《2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测》专题01 语法填空（讲练）（原卷版）.doc

2020届高三二轮复习英语精品资料【讲练】专题 1 语法填空【构建知识体系】2017-2019年全国高考本专题考查分布明细统计情况考点 201820172019卷卷卷卷卷卷卷卷卷命题特点有提示词名词11111111.一般为200词左右的说明文或者记叙文，难度适中，符合高中生的阅读水平2考查形式为给出提示词和不给出提示词两种，不给出提示词的题目一般为3个，提示词填空多为7个代词11词性转换232232223时态、语态和主谓一致121222222非谓语动词222212231无提示词连词或连接词11111223给出提示词的题目包括词性转换、名词的单复数、动词的时态/语态和非谓语动词等；不给出提示词的有冠词、连词或连接词、代词、介词等，不给出提示词时只能填一个单词冠词1111111代词111介词11111111其他11体裁说明文说明文记叙文说明文说明文记叙文说明文记叙文记叙文【考纲解读】考试大纲要求考纲解读普通高中英语课程标准(实验)明确指出：高中学生应该学习和掌握的英语语言基础知识包括语音、词汇、语法、功能和话题等五个方面的内容(教育部)。考查考生对语法、词汇和语用知识的掌握情况。语篇型语法填空则更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用，强调词汇的变形。同时强调语篇分析能力，凸显交际性和语境化特征。【剖析全国高考真题】预测高考命题方向2017-2019年新课标卷高考英语语法填空试题分析：年份试卷类型体裁词数话题考点分布2019年新课标卷I说明文185介绍了北极熊的生存现状提示词7个61.同位语从句 62. 副词用法63. 介词64. 非谓语动词65. 时态66. 名词67. 非谓语动词68. 形容词比较级69. 定冠词70. 主谓一致。新课标卷II记叙文195九十高龄的Irene作为英国最年长的全职员工，她被颁发 “年度女士”称号。提示词7个61.非谓语动词62.定语从句63.副词用法64.动词时态65.不定式作定语66.动词时态67.并列连词68.非谓语动词69.冠词用法70.形容词作表语新课标卷III记叙文180作者去夏威夷度假途中的经历以及到了主人家后受到的礼遇。提示词7个61.副词62.不定式63.介词64.定语从句65.一般过去时66.名词67.形容词68.副词69.一般过去时的被动语态70.分词2018年新课标卷I 说明文 196跑步的好处，它可以帮助人们延年益寿提示词7个61.副词的级 62. 不定式63.动名词64.时态65.比较句型66.定语从句67.名词数68. 词形变化69.词形变化。70.代词或名词新课标卷II 说明文 208 中国为保护环境在农作物种植上做了一些变化并得到了世界上的知名人士的认可提示词7个61.时态62. 冠词63. 副词64. 非谓语动词65. 连词66. 词性转换67.词性转换68. 时态69. 定语从句70. 省略句新课标卷III 记叙文 193在中非偶遇大猩猩，彼此惊恐的经历提示词7个61.宾语从句62.冠词63.最高级64. 动词65. 非谓语66. 名词67. 动词短语68. 代词69. 时态70. 非谓语2017年新课标卷I 说明文 223低脂肪、低盐的饮食趋势及其对人们健康的影响提示词7个61. 介词62. 名词的数63. 非谓语动词64. 谓语动词65. 冠词66. 比较级67. 主谓一致68. 非谓语动词69. 形容词70. 定语从句新课标卷II 说明文201世界第一个地铁的形成和发展提示词7个61.名词的数62.介词63.非谓语动词64.冠词65.被动语态66.副词67.代词68. 时态69. 名词70. 形容词新课标卷III 说明文215 Sarah Thomas在学业和诱人的职业面前所做出的选择。提示词7个61. 非谓语动词62. 冠词63.时态和语态64. 定语从句65. 非谓语动词66. 名词67. 名词的数68. 介词69. 动词时态70. 副词1.【2019·全国I】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence _61_ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been _62_ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.Modem methods _63_ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive _64_ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut _65_ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a _66_ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by _67_ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are _68_ (high) than they actually are. Of _69_ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _70_ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.2.【2019·全国II】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for _61_ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， _62_ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have _63_(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene _64_(declare) she had no plans _65_ (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said，“I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _66_(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, _67_ because I want to.”Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said，“We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call _68_ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was _69_ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's _70_ (wonder).”3.【2019·全国III】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。On our way to the house，it was raining _61_ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take _62_ (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.We were first greeted with the barking by a pack _63_ dogs，seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters _64_ had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and _65_(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting _66_(compete)to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many _67_(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were _68_ (huge)popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we _69_(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，_70_ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.【高考预测】纵观近几年全国高考试题，预测2020年全国高考试题还会文体以记叙文、说明文为主。上下文语境提示3-4个，单词基本形式提示6-7个。侧重对词汇变形的考查。【精讲研法】课堂讲解突破核心考点考点一 冠词、代词、介词等小品词（1）冠词【例1】【2019·新课标I卷】Of _ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.【例2】【2019·浙江卷】Everybody wears_ same style of clothes.【例3】【2018全国卷】Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over _62_ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.【例4】【2018·全国卷】Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at _62_ top of her lungs.规律方法1： 如何判断空格处应填冠词？下列情况很可能填不定冠词：(1)_+可数名词(单数)；(2)_+形容词+可数名词(单数)。下列情况下很可能填定冠词：(1)_ (+定语)+名词+ of等介词短语(表示特指)；(2)_ (+定语)+名词+定语从句(表示特指)；(3)_ (+定语)+名词+不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指)。【变式精练】1.【2020届湖北省华大新高考联盟高三1月教学质量测评】'' I entered 47 industry when I was 93 and this is my third year working as a model, '' she added.2. 【2020届河北省衡水中学高三下学期一调】The number of people learning Chinese is on 50increase in Chinas neighboring countries, such as Korea, Japan, and Vietnam.3. 【2020届山西省人教新课标高考模拟】Since there are 45large number of existing motivations, 46is important to know which ones are persuasive to you.4. （浙江省“五校联考”2019届高三上学期第一次考试）As with all other national museums in _40_ United Kingdom, it charges no admission fee.5. （安徽省黄山市普通高中2019届高三11月“八校联考”）“Every storm is _50_example of the power of nature, It is the greatest show on Earth.”（2）代词【例1】【2019·北京】I know I will whisper to _(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.【例2】When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find _68_(they) alive. （2018·全国卷）【例3】Anyone can call _46_ (they) a “diet expert”, “nutritionist” and even a “doctor” given it could refer to qualifications like a PhD. （河北衡水中学2019届高三上学期期中）规律方法2： 如何判断空格处应填代词？（1）无提示词。（2）作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，注意形容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。（3）指示代词（it和this）,不定代词，it用作引导词,反身代词等。【变式精练】1. 【2020届山西省人教新课标高考模拟】Since there are a large number of existing motivations, 46is important to know which ones are persuasive to you.2. 【四川省遂宁市2019-2020学年高三上学期第三次联考】I check every part every day. If it has heavy air pollution, I will prepare masks for my family. I dislike _43_ when the air is bad.3.If people design computer viruses，someone will design AT that improves and copies _44_(it). This will be a new form of life that outperforms humans. ”（ 湖南省三湘名校教育联盟2019届高三第一次大联考）3、介词【例1】（2019·新课标I卷）Modem methods _ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to perform (perform) consistently over a large area.【例2】【2019·浙江卷】But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer _ this question is not clear.【例3】【2019·北京卷】First celebrated_ 1970，the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地区).【例4】2018·全国卷 I was searching _67_ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.【例5】山东省师大附中2019届高三上学期第二次模拟考试From her earnings she was able to help her sister Bronia study _46_ Paris, on the understanding that Bronia would, in turn, later help her to get an education.规律方法3：如何判断空格处应填介词？（1）无提示词：注意搭配问题。（2）与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等。（3）与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语。【变式精练】1.【安徽省芜湖市2019-2020学年高三上学期教学质量检测】My suggestion is that a notebook kept and a Chinese - English dictionary be 48 our reach.2. 【2020届四川省攀枝花市高三第二次统一考试】Having Ricochet around lifts her spirits, and inspires her to conquer her pain to get on the board. “Ricochet has taught me to focus 45 what I can do, rather than what I cant,” she said.3. （广东省中山一中、仲元中学等七校2019届高三第二次联考）They are faster and more accurate than human workers and never ask _42_ a pay rise or take breaks! Robots are also able to work in dangerous situations.考点二 连接词【例1】（2019·新课标I卷）While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence _ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.【例2】【2019·北京卷】What students do at college seems to matter much more than _ they go.【例3】【2019·新课标III卷】They were well trained by their masters _ had great experience with caring for these animals.【例4】【2019·浙江卷】On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth _gives off light in the dark.【例5】【2019·北京卷】The students benefitting most from college are those _ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.【例6】【2018·全国III】I'm not sure _61_ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere.【例7】The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when the government started a soil-testing program _69_ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide.（2018·新课标）【例8】Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014_66_showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.（2018·新课标）【例9】Many westerners _57_ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.（2018·浙江卷）规律方法4：如何判断空格处应填连接词？(1) 并列连词：如果空格在两个或几个单词或短语之间，那么就可能填连词。(2) 主从复合句的连接词：如果两个句子之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，那么一定是填引导从句的连接词。【变式精练】1.【2020届安徽省皖南八校高三上学期第二次联考】The restaurant 50I once worked will be remembered by me forever.2.（2020云南省大理、丽江、怒江高三第二次复习检测）He added that, ''It would be a tragedy 50 these exceptional old artworks should disappear in our own lifetime, but it is happening. ''3.【2020届湖北省华大新高考联盟高三1月教学质量测评】'' What I was worried about was 45 I did not have the slightest idea of how to model. But my manager taught me a lot and those girls helped me with my makeup.4. （安徽省江淮十校2019届高三第二次联考）It is believed that advertising can often be an indicator for _50_society considers to be socially acceptable and desirable at the time. 考点三 时态、语态、语气【例1】（2019全国I卷）In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut _ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing. 【例2】（2019全国III卷）Our hosts shared many of their experiences and _(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. 【例3】（2019全国II卷）Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene _(declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. 【例4】【2018·全国II】Diets have changed in China and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country _61_（grow）more corn than rice.【例5】2018·全国卷 The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when the government _68_ (start) a soil-testing program which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.【例6】2018·全国卷 I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel_65_(challenge).【例7】2018·全国卷 True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal _69_(mean)me no real harm.【例8】 2018·浙江卷6月考 I still remember visiting a friend whod lived here for five years and I _60_(shock) when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time.规律方法5：如何判断空格处应填时态、语态、语气？(1) 寻找关键信息词。题干中的某些关键信息对于解答时态、语态、语气类的题目尤为重要。(2) 利用上下文语境。利用上下文语境是解决时态、语态、语气类题目常用的最有效的方法，(3) 判断是否是客观真理。如果句子所表达的是客观真理、寓言故事、谚语、格言等，通常用一般现在时。【变式精练】1.【2020届安徽省”皖南八校“高三第一次联考】After a casual chat, the artists 43 (invite) to the hall to give us a detailed introduction to Beijing opera.2. 【2020届河北省衡水中学高三下学期一调】The first UN Chinese Language Day at the United Nations 41 (observe)on Friday at UN Headquarters in New York in 2010.3. 【2020届山西省人教新课标高考模拟】Other motivations, including fun, personal growth and feeling like one's work is important, 43(come) from within the person doing the action.4.Looking at some of these early ads _45_ (be) like taking a step back in time to another world. For example, an 1881 advert for French cigarettes _46_ (promise) that its product would “give immediate relief" to a list of medical conditions, including breathing problems.（安徽省江淮十校2019届高三第二次联考）5. Fire ice, both clean and energy-intensive, _44_(consider) the fuel of the future. Many countries, including the United States and Japan, have long been conducting research on fire ice, but extracting（提取）it from the bottom of the sea has been a common problem troubling all of them. （江西省赣州市十四县（市）2019届高三上学期期中联考）考点四 非谓语动词【例1】（2019全国I卷）Modem methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive _ (perform) consistently over a large area. 【例2】 (2019·北京卷)Nervously _ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”.【例3】（2019全国I卷）Scientists have responded by _ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are. 【例4】（2019浙江高考）But some students didn't want _ (wear) the uniform.【例5】（2019全国II卷）A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for _ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. 【例6】（2019全国II卷）When we got a call _ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was a joke. 【例7】2018·全国卷Y