2017年高考北京卷英语试题解析（精编版）（解析版）.doc

绝密启用前 2017年普通高等学校全国招生统一考试（北京卷）英 语本试卷共16页，共150分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：听力理解(共三节，30分)第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。例：What is the man going to read?A. A newspaper. B. A magazine. C. A book.答案是A。1. When will the film start?A. At 5:00. B. At 6:00. C. At 7:00.2. Which club will the man join?A. The film club. B. The travel club. C. The sports club. 3. What was the weather like in the mountains yesterday?A. Sunny. B. Windy. C. Snowy. 4. What does the man want to cut out of paper?A. A fish. B. A bird. C. A monkey. 5. Where does the conversation most probably take place?来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§KA. In a library. B. At a bookstore. C. In a museum. 来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§K第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6. Why does the woman make the call?A. To make an invitation.B. To ask for information.C. To discuss a holiday plan.7. How much does the woman need to pay for the minibus?A. $50. B. $150. C. $350.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.What are the two sperkers mainly talking about? A. Electronic waste. B. Soil pollution. C. Recycling benefits.9.What does the woman decide to do with her cell phone in the end? A.Throw it away. B. Keep it at home. C. Sell it to be recycled.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What is the possible relationship between the two speakers? A. Friends. B. Wife and husband. C. Business partners.11. Where does the woman work now? A. In a school. B. In a restaurant. C. In a travel agency.12. What are the two speakers going to do? A. To take a trip. B. To have a coffee. C. To attend a meeting.听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。13.What has been improved according to the speaker? A. The train station. B. The bus service. C. The parking lot.14. How does the speaker get to her office today? A. By bus and on foot. B. By train and by bus. C. By train and on foot.15. Who is the speaker?A. A reporter.B. A policeman.C. A photographer.第三节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面一段对话，完成第16至20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听对话前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。Pick-up Appointment FormItem（物品）A 16 and some magazinesDestinationOverseas to 17 DeliveryAir RegularTime to pick up5:00 18 afternoonPackingA medium boxCustomers information来源:学科网ZXXKMr. Hudson 19 来源:Z|xx|k.Com89 Street, Chicago, 20 Tel:4159786第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节 单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，共 15 分）从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：Its so nice to hear from her again. _, we last met more than thirty years ago.A. Whats moreB. Thats to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。21. Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, _ easily reach the books on the top shelf.A. must B. should C. can D. need【答案】C试题分析：A. must 必须；B. should应该；C. can能；D. need需要。句意：Samuel，我们班最高的男生，能很轻松地够着书架顶上的书。此处需要一个表示能力的词，故用can，答案为C。考点：考查情态动词【名师点睛】常用的情态动词有can，may，must，need, should等1. can的用法： 表示能力能，会。 eg: He can speak a little Japanese. 他会说一点日语。 表示请求或许可 可以 eg: Can I help you? 要我帮忙吗? 表示猜测 可能 eg: Where can she go now? 她可能到哪里去了呢？ 2. may的用法： 表示请求或允许可以，准许 eg: May I go home, please? 请问我可以回家吗？ 表示可能性可能，也许 eg: I think it may rain this afternoon. 我想今天下午可能下雨。 注：might为may的过去式，但也可以代替may，语气较为婉转客气或更加不肯定。 eg: He might not come today. 今天他也许不来了。(语气不肯定) You might also get a headache when you work too hard. 当你工作太努力时，你也可能患头痛3. must的用法： 表示义务、必要或命令 必须，应该 eg: You must come early tomorrow. 你明天得早来。 表示推测时肯定，一定 eg: They must be at home. The light is on. 他们肯定在家，灯亮着呢。 must not禁止，不许 eg: You must not tell lies. 你不许撒谎。 注意：must开头的疑问句，其否定回答通常用dont have to 或neednt，而不用mustnt。 eg: Must I finish my homework first? 我必须先完成作业吗？ No, you dont have to/ neednt. 不，你不必。 can和must在 表推测时，can一般用于否定句中，而must常用于肯定句中。 eg: It can not be Li Lei. 那个人不可能是李磊。 It must be Li Lei. 那个人肯定是李磊。4. need的用法： 情态动词需要，有必要一般用于否定句或疑问句中。 eg: You neednt come here this afternoon. 你今天下午不必来。 行为动词需要，有必要 可以用于各种句式中。eg: You dont need to go now. 你不必现在就走。 I need to have a rest. 我需要休息一下。 Do we need to finish all the work today? 我们今天需要完成所有的工作吗？need的用法的助记口诀：实义动词表需要，后接名、代、不定式。 need后接动名词，主动形式表被动。情态动词表需要，没有人称数之变。 其后直接加动原，多用疑问与否定。22. Peter, please send us postcards _ well know where you have visited.No problem.A. but B. or C. for D. so【答案】D试题分析：A. but 但是B. or或者 C. for因为D. so因此。句意：Peter，请给我们寄明信片，这样我们就会知道你去哪游览过。根据语境可知前后句之间是因果关系，故选D。考点：考查并列连词。【名师点睛】并列连词的用法1. 表示转折关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有 but, yet等。如： Someone borrowed my pen, but I dont remember who. 有人借了我的钢笔，但我不记得是谁了。2. 表示因果关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有 for, so等。如： The child had a bad cough, so his mother took him to the doctor. 这孩子咳得很厉害，所以他妈妈带他去看医生。 注意：for表示结果通常不能放句首，也不能单独使用。3. 表示并列关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有and, or, eitheror , neithernor, not onlybut (also), bothand, as well as等。如：He didnt go and she didnt go either. 他没去，她也没去。The weather is mild today; it is neither hot nor cold. 今天天气很温暖，不冷也不热。23. Every year, _ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.A. whatever B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever【答案】B考点：考查连词。【名师点睛】主语从句 Subject Clauses (在主语的位置上)1. 从句的连接词可以是that, 也可以是特殊疑问词wh-。That he is a famous singer is known to us.= It is known to us thatWhether we shall attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet.Who will go makes no difference.2. wh-ever引导的从句wh-ever在引导名词性从句时不能用no matter wh-来替换，但在引导状语从句时可以替换。Whatever happened, he would not mind.= No matter what happened, he24. _ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday?Yes. They are happy with it.A. Did you call B. Have you called C. Will you call D. Were you calling【答案】A试题分析：句意：你昨天有没有给那家公司打电话问问他们对我们的产品感觉怎么样？打了，他们对产品很满意。空格所在题干有一个很明显的时间状语yesterday，发生在过去，肯定用过去式，故选A。考点：考查时态。25. _ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.A. Once B. If C. Although D. Because【答案】C试题分析：A. Once一旦 B. If如果 C. Although尽管 D. Because因为。句意：尽管鸟儿们用羽毛来飞翔，但是他们的一些羽毛还有其他用途。根据语境可知前后之间是让步关系，故选C。考点：考查连词。26. Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing _ she was heading.A. why B. where C. how D. when【答案】B试题分析：A. why 为什么 B. where 在哪 C. how如何 D. when什么时候。句意：Jane漫无目的地走在两旁栽树的街道上，不知道她将去往何方。根据语境可知此处是表地点的，因此用where引导宾语从句。故选B。考点：考查连词，宾语从句。27. Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online _ their valuable time. A. save B. saving C. to save D. saved【答案】C试题分析：句意：为了节省乘客的时间，许多航空公司现在允许他们网上打印登机牌。此处是动词不定式表目的，故选C。考点：考查非谓语动词。【名师点睛】不定式作状语不定式作状语，表示目的、结果、原因等，有时还有一些固定搭配的不定式短语，如in order to, so as to, soas to, such as to, .enough to, tooto等。(1) 作目的状语，just to, only to （仅仅为了）, in order to, so as to, so(such)as to（如此以便）如：He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。(2) 作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。如：He hurried to the post office only to find it was closed.He searched the room only to find nothing.(3) 作原因状语。如：We were very excited to hear the news.Im glad to see you.(4) 作条件状语。28. If you dont understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people _ you figure it out.A. because B. though C. until D. since【答案】C考点：考查连词，状语从句。【名师点睛】从属连词的用法1. 引导时间状语从句的从属连词(1) 表示当时候的时间连词。主要的有when, while, as, whenever。如：Dont talk while youre eating. 吃饭时不要说话。He came just as I was leaving. 我正要走时他来了。(2) 表示在之前(或之后)的时间连词。主要的有before, after。如：Try to finish your work before you leave. 离开前设法把工作做完。(3) 表示自从或直到的时间连词。主要的有since, until, till。如：Shes been playing tennis since she was eight. 她从八岁起就打网球了。 (4) 表示一就的时间连词。主要的有as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, once, no soonerthan, hardlywhen等。如：Ill let you know as soon as I hear from her. 我一收到她的信就通知你。(5) 表示上次 下次 每次等的时间连词。主要的有every time(每次)，each time(每次)，(the) next time(下次)，any time(随时)，(the) last time(上次)，the first time(第一次)。如：Ill tell him about it (the) next time I see him. 我下一次见到他时，我就把这个情况告诉他。注意：every time, each time, any time前不用冠词，(the) next time, (the) last time中的冠词可以省略，而the first time中的冠词通常不能省略。2. 引导条件状语从句的从属连词。这类连词主要有if, unless, as /so long as, in case等。如：Do you mind if I open the window? 我开窗你不介意吧？注意：在条件状语从句中，通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义，而不能直接使用将来时态。不过，有时表示条件的 if之后可能用 will，但那不是将来时态，而是表示意愿或委婉的请求(will为情态动词)。如：If you will sit down for a few moments, Ill tell the manager youre here. 请稍坐，我这就通知经理说您来了。3. 引导原因状语从句的从属连词。主要的有because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that), considering (that) 等。如：He distrusted me because I was new. 他不信任我，因为我是新来的。29. In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _ yet. A. havent invented B. havent been invented C. hadnt invented D. hadnt been invented【答案】D试题分析：句意：在美国20世纪50年代的时候，大多数的家庭家里只有一部电话，并且无线电话还根本没有发明出来。根据句意可知用被动语态，排除A和C，事情发生在过去，与现在无关，不用现在完成时，排除B，故选D，过去完成时的被动语态。考点：考查时态语态。30. The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _ from butterflies to elephants. A. ranging B. range C. to range D. ranged 【答案】A试题分析：句意：国家公园有许多的野生动物，包括从蝴蝶到大象等等。此处野生动物和range之间是主动关系，用现在分词，故选A。考点：考查非谓语动词。【名师点睛】现在分词和过去分词的区别：在语态上，现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义；在时间上，现在分词表示的动作往往正在进行或者与谓语动词同时发生，过去分词表示的动作已经完成或没有一定的时间性。如：falling leaves 正在下落的树叶 fallen leaves 已经落在地上的树叶分词的作用1、 作定语（1） 单个分词作定语，分词前置。如：The sleeping boy is my son.The excited people rushed into the building.（2） 分词短语作定语，分词后置；分词修饰不定代词something等要后置；个别分词如give，left等作定语也后置。如：The girl standing under the tree is my niece.The building built last year is our library.（3） 过去分词作定语与其修饰的词是被动关系，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。如：Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.2、 作状语现在分词和过去分词在句中可以作时间、原因、方式、伴随、条件、结果等状语。Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call.（原因）Given more attention, the trees could have grown better. （条件）Bitten by a snake, he was taken to hospital. （原因）Though defeated, he didnt lose heart. （让步）He lay on the grass, looking into the sky. （伴随）He came running to tell me the good news. （方式）注意：（1）选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是由主句的主语发出，分词就用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。试比较：（Being）Used for a long time, the book looks old. 由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。Using the book, I find it useful. 在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。（2）分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须和主句的主语一致，如果不一致，就用独立主格结构，即在分词前加上它的逻辑主语。现在分词的完成式主要用于作状语，一般不用作定语。3、 作表语现在分词作表语多表示主语具有的特征，过去分词作表语多指主语所处的状态。如：The film is touching.The glass is broken.4、 作宾语补足语分词和不定式一样，在一些感官动词或使役动词后作宾语补足语。如：I smell something burning.I heard him singing the song.I heard my name called.5、 作插入语generally speaking 一般说来 talking of (speaking of) 说到strictly speaking 严格地说 judging from 从判断all things considered 从整体来看 taking all things into consideration 全面看来。如：Judging from his face, he must be ill. 从他的脸色看，他一定是病了。Generally speaking, dogs can run faster than pigs. 总的来说，狗比猪跑得快。31. The little problems _ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.A. that B. as C. where D. when 【答案】A试题分析：句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能就是伟大发明的灵感。_ we meet in our daily lives是定语从句，从句缺少宾语，先行词是problems，用that。考点：考查定语从句。【名师点睛】定语从句的关系词分为关系代词（who, whom, whose, that, which, as）和关系副词（when, where, why）。1. 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语，定语等成分。关系副词可代替的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。eg. An architect is a person who / that designs houses and buildings.The city where / in which I was born is on the new railway line.2. 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词可省略（非限定性定语从句中不可省略）。e.g. I find it difficult to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.I find it difficult to cooperate with the one who always sticks to his own opinion.The suit (which / that ) the tailor made for me doesnt fit me.3. 非限定性定语从句中，关系词均不可省略。注意关系代词that, 关系副词why, 不可用于非限定性定语从句。4. 作介词宾语的关系代词 在限制和非限制性定语从句中，关系代词作介词宾语，即介词+关系代词，whom用于指人，which用于指物，不能用that。e.g. The man with whom you shook hands just now is head of our department.Mrs. Nye, with whom you shook hands just now, is head of our department.The room in which my family live used to be a garage.32. Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time _ with his students.A. to spend B. spend C. spending D. spent 【答案】D考点：考查非谓语动词。33. People _ better access to health care than they used to, and theyre living longer as a result.A. will haveB. haveC. hadD. had had【答案】B试题分析：句意：人们有着比过去更好的医疗保健，所以他们更长寿。与过去对比是现在，所以than前一句话是用现在的时间，而且后一句用的就是现在时态，所以前面也用现在时态，故选B。考点：考查时态。34. If the new safety system _ to use, the accident would never have happened. A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put【答案】A试题分析：句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话，这个事故就不会发生了。根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟，所以从句谓语用had done形式，此外根据句意可知是被动，用被动语态，故A项是正确的。考点：考查虚拟语气。【名师点睛】虚拟语气在条件中的具体用法真实条件句If you work hard, youll surely pass the exam.虚拟条件句（假设情况不存在，实现机会很小）If I were a bird, I could fly freely in the sky.if从句的谓语动词主句谓语动词1. 与现在事实相反动词过去式（be一律用were）would/could/might/should + 动词原形2. 与过去事实相反had done would/could/might/should + have done3. 与将来事实可能相反a. 动词过去式（be一律用were）b. should+动词原形（不能用would）c. were to+动词原形would/could/might/should+动词原形1. 与现在事实相反if从句：动词过去式（bewere）主句：would/could/might/should+动词原形If we had time, we would go with you.If I were you, I shouldnt do that.If it werent raining, we wouldnt stay.2. 与过去事实相反if从句：had done主句：would/could/might/should+have doneIf the teacher hadnt helped us, we couldnt have succeeded.I could have done it better if I had been more careful.If he hadnt been ill, he might have come.3. 与将来事实可能相反if从句：a. 动词过去式（be一律用were） b. should+动词原形（不能用would） c. were to+动词原形主句：would/could/might/should+动词原形If he came tomorrow, I would tell him everything.If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home and watch TV.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.Should he come tomorrow, please give the book to him.4. 错综时间条件句在虚拟语气中，有时条件从句动作发生的时间和主句动作发生的时间是不一致的，称为错综时间条件句。这种句子的形式往往要根据句子的时间相调整，分别处理。If you had spoken to him yesterday, you would know what to do now.If