专题13 冠词 第13讲 -冠词---2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（新教材新高考）（练）（教师版）.docx

第13讲 冠词(练)时间 ：50分钟 满分：50分姓名_ 得数_.单句语法填空（每个1分，共25分）1.【浙江杭州高级中学2020届高三上学期期末】I knew _ student in a previous school who used to go out and swing in a park between lessons. 【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。我认识以前学校的一个学生，他经常在课间到公园里去荡秋千。此处student是首次出现，所以应是泛指，用不定冠词a。故填a。2.【安徽省皖南八校2021届高三第一次联考】After the Xinhai Revolution in 1911, Sun Yat-sen was sworn in at the former Governor-Generals palace, which is now the “Presidential Palace,” as the provisional President of the Republic of China. He kept offices here for _while.【答案】 a【解析】考查固定短语。他曾暂时在这里办过公。for a while“暂时”，是固定短语，故填a。3. 【吉林省吉林市2021届高三上学期第一次调研考试】After returning home, Li opened _ online shop to sell mostly food products. 【答案】an【解析】考查冠词。句意：回家后，李开了一家网店，主要销售食品。分析句子可知，句中泛指开了“一家”网店，故应用不定冠词修饰，online音标第一个音素为元音音素，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。4.【江苏省2020-2021学年百校联考高三第二次考试】But _ results support existing healthy eating advice to limit red and processed meat, and to eat plenty of vegetables, fruit and other protein sources such as nuts and legumes （豆类）.【答案】the【解析】查冠词。句意：但研究结果支持了现有的健康饮食建议，即限制红肉和加工肉类，多吃蔬菜、水果和其他蛋白质来源，如坚果和豆类。这里的the results特指这次实验的结果，需用定冠词the修饰。故填the。5.【江苏省南京29中、南菁中学等四校2021届高三12月联考】The expression “a blue moon” has come to refer to _ second full moon occurring in any given calendar month.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。句意：“蓝月亮”一词指的是在任何一个特定的日历月中发生的第二次满月。由句意及second可知此处表示“第二次”，序数词表示顺序时前面应用定冠词修饰，故填the。6. 【江苏省南京市六校联合体2021届高三上学期联考】A student, Tom, told the BBC that to him, a gap year was _ alien concept. He said “it would have been far too expensive and it's not something that I would have been able to rely on my parents or family members for.”【答案】an【解析】考查冠词。句意：一位名叫汤姆的学生告诉BBC，对他来说，空档年是一个“陌生的概念”。concept是可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且alien是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。7. 【江苏省天一中学、南京师范大学附属中学、海安中学2021届高三12月联考】A company in Yancheng, Jiangsu province reportedly introduced an internal document requiring all employees to stop using iPhones, and those who switched to Huawei would get _bonus.【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。句意：据报道，江苏盐城的一家公司发布了一份内部文件，要求所有员工停止使用iphone，转而使用华为的员工将获得奖金。bonus为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且bonus是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。8.【江苏省扬州市2020-2021学年高三上学期期末考试适应性练习】After some research, the headmistress, Rosie McColl, said she discovered a swing would be beneficial. She said, “I knew 58 student in a previous school who used to go out and swing in a park between lessons. Currently, what we are doing is bringing the swing into the school to help build a culture. This leads to better results for students in terms of both their wellbeing and academic achievement.”【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。句意：她说:“我认识以前学校的一个学生，他经常在课间到公园里去荡秋千。此处student是首次出现，所以应是泛指，用不定冠词a。故填a。9.Janes grandmother had wanted to write childrens book for many years, but one thing or another always got in way. 【答案】a; the【解析】考查冠词。句意:多年来,简的奶奶一直想写一本儿童书籍,但总是被这样或那样的事情阻碍。第一空泛指一本儿童书籍,且children读音以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a;第二空get in the way是固定搭配,意为“挡道,阻碍”。10.To her amazement, her son was grateful for her willingness to call and offered apology of his own. 【答案】an【解析】考查冠词。此处空格后面的apology读音以元音音素开头,根据语境可知,此处表示“向她给予他个人的道歉”,故用an。11.University is most worthwhile time of discovery and learning, and it is also very enjoyable and valuable experience for every one of us. 【答案】a; a【解析】考查冠词。句意:大学是一段探索和学习的非常有价值的时光,而且对于我们每个人来说也是一次很快乐、很有价值的经历。第一空比较特殊,语境中没有明确的范围,故不用最高级,此处most意为“很,非常”;experience意为“经历”时是可数名词,在这里是泛指,所以前面需要用不定冠词。 12.Every one of us gets so used to punctuation marks that not many of us give them second thought.  【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。序数词前一般要用the,表示“第几”的概念,而此处表示“又一”的概念,故用不定冠词a。13. Its not only _ great responsibility but _ great honor for a city to be chosen to host the Olympic Games.【答案】 a；a【解析】考查冠词。对一个城市而言，能被选上举办奥运会，不仅是一份责任也是一种荣幸。responsibility “责任”，是可数名词，根据Its可知句中用的单数形式，所以前面要用不定冠词a；honor “使感到光荣的事或人，荣幸”，是可数名词，前面有great修饰，前面要使用不定冠词a。故填a；a。14.The “Chinese Dream” is dream to improve peoples well-being and dream of harmony, peace and development. 【答案】a; a【解析】考查冠词。句意:“中国梦”是一个增强人们幸福感的梦,是一个和谐、和平和发展的梦。to improve peoples well-being和of harmony, peace and development是后置定语,修饰dream。冠词a用在dream前,说明是“一个的梦”。15. She has basic knowledge of computers, which gives her some advantages in job-hunting. 【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。knowledge本是不可数名词,而此处被形容词修饰,是抽象名词具体化,故用不定冠词a修饰。aknowledge of表示“对有了解”。16. Do you like cheese? If so, when you stay with _ French host family, be sure to spare some space in your stomach for the dessert.【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。如果是这样的话，当你住在法国主人家时，一定要在肚子里留点地方吃甜点。设空处用来修饰family，表示泛指，应用不定冠词。故填a。17. I knew _ student in a previous school who used to go out and swing in a park between lessons. 【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。我认识以前学校的一个学生，他经常在课间到公园里去荡秋千。此处student是首次出现，所以应是泛指，用不定冠词a。故填a。18.After the Xinhai Revolution in 1911, Sun Yat-sen was sworn in at the former Governor-Generals palace, which is now the “Presidential Palace,” as the provisional President of the Republic of China. He kept offices here for _while.【答案】 a【解析】考查固定短语。他曾暂时在这里办过公。for a while“暂时”，是固定短语，故填a。19. After returning home, Li opened _ online shop to sell mostly food products. 【答案】an【解析】考查冠词。句意：回家后，李开了一家网店，主要销售食品。句中泛指开了“一家”网店，故应用不定冠词修饰，online音标第一个音素为元音音素，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。20. My aunt Carmeleta was _wife of my mothers youngest brother Fred.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。句意：我的舅妈Carmeleta是我妈妈最小的弟弟Fred的妻子。wife此处特指“我妈妈最小的弟弟Fred的妻子”，前面应用定冠词。故填the。21. We can never expect _bluer sky unless we create _less polluted world.【答案】a； a【解析】考查冠词。除非我们创造一个污染更少的世界，否则我们永远无法期待一个更蓝的天空。sky前有形容词比较级bluer修饰，world前有形容词比较级less polluted修饰，因此其前要用不定冠词，表示“一个更蓝的天空”“一个污染更少的世界”，故填a； a。22.boy in a black hat is my brother. He often playschess with my friends. 【答案】The; /【解析】考查冠词。句意:戴着黑帽子的那个男孩是我的弟弟。他常常和我的朋友们下棋。第一空表示特指用the;play chess表示“下棋”,不加冠词。23.The teacher praised me for progress Id made, which was great encouragement to me. 【答案】the; a【解析】考查冠词。句意:老师因为我取得的进步而表扬我,这对我是一个很大的鼓励。progress后有定语从句修饰,意为“我取得的进步”,为特指;a great encouragement意为“鼓励;起激励作用的事物”,此处encouragement为可数名词。24. My parents approached the site, which was still wet from _heavy rain.【答案】 a【解析】考查冠词。我的父母来到了工地，那里被大雨淋得湿漉漉的。rain是物质名词，前面不用冠词，即使使用冠词也应用the，但这里rain前有形容词heavy修饰，因此rain就具体化了，表示“一场大雨”要用不定冠词，设空处后的heavy是以辅音音素开头的，故填a。25.Developing sense of humour is part of becoming a mature, emotionally healthy individual.【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。a sense of humour 是固定短语,意为“幽默感”。类似短语有a sense of direction, a sense of duty等。.单项选择（每个1分，共15分）1.【2016·浙江】2._prize for the winner of the competition is _two-week holiday in Paris.A. The ; 不填 B. A ; 不填 C. A ; the D. The ; a【答案】D【解析】句意：这个比赛获胜者的奖品是一个巴黎的两个星期的假期。第一空填the，是特指“获胜者的奖品”，用定冠词，第二空是泛指“一个两周的假期”，用不定冠词a。故选A。2【2015·四川卷】 Brian is gifted in writing music； he is very likely to be _ Beethoven.A a B an C the D不填【答案】A【解析】此处表示“下一个贝多芬”，应使用不定冠词。句意：布赖恩在谱曲上有天赋，他很可能成为下一个贝多芬。3. 【2015·陕西卷】_more learned a man is，_ more modest he usually becomes.A. The; the B. A; a C. The; a D. A; the 【答案】A【解析】此处冠词构成“the 比较级， the 比较级”句型，表示“越就越”。故选A。句意：一个人学的东西越多，他就会越谦虚。4【2015·浙江卷】 Jane's grandmother had wanted to write _ children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got in _ way.A. a; / B. the; theC. /; the D. a; the【答案】D【解析】句意：简的奶奶很多年来一直想写一本(关于)孩子的书，但总是被这事或那事耽搁了。第一空a children's book中的a表示“一本”，所以用不定冠词a；而第二空涉及的in the way是固定用法，表示“挡道，阻碍”，所以用定冠词the。综合以上内容可知选D项。本题的第一空有些考生可能会错选the，认为是特定情况，但要注意the表示确切的某地或某时的状况，而此处没有限定children's book的相关信息。5. 【2015·重庆卷】I just heard_ bank where Dora works was robbed by_ gunman wearing a mask. A. the; /B. a; /C. the; aD. a; the【答案】C 【解析】考查冠词。句意：我刚刚听说朵拉工作的那家银行被一个带面具的持枪人给抢劫。第一个空表示朵拉工作的那家银行，可知表示特指，用the；第二空表示一个带面具的持枪人表示泛指，用a。 6（2021·黑龙江佳木斯市·佳木斯一中）All these changes will lead to _stronger and more powerful China, _country that can surprise and enrich our planet.Aa; aBa; theCthe; aDthe; the【答案】A【解析】考查冠词。句意：这些变化将导致一个更强大、更有力的中国，一个能够给我们的星球带来惊喜和丰富的国家。根据句意可知，第一空泛指“一个更强大、更有力的中国”，应用不定冠词；第二空是China的同位语，泛指“一个的国家”，也应用不定冠词。故选A。7（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市·哈尔滨三中）The two rooms are of _ size, but another room is three times _ size of them.Athe; aBa; theCa; aDthe; the【答案】B【解析】考查冠词。句意：这两个房间大小相同，但另一个房间是它们的三倍大。第一空处使用固定搭配， “Sb./Sth. be of +a +表示种类、数量、度量等的抽象名词”表示（人或物）“具有某种共同特征”，该名词前常用不定冠词修饰；第二空处使用固定句型“A + be +倍数 + the + 表示度量等的抽象名词+ of+ B”，用来表示“A是B的倍”，该句型中在名词前常用定冠词the。综上，故选B。8（2021·云南高三学业考试）What _ pity that you couldnt be there to receive _ prize.Athe; aBa; theCa; aDa; /【答案】B【解析】考查冠词。句意：你没能到那儿领奖，真遗憾。空格一涉及固定句型“What a pity +that从句”，意为“真遗憾”，故空格一应填不定冠词a。根据句意可知，空格二特指“你应该领取的奖品”，故空格二应填定冠词the，表示特指。故选B项。9（2021·黑龙江牡丹江一中高三期末）The student, who gave his life to save a child, was _ honor to our school. A memorial is held here every year in _ honor of him.Aan; theBan; /Cthe; theDa;/【答案】B【解析】考查冠词。句意：那个为了救一个孩子而献出生命的学生，是我们学校的光荣。这里每年都会举行追悼会纪念他。固定短语 in honor of，意为“为了纪念.”，所以第二空不用冠词。据此可排除选项A、选项C；另honor为元音开头，所以第一空要用an；表示“一个(件)引以为荣的(事/人)”。故选B。10（2021·天津市天津中学高三月考）The Smiths dont usually like staying at hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by _ sea.A/; aBthe; theC/; theDthe; a【答案】C【解析】考查冠词。句意：Smith一家人通常不爱呆在旅馆里，可是去年夏天他们在海边的一个很舒适的旅馆里度过几天。第一空表旅馆类别，用名词复数（零冠词）；第二空指“在海边”，属特指，用the。故选C。11（2021·天津河西区·高三三模）The driver was at _ loss when _word came that he was forbidden to drive for speeding.Aa; /Ba; theCthe; theD/; /【答案】A【解析】考查冠词。句意：当他因为超速被禁止驾驶这样的消息来的时候，司机不知所措。固定搭配：at a loss“困惑，不知所措”。句中word的意思是“消息”，此时word用作不可数名词，因此前面不加冠词。故选A。12（2021·天津市实验中学滨海学校高三其他模拟）The education of _young is always _ hot and serious topic in modern society.Athe; /Ba; theC/; theDthe; a【答案】D【解析】考查冠词。句意：青少年教育一直是现代社会的一个热门和严肃的话题。第一空填the，the young指年轻人，第二空填a，a hot and serious topic“一个热门和严肃的问题”。选D。13（2021·福建省武平县第一中学） The “Chinese Dream” is _ dream to improve people's wellbeing and _ dream of harmony, peace and development.Athe; aBa; aCa; theDthe; the【答案】B【解析】考查冠词用法。句意：中国梦是提高人们幸福感的梦想，也是中国和谐，和平和发展的梦想。在此dream都是泛指的，冠词a用在dream前，说明是“一个的梦想”。故选B。14（2021·天津高三一模）- It is reported that there is_big breakthrough in the cancer treatment.-If only my son could be brought back to _life.Aa; theBthe; theCa; D; a【答案】C【解析】考查冠词。句意：-据报道，在癌症治疗方面有了重大突破。-要是我儿子能活过来就好了。分析题意，breakthrough译为”突破“时，为可数名词。此处需在其前加a / an 表示泛指，big以辅音因素开头，故需用a。bring back to life 译为”使复活 ”，此处为固定短语。故life前用零冠词。综上，故选C项。15（2021·黑龙江实验中学）Although _ motor car has been with us for almost a century, I have never been able to drive _ American one.Athe; anBa; aCa; theDthe; the【答案】A【解析】考查冠词。句意：虽然汽车已经伴随我们将近一个世纪了，但我还从未开过美式汽车。第一空，表示“一类”事物，特指汽车这类交通工具，前面应用定冠词the；第二空，泛指一辆美式汽车，应用不定冠词，且American是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故选A。III高考试题（每个1分，共10分）1. 【2020·浙江卷】This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with 64 rise of science，changes began.【答案】the【解析】考查定冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。with the rise of 译为“随着.的崛起”是固定短语。故填the。2.【2020·全国新课标II】The plum trees are 70_ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指，所以序数词first前要加定冠词the。故填the。3.【2019·浙江卷】Everybody wears_57_ same style of clothes.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与the连用修饰名词。故填the。4. 【2019·新课标II卷】When we got a call saying she was short-listed，we thought it was _69_ joke.【答案】a【解析】a 考查冠词。根据前面We don't have any idea who put grandma forward我们不知道谁提名了祖母，以及she was short-listed接到电话说她入围了，开始我们以为这是一个玩笑，a joke一个玩笑，故填a。5.【2018·全国II】Diets have changed in China and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country has grown more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over _62_ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。句意：玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%，而大米只增长了7%。故是特指在过去的25年里。故填the。6.【2018·全国III】I'm not sure which is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at _62_ top of her lungs.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。此处为固定短语at the top of，此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。7.【2017·全国卷】As 65._ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。固定短语as a result表示“结果是”。结果是，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。故填a。8.【2017·全国卷】This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over _ top.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。此处特指铁轨上方的顶部工程。9.【2017·全国卷】She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh­faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A­level course. But unlike her school friends, 16­year­old Sarah is not spending half­term resting. Instead, she is earning 6，500 a day as 62._ model in New York.【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。根据句意和语境可知，萨拉只是纽约众多模特中的一个，是泛指；而且model的第一个音素是辅音音素，故用不定冠词a。10.【2017·浙江卷6月考】For Pahlsson, its return was 65._ wonder.【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。此处a wonder表示“一个奇迹”，所以需要不定冠词a。