选修八 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 2021届高考英语一轮复习能力提升题.docx

选修八 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 能力提升一、阅读理解 AIn what's believed to be a first London's Imperial College Business School is using holographic technology (全息技术) to present lectures to students. From California a product manager was beamed onto a stage like magic. The head of Imperial's Edtech Lab says, this presents a window to the world. Through holograms (全息图)we can bring in lectures from across the globe, and they can appear in front of our students in a realistic manner. That's the key.The developer of the technique explains how it works.“We're presenting a 2D image as a 3D image, and the iris (虹膜) is flat so we see everything in 2D. Our brain changes it to 3D. We're doing exactly the same trick. We're presenting a 2D image but with depth of field and a really good vision. My brain just changes it to a 3D image.” Attendees say there are many ways this tool can help educators and students.The second thing we could do with that is having CEOs coming to the classroom, and engaging with students. And the third way probably is maybe to have Albert Einstein coming to the classroom. There might be a long wait for that. Meanwhile，a master's student Josephine Collins says she prefers the interaction a hologram lecture offers compared to those presented online.I wouldn't mind it. I think it's very interesting if we can have access to different lectures and different things like guest speakers. That's something I would definitely enjoy. Developers say the cost of holographic technology has dropped considerably since the days it was used mostly in big­budget music shows making it possible for educational institutions to afford it.1. According to this text, holographic technology mainly benefits _. A. health care B. filmC. education D. agriculture 2. How does holographic technology work?A. Our sight upgrades a 2D image to a 3D image.B. Our brain transforms a 2D image into a 3D image.C. The developer presents the lectures online.D. The iris is so flat that we see images in 2D.3. Compared to the lectures presented online, a hologram lecture_. A. brings Albert Einstein back to lifeB. allows the lecturer to interact better with studentsC. is more money­saving for educational institutionsD. is more available whenever and wherever you are4. What is the author's attitude towards holographic technology?A. Ignoring. B. Compromising.C. Approving. D. Disagreeing.【主题语境】人与社会【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了全息技术在教育方面的应用。【答案解析】1. C细节理解题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是全息技术对教育事业的益处。2. B细节理解题。根据第二段可知，我们的大脑将2D图像转换成3D图像。3. B细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句 she prefers the interaction a hologram lecture offers compared to those presented online.可知，全息技术将演讲者投影在学生的面前，演讲者能与学生更好地交流互动。 4. C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的I think it's very interesting以及That's something I would definitely enjoy.可推知，作者对于这个能造福教育事业的全息技术是支持的。B(湖北宜昌市部分示范高中教学协作体2020届高三上期中联考) It might sound like a terrible dream, but a new design from Dubai­based airline Emirates plans to remove windows from airplanes. Instead of real­life views of clouds and sky, first­class passengers will look out of “virtual (虚拟的) windows，” enjoying projected views of the world passing by. Emirates' “windows” use real­time high­tech camera technology to provide virtual views of the outside world.Saj Ahmad, chief analyst at StrategicAero Research says, “Windowless airplanes sound great, however, in reality, it won't happen for a number of reasons. For starters, in the event of an emergency, people in the plane often need to look out for reference points. Having visual awareness(视觉意识)is important and in a windowless jet, they don't existespecially if there is an electrical fault which then means that the electric' windows do not work and you can't see outside.”Ahmad was also concerned about passenger comfort. “Passengers simply do love the natural view outside，” he says. “There are also other problemsthe change involved would certainly require new tests.”Other futuristic airplane designs are going the opposite way. Boeing's Dreamlinerits most modern designfeatures large windows. Airbus has also designed a plane with transparent (透明的) walls that is presented at the 2011 Paris Air Show. Embraer has planned the Kyoto cabin, designed for its Lineage 1000E aircraft, which features large windows running along the majority of the walls of the cabin.There could also be a move towards pilotless planes in the futurebut Ahmad applies his doubts about windowless planes to drone­flown (无人驾驶的) planes too.“The idea of windowless planes is possiblethat doesn't mean it will happen，” says Ahmad. “The same applies to drone technologybut that doesn't mean that tomorrow we're suddenly going to see all airplanes being flown without pilots.”5. What will Emirates' new planes be like?A. They will be pilotless.B. They will have open windows.C. They will present outside views on virtual windows.D. They will provide all passengers with windowless experiences.6. What does Saj Ahmad think of the virtual windows?A. Useful.B. Expensive.C. Impractical. D. Comfortable.7. How is the third paragraph developed?A. By giving examples.B. By making comparisons.C. By following space order.D. By explaining cause and effect.8. What is the future of drone technology according to Saj Ahmad?A. It needs more skilled engineers.B. It will take time to develop.C. It will be widely applied.D. It is promising.【主题语境】人与社会【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了阿联酋航空公司计划推出头等舱配备虚拟窗户的客机以及专家对此的分析和看法。【答案解析】5. C细节理解题。根据第一段中的Emirates' “windows” use real­time high­tech camera technology to provide virtual views of the outside world.可知，该航空公司的新飞机将会把飞机外部的实时景色展现在虚拟窗户上。6. C推理判断题。根据第二段中的Windowless airplanes sound great，however, in reality, it won't happen for a number of reasons.可知， Saj Ahmad认为虚拟窗户不切实际。7. A推理判断题。第三段介绍了几家航空公司在飞机上设计大窗户，故本段是通过举例的方法来展开的。8. B推理判断题。根据末段中的The same applies to drone technologybut that doesn't mean that tomorrow we're suddenly going to see all airplanes being flown without pilots.可知，无人机还需要更多时间发展。二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Technology is amazing when it keeps people connected but it comes at a price. Staring down at your phone or computer for long periods of time _9_ (put) great tension on your neck. You might feel pain in your neck and shoulders. When _10_ (leave) untreated, the pain leads to what is called “tech neck”_11_ (fortunate), there are a few simple steps to help you. To begin with, limit the amount of time you spend on your phone or computer. Develop the habit of taking _12_ three­minute break every 1520 minutes when you use your phone or computer. Do neck exercises meanwhile. It is equally important to use proper _13_ (equip) for computer work. Having an adjustable chair is _14_ (benefit). It helps you maintain a good posture and provides adequate support for your neck while you are sitting. It is also recommended _15_ you buy neck support pillows and neck collars. They may help relieve your pain and allow your neck _16_ (recover) slowly over time.If your tech neck problems keep worsening, then it is time to seek help _17_ a qualified health professional. As a general rule, the _18_ (soon) you seek treatment, the more likely it is that you will succeed in treating the problem.【主题语境】人与社会【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几种帮助治疗颈椎病的方法。【答案解析】9. puts考查动词时态及主谓一致。此处讲述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；动词­ing形式短语作主语，谓语动词用单数，故填puts。10. left考查非谓语动词。此处是when引导状语从句的省略。从句主语the pain与leave是被动关系，应用被动语态is left;当主从句的主语相同且从句谓语部分含有be动词，从句可省略主语和be动词。11. Fortunately考查副词。作状语修饰整个句子用副词。12. a考查冠词。take a break是固定搭配，意为“休息一会”。13. equipment考查名词。被形容词修饰，作动词use的宾语，用名词。14. beneficial考查形容词。句意：有一把可调节的座椅是有益处的。be动词之后用形容词作表语，构成系表结构。15. that考查名词性从句。it用作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，即主语从句。16. to recover考查非谓语动词。allow sb./sth. to do sth. 为固定用法，意为“允许做某事”，故填to recover。17. from考查介词。seek help from sb.为固定搭配，意为“向某人寻求帮助”。18. sooner考查副词比较级。本句为句型“the比较级，the 比较级”，表示“越就越”。三、短文改错(东北三省三校2020届高三第一次联合模拟考试) It is the common phenomenon that people, included the elderly people and some young people, will gather in the dancing square late in the evening. This is linking to the fact that people's physical and mental life develop rapid. When it comes to square dancing, it universally acknowledged that it makes a great different to people's life. For example, not only did dancing promote people's relationship, but also it makes contributions to people's health. However, dancing also has some problem of its own. When being dancing, women play loud music unconsciously, what gives rise to dissatisfaction.【答案解析】第一处：把common前的the改为a。考查冠词。phenomenon为可数名词，此处指一种普遍现象，且common首字母发辅音音素，故用不定冠词a修饰。第二处： 把included改为including。 考查介词。此处指包括老年人和一些年轻人，用介词including；included常作后置定语。第三处：把linking改为linked。考查固定搭配。be linked to意为“与有关联”，为固定用法。第四处：把rapid改为rapidly。考查副词。修饰动词用副词。第五处：在universally前加is。考查动词语态。It is universally acknowledged that意为“普遍认为”，为固定用法。第六处：把different改为difference。考查名词。make a difference意为“有影响；有作用”，为固定表达。第七处：把did改为does。考查动词时态。描述一般的事实情况用一般现在时。第八处：把problem改为problems。考查名词复数。problem为可数名词，前面有some修饰，故用复数形式。第九处：删除being。考查非谓语动词。此处为状语从句的省略，相当于when women are dancing, 故being多余。第十处：把what改为which。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词loud music指物，故用which来引导。