专题07阅读理解之新闻报道类--备战2021届高考英语二轮复习题型专练（通用版）【解析版】.doc

专题07 新闻报道类序号内容Part 1题型总览题型综述 技巧点拨 读相关词Part 2真题感悟真题详解 强重难词 析长难句.Part 3专题强化真题自测 新题模拟Part 1题型总览【题型综述】在信息时代的今天，我们必须关注国内外的重要事件。因而时文报道类(也称新闻报道类)文章也是阅读理解中必不可少的。时文报道类文章一般以记叙文为主。文章的特点是用非常简练的语言清楚地向读者阐述一件事。这类文章的写作思路往往是这样的：简述某个事件(何时、何地、何人、何事、结果)具体描述该事件(细节内容)作者或其他人的看法和评价。不过，在表达方式上，作者会运用各种表达方式，如倒叙、插叙等，思维的跳跃性较大。【技巧点拨】在做题时，既要重视时文类的标题和导语，也要重视每个段落的衔接。另外，这种文章中往往出现大量的陌生的人名或地名，在阅读时，要学会排除干扰。【读相关词】1. journalist n记者，新闻工作者2. publish vt. 出版；发行3. professional adj. 专业的4. approve vt. 赞成，批准5. statement n. 声明，陈述6. announce v. 宣布；宣告7. witness v. 见证；目击8. comment vt.&n. 评论9. the media 新闻界10. news summary 新闻摘要11. news release 新闻发布12. press conference 记者招待会13. reliable source 可靠新闻来源14. anecdote n. 趣闻轶事15. body n. 新闻正文16. brief n. 简讯17. column n专栏；栏目18. contributor n投稿人19. cover vt采访;采写20. daily n日报21. deadline n截稿时间22. digest n文摘23. feedback n信息反馈24. folo (=follow-up) n连续报道25. headline n新闻标题；内容提要26. highlights n. 要闻27. journaslism n新闻业;新闻学28. mass media 大众传播媒介29. press n报界；新闻界30. article n. 文章31. photophotograph n. 照片32. title n. 标题，题目33. report n& vt. 报道，报告34. feature n. 特写，花絮35. criticism n. 评论36. current affairs 时事37. announcer n. 播音员38. columnist n. 专栏作家39. editor n. 编辑40. producer n. 制作人41. publisher n. 发行人42. update vt. 更新；校正43. expose vt. 揭露44. advertise vt. 做广告45. advertising signs 广告牌46. advertise for sth. 登广告征求/寻找47. arouse wide public concern/draw wide public attention引起广泛的公众关注48. arrange an interview 安排采访49. cover an event 报道事件Part 2真题感悟Passage 1【真题详解】【2020·全国新高考II山东卷】According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份), it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly(表面上)participate in a study about movie viewership. Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her natural state, the actor weighed 105 pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have. However, they took significantly more when the actor was thin.For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case, she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we're making decisions. If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I. Call it the “Ill have what she's having” effect. However, we'll adjust the influence. If an overweight person is having a large portion, I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, I'll follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why can't I?12What is the recent study mainly about?AFood safety.BMovie viewership.CConsumer demand.DEating behavior.13What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in paragraph 1 refer to?ABig eaters.BOverweight persons.CPicky eaters.DTall thin persons.14Why did the researchers hire the actor?ATo see how she would affect the participants.BTo test if the participants could recognize her.CTo find out what she would do in the two tests.DTo study why she could keep her weight down.15On what basis do we “adjust the influence” according to the last paragraph?AHow hungry we are.BHow slim we want to be.CHow we perceive others.DHow we feel about the food.【答案】12D13D14A15C【解析】本文是说明文。最近的研究表明：我们的饮食伙伴的大小和消费习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量。文章详述了这个实验的过程。12细节理解题。根据第一段中的“According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake”可知，根据消费者研究杂志最近的一项研究，我们的饮食伙伴的大小和消费习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量。因此这项研究是关于饮食行为的。故选D。13词义猜测题。根据前半句“And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions（份）”可知，现有的研究认为：你应该避免和体重较重、点大份饭菜的人一起吃饭。后半句认为，你真正应该避免的是the beanpoles with big appetites。由contrary to可推断出，画线词和heavier people（超重的人）相反，结合选项，D选项（瘦瘦高高的人）正好和heavier people正好相反。故选D。14推理判断题。根据第二段的“To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments”可知， 为了测试社会影响对饮食习惯的影响，研究人员进行了两个实验。根据倒数第三段的内容可知，在两个实验中，胖的和瘦的演员都吃了大量的食物。参与者也照做，吃的食物比平常多。 然而，当演员是瘦的时候，参与者们服用的食物更多。由此推断，研究人员雇用演员是为了看看她如何影响参与者。故选A。15推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If an overweight person is having a large portion, Ill hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, Ill follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why cant I? ”可知，如果一个超重的人吃很大一份，我会忍住一点，因为我看到了他饮食习惯的结果。但如果一个瘦的人吃很多，我会跟着做。如果他吃得多保持苗条，为什么我不能呢？ 因此推断我们是根据我们对他人的看法（即：如何看待他人）来调整影响的。故选C。【强重难词】1. appetite n. 食欲；嗜好2. undergraduate n. 大学本科生；大学肄业生adj. 大学本科生的；大学肄业生的3. individually adv. 个别地，单独地4. participate in参加；参与5. viewership n. （电视节目的）观众；收视率6. version n. 版本；译文；倒转术7. significantly adv. 显著地；相当数量地8. influential adj. 有影响的；有势力的9. a large portion,一大份10. consumption habits 消费习惯 11. contrary to 与相反【析长难句】1. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.【解析】本句中的which increased her weight to 180 pounds.是定语从句，修饰前面的先行词fat suit。【译文】但在一半的案例中，她穿了一套特别设计的肥胖套装，使她的体重增加到180磅。【仿写】_2. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份), it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.【解析】本句是个主从复合句。其中contrary to短语做状语，that引导同位语从句；say后面是省略了引导词that的宾语从句，宾语从句中又包含一个who引导的定语从句，这个定语从句修饰heavier people。【译文】现有的研究表明，你应该避免和点大份量饭的大胖子一起吃饭，相反，你真正需要避免的是与食量大的却又高又瘦的人一起吃饭。【仿写】_3. The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we're making decisions.【解析】本句中的that the social environment is extremely influential是宾语从句，when引导的是时间状语从句。【译文】测试表明，社会环境对我们做决定的影响非常大。【仿写】_Passage 2【真题详解】【2019浙江卷】Money with no strings attached. Its not something you see every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read, “Give What You Can, Take What You Need.”People quickly caught on. And while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash to the board. “People of all ages, races, and socio-economic(社会经济的) backgrounds gave and took,” said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which created the project. “We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars.” Most of the bills on the board were singles, but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. The video clip(片段) shows one man who had found a $ 20 bill pinning it to the board.“What I can say for the folks that gave the most, is that they were full of smiles,” Bridges said. “Theres a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most.” Most people who took dollars took only a few, but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy. He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.“After all, everyone has bad days and good days,” he said. “Some days you need a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand.”21What does the expression “money with no strings attached” in paragraph 1 mean?AMoney spent without hesitation.BMoney not legally made.CMoney offered without conditions.DMoney not tied together.22What did Bridges want to show by mentioning the bride?AWomen tended to be more sociable.BThe activity attracted various people.CEconomic problems were getting worse.DYoung couples needed financial assistance.23Why did Bridges carry out the project?ATo do a test on peoples morals.BTo raise money for his company.CTo earn himself a good reputation.DTo promote kindness and sympathy.21C22B23D【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了上个月在洛杉矶的联合车站，一块牌子上用别针别满了美元，上面写着“给予你所能给与的，拿走你所需要的”。这样的活动吸引了各种各样的人，组织者希望通过这样的活动来提倡仁慈和同情。21词义猜测题。根据第一段中But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read, “Give What You Can, Take What You Need.”可知，但是上个月在洛杉矶的联合车站，一块牌子上用别针别满了美元，上面写着“给予你所能给与的，拿走你所需要的”。所以通过下文的语境，判断出第1段中的money with no strings attached是“无条件提供的钱”的意思。故C项正确。22推理判断题。根据第二段照片没给“People of all ages, races, and socio-economic(社会经济的) backgrounds gave and took,” said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which created the project. “We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars.”可知，发起该项活动的泰勒·布里奇斯说：“所有年龄、种族和社会经济背景的人都会付出和索取。”甚至有一位穿着婚纱的新娘来到了牌子前，拿走了一些钱。所以泰勒·布里奇斯提到新娘是想说明这项活动吸引了各种各样的人。故B项正确。23细节理解题。根据倒数第二段While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy.可知，尽管这段视频看起来像是一项新的广告活动的一部分，但是布里奇斯说这次活动唯一的目标是表现出慷慨和同情。所以布里奇斯开展这个活动是为了提倡仁慈和同情。故D项正确。【强重难词】1. string n. 线，弦，细绳；一串，一行2. be attached to喜爱；附属于3. socio-economic adj. 社会经济的4. come up to v. 达到；等于5. apparent adj. 显然的；表面上的6. campaign n. 运动；活动；战役，军事行动；竞选7. show generosity and sympathy表现出慷慨和同情8. give the helping hand. 伸出援助之手【析长难句】1. What I can say for the folks that gave the most, is that they were full of smiles,【解析】句中的What I can引导主语从句，其中又含有一个that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the folks；整个句子是主系表结构，that they were full of smiles是个表语从句。【译文】对于那些付出最多的人，我能说的是，他们充满了微笑。【仿写】_2. He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.【解析】句中的that he hopes people in other cities是宾语从句，其中and连接的try similar projects. 和post their own videos是两个并列的谓语。【译文】他补充说，他希望其他城市的人们也可以尝试类似的项目，并将自己的视频发布到互联网上。【仿写】_3. Theres a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most.【解析】本句是个复合句，a certain feeling 后面的that giving can do for you 和that was apparent in those that gave the most是两个并列的同位语从句，其中that gave the most又是一个定语从句，修饰前面的先行词those。【译文】有一种感觉，付出可以为你带来好处，这在那些付出最多的人身上表现得很明显。【仿写】_Part 3专题强化Passage 1【真题自测】【2020·全国卷3】When "Rise of the Planet of the Apes" was first shown to the public last month, a group of excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard. But they werent there to throw red paint on fur-coat-wearing film stars. Instead, one activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: "Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!"The creative team behind "Apes" used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that I records an actors performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image (图像). In this case, one of a realistic-looking ape.Yet "Apes" is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment or animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions this year. Already, a number of films, including "Water for Elephants," "The Hangover Part " and "Zookeeper," have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them havent been treated properly.In some cases, its not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has activists worried; its the off-set training and living conditions that are raising concerns. And there are questions about the films made outside the States, which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the Sates.24. Why did the animal activists gather on Hollywood Boulevard?A. To see famous film stars.B. To oppose wearing fur coats.C. To raise money for animal protection.D. To express thanks to some filmmakers.25. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A. The cost of making "Apes."B. The creation of digitalized apes.C. The publicity about “Apes."D. The performance of real apes.26. What does the underlined phrase "keeping tabs on" in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Listing completely.B. Directing professionally.C. Promoting successfully.D. Watching carefully.27. What can we infer from the last paragraph about animal actors?A. They may be badly treated.B. They should take further training.C. They could be traded illegallyD. They would lose popularity.【答案】24.D25.B26.D27.A【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了电影“猩球崛起”上个月首次与公众见面。动物爱好者聚集在好莱坞前，感谢电影制作者，在电影拍摄时，没有使用真的类人猿。现在的动物拍摄使用的是数字化人猿的创造技术，而一些电影的拍摄却存在着虐待动物的现象，这让一个非盈利的组织密切关注此事。但有些拍摄也是不能够被监测到的。24.细节理解题。根据第一段“Instead, one activist ,dressed in a full -body monkey suit ,had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers:“Thanks for not using real apes”可知，相反，一名身穿全套猴服的活动人士来到现场，手里拿着一块牌子，称赞电影制作人:“感谢你们不用真正的猿猴。所以动物保护者聚集在好莱坞大道是为了向电影制作者表示感谢。故选D项。25.主旨大意题。根据第二段“The creative team behind "Apes" used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that I records an actors performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image (图像). ”可知，“人猿”背后的创作团队利用动作捕捉技术创造数字化的动物，在记录演员表演的技术上，花费数千万美元，然后用电脑图形处理，以产生最终的影像。由此可知，第二段主要是关于数字化人猿的创造。故选B项。26.词句猜测题。根据第三段划线