he saw a date of 1973 on the back of the box.“You should put that up for auction(拍卖)on the Internet,and see what happens.”thesalesgirl said.“Yes,youre right.People like something rare.”Peter agreed,“I cant imagine there beingvery many unopened boxes of this game still around 40 years later.”“Dont forget to tell me if you sell it.”the salesgirl smiled.“No problem.”Peter said.After he got home,Peter went online to several auction websites looking for his game.Buthe couldnt find it.Then he typed in the name of the word game and hit Search.The searchresult was 543 websites containing information about the changes of the game.Over the years,the game had been produced using letters in different sizes and game boards in different colors.He also found some lists of game fans looking for various versions of the game.Peter emailedsome of them,telling them what he had.Two weeks later,Peter went back to the shop.“Hello.Do you still remember the unopened word game?”The salesgirl looked at him for a second,then recognized him and said,“Oh,hi!”“Ive got something for you,”Peter said.“I sold the game and made$1,000.Thank you foryour suggestion.”He handed her three$100 bills.“Wow!”the salesgirl cried out.“Thank you,I never expected it.”26.Which of the following best describes Peters word game?A.It was made around 40 years ago.B.It had game boards in different sizes.C.It was kept in a plastic bag with a seal.D.It had little pieces of wood in different colors.27.What did the salesgirl probably think of Peters word game?A.Old and handy.B.Rare and valuable.英语试卷 A 第 3页（共 12页）C.Classic and attractive.D.Colorful and interesting28.Peter got the names of the game fans from _.A.an auctionB.the InternetC.a game shopD.the second-hand shop29.What happened at the end of the story?A.Peter gave the girl$300 as a reward.B.The salesgirlbecame Peters friend.C.Peter returned the word game for$1,000.D.The salesgirl felt confused to see Peter again.30.What is the main theme of the story?A.Its important to keep a promise.B.Its great to share in other peoples happiness.C.We should be grateful for the help from others.D.Something rare is worth a large amount of money.BWhen I was nine years old,I loved to go fishing with my dad.But the only thing thatwasnt very fun about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldnt catch anything.Iusually got pretty upset and kept asking him why.He always answered,“Son,if you want tocatch a fish,you have to think like a fish”,I remember being even more upset then because,“Im not a fish!”I didnt know how to think like a fish.Besides,I reasoned,how could what Ithink influence what a fish does?As I got a little olderI began to understand what my dad reallymeant.So,I read somebooks on fish.And I even joined the local fishing club and started attending the monthlymeetings.I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to watertemperature.That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer.Besides,water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in t he shade.Yet,fish dont have anyeyelids(眼皮)and the sun huts their eyes The more I understood fish,the more I becameeffective at finding and catching them.When I grew up and entered the business world,I remember hearing my first boss say,“We all need to think like sales people.”But it didnt completelymake sense.My dad neveronce said,“If you want to catch a fish you need to think like a fisherman.”What he said was,“You need to think like a fish.”Years later,with great efforts to promote l ong-term services topeople much older and richer than me,I gradually learned what we all need is to think more likecustomers.It is not an easy job.I will show you how in the following chapters.英语试卷 A 第 4页（共 12页）31.Why was the author upset in fishing trips when he was nine?A.He could not catch a fish.B.His father was not patient with him.C.His father did not teach him fishing.D.He could not influence a fish as his father did.32.What did the authors father really mean?A.To read about fish.B.To learn fishing by oneself.C.To understand what fish think.D.To study fishing in many ways.33.According to the author,fish are most likely to be found _.A.in deep water on sunny daysB.in deep water on cloudy daysC.in shallow water under sunlightD.in shallow water under waterside trees34.After entering the business world,the author found _.A.it easy to think like a customerB.his fathers fishing advice inspiringC.his first bosss sales ideas reasonableD.it difficult to sell services to poor people35.This passage most likely comes from _.A.a fishing guideB.a popular sales bookC.a novel on childhoodD.a millionaires biographyCDaniel Anderson,a famous psychologist,believes its important to distinguish televisionsinfluences on children from those of the family.We tend to blame TV,he says,for problems itdoesnt really cause,overlooking our own roles in shaping childrens minds.One traditional belief about television is that it reduces a childs ability to think and tounderstand the world.While watching TV,children do not merely absorb words and images(影像).Instead,they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see.Actually,children learn early the psychology of characters in TV shows.Furthermore,as many teachersagree,children understand far more when parents watch TV with them,explaining new wordsand ideas.Yet,most parents use an educational program as a chance to park their kids in front ofthe set and do something in another room.Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment.英语试卷 A 第 5页（共 12页）But according to Anderson,the amount of time spent watching television is not related toreading ability.TV doesnt take the place of reading for most children;it takes the place ofsimilar sorts of recreation,such as listening to the radio and playing sports.Things like parentseducational background have a stronger influence on a childs reading.“A childs reading abilityis best predicted by how much aparent reads.”Anderson says.Traditional wisdom also has it that heavy television-watching lowers IQ(智商)scores andaffects school performance.But here,too,Anderson notes that no studies have proved it.In fact,research suggests that its the other way around.“If youre smart young,youll watch less TVwhen youre older,”Anderson says.Yet,people of lower IQ tend to be lifelong televisionviewers.For years researchers have attempted to show that television is dangerous to children.However,by showing that television promotes none of the dangerous effects as conventionallybelieved,Anderson suggests that television cannot be condemned without considering otherinfluences.36.By watching TV,children learn _.A.images through wordsB.more than explicit meaningsC.more about images than wordsD.little about peoples psychology37.An educational program is best watched by a child _.A.on his ownB.with other kidsC.with his parentsD.with his teachers38.Which of thefollowing is most related to childrens reading ability?A.Radio-listeningB.Television-watchingC.Parents reading listD.Parents educational background39.Anderson believed that _.A.the more a child watches TV,the smarter he isB.the younger a child is,the more he watches TVC.the smarter a child is,the less likely he gets addicted to TVD.the less a child watches TV,the better he performs at school40.What is the main purpose of the passage?A.To advise on the educational use of TV.B.To describe TVs harmful effects on children.英语试卷 A 第 6页（共 12页）C.To explain traditional views on TV influences.D.To present Andersons unconventional ideas.DIt was once common to regard Britain as a society with class distinction.Each class hadunique characteristics.In recent years,many writers have begun to speak the decline of class and classlesssociety in Britain.And in modern day consumer society everyone is considered to be middleclass.But pronouncing the death of class is too early.A recent wide-ranging society of publicopinion found 90 percent of people still placing themselves in particular class;73 percentagreed that class was still a vital part of British society;and 52 percent thought there were stillsharp class differences.Thus,class may not be culturally and politically obvious,yet it remainsan important part of British society.Britain seems to have a love of stratification.One unchanging aspect of a British persons class position is accent.The words a personspeaks tell her or his class.A study of British accents during 1970s found that a voice soundinglike a BBC newsreader was viewed as the most attractive voice,Most people said this accentsounded educated and soft.The accents placed at the bottom in this study,on the other hand,were regional city accents.These accents were seen as common and ugly.However,a similarstudy of British accents in the US turned these results upside down and placed some regional(地区的)accents as the most attractive and BBC English as the least.This suggests that Britishattitudes towards accent have deep roots and are based on class prejudice.In recent years,however,young upper middle-class people in London,have begun to adoptsome regional accents,in order to hide their class origins.This is an indication of classbecoming unnoticed.However,the 1995 pop song Common People puts forward the view thatthough a middle-class person may want to live like common people they can never appreciatethe reality of a working-class life.41.A recent study of public opinion shows that in modern Britain _.A.it is time to end class distinctionB.most people belong to middle classC.it is easy to recognize a persons classD.people regard themselves socially different42.The word stratification in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _.A.varietyB.divisionC.authorityD.qualification英语试卷 A 第 7页（共 12页）43.The study in the US showed that BBC English was regarded as _.A.regionalB.educatedC.prejudicedD.unattractive44.British attitudes towards accent _.A.have a long traditionB.are based on regional statusC.are shared by the AmericansD.have changed in recent years45.What is the main idea of the passage?A.The middle class is expandingB.A persons accent reflects his classC.Class is a key part of British societyD.Each class has unique characteristics.第二节第二节 信息匹配（共信息匹配（共 5 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 1010 分）分）阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息，请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。首先请阅读下列活动介绍：A.A ANightNightofofGlamorGlamorandandIntrigueIntrigueatatShanghai Bund in 1930Shanghai Bund in 1930B.Picking PartnersPicking Partners-NEW YORKTo celebrate Asia heritage month,Trendy NewFeaturingadaptationsfromChineseandYork is proud to present“Cheongsam NightWesternclassic,includingworksfromout-A date with Cheongsam beauties inChinese Academy Award-winning composerTan Dun,the Beijing Guitar Duo teamed upShanghai Bund 1930”.with