专题10 名词性从句 第10讲 -名词性从句---2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（新教材新高考）（练）（教师版）.docx

第10讲 名词性从句(练)时间 ：50分钟 满分：50分姓名_ 得数_.单句语法填空（每个1分，共15分）1. 2021·八省1月联考I can't guarantee _ would happen to your shop then! 【答案】what【解析】考查宾语从句。我可不能保证到时候你的理发店会发生什么。此处是宾语从句，作guarantee的宾语。这里what在宾语从句中作主语。故填what。2. 2021·北京市通州区高三上学期期末In fact, _ the world looks like is not very clear in many peoples mind.【答案】what【解析】考查名词性从句。事实上，这个世界在很多人的心目中并不是很清楚。此处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，且指物，所以用连接词what。故填what。3. 2021·北京市丰台区高三上学期期末A study published in the journal Current Biology completely has changed _ people used to think.【答案】what【解析】考查宾语从句。发表在当代生物学杂志上的一项研究彻底改变了人们过去的想法。动词change后接宾语从句，缺乏引导词，从句中动词think缺乏宾语，用连接代词what。故填what。42021·北京市昌平区高三上学期期末_ makes this finding unusual is its adorable appearance. The clay pig looks exactly like the green pig from The Angry Birds movie.【答案】What【解析】考查名词性从句。这个发现的不同寻常之处在于它可爱的外表。此处为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，且指物，所以连接词what。故填What。5. 2021·天津市八校高三期中联考To be honest, I am not the person deserving the honor; it should be given to _ we think has made the greatest contribution.【答案】whoever【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。老实说，我不是一个应该得到这个荣誉的人，应该把它送给我们认为作出最大贡献的人。介词to后接宾语从句，而宾语从句 we think has made the greatest contribution其中we think是插入语，可知从句不完整，缺主语成分，意为“无论谁、不管什么人”，用引导词whoever。故填whoever。6. 【2021届江苏省第一次百校联考】Why do squirrels spend their time in trees and chipmunks(花栗鼠) prefer the ground? The answer has a lot to do with 36 chipmunks and squirrels spend their winters.【答案】how【解析】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：答案与花栗鼠和松鼠如何过冬有很大关系。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”应用how。故填how。7. 【江苏省苏州市2021届八校联盟高三第一次适应性检测】The updated information on the Artemis mission renews NASAs promise 38 one of the astronauts will be a woman.【答案】that【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：有关阿尔特弥斯任务的最新信息使美国宇航局再次承诺，其中一名宇航员将是女性。_ one of the astronauts will be a woman是同位语从句，从句句意齐全，不缺成分，应使用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。8【江苏省镇江市四校2021届高三上学期第一次联考】Be sure to be with a strong awareness that you are 59 you eat!【答案】what【解析】考查同位语从句。what：连词，什么。You are what you eat.饮食可以反映出一个人的性格和生活习惯。故填what。9. 【江苏省徐州市（市区部分学校）2021届高三9月学情调研】Though scientists arent sure 43 is causing this change, the publishers of the study think that its connected to rainfall.【答案】what【解析】考查名词从句。分析句子Though scientists arent sure _8_ is causing this change可知，本句中sure后所带的从句中缺少主语。缺少主语要用 what。句意：尽管科学家们不确定是什么造成了这种变化，但研究者认为这与降雨有关。故填what.10【江苏省扬州市扬州中学2021届高三上学期十月月考】These are39she chose to take out. By the 1860s, she may have included scissors, a purse, and a magnifying glass.【答案】what【解析】考查连接词。此处为表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指代物品应用what引导。故填what。11_ left the door unlocked must be responsible for the accident. 【答案】Whoever【解析】考查主语从句。句意：不管是谁没锁门，都必须为这次事故负责任。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“任何人，无论是谁”，应用whoever引导主语从句。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Whoever。12Sometimes, I really doubt _ there is love between my parents. Every day they try to earn money in order to pay the high tuition for my brother. 【答案】whether/if【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：有时候，我真的怀疑我的父母之间是否有爱。为了给我哥哥支付高昂的学费，他们每天都努力赚钱。空处引导宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示“是否”应用whether或if来引导。故填whether/if。13The key to becoming happy is_ you treat your life and work. 【答案】how【解析】考查表语从句。句意：快乐的关键在于你如何对待生活和工作。分析句子结构和句意可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”应用how。故填how。14I really want to know _ you are waiting for at the school gate at present since all the other students have left after school. 【答案】who/whom【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我真的很想知道你现在在学校门口等谁，因为其他的学生都放学走了。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作for的宾语，表示“谁”，可用who/whom来引导该宾语从句。故填who/whom。15_ all of them didnt act on her suggestion made her confused for a long time. 【答案】Why【解析】考查主语从句。句意：为什么他们都不按她的建议行动让她困惑了很久。分析句子结构可知，_ all of them didnt act on her suggestion为主语从句，从句中缺少原因状语从句，表示“为什么”，应用why来引导该主语从句。故填why。.单项选择（每个1分，共25分）1（2021·天津市宁河区芦台第一中学高三其他模拟）_ makes our school famous is _ more than 90% of the students have been admitted to universities.AWhat; thatBWhich; becauseCThat; whatDWhat; because【答案】A【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：使我们学校出名的是，超过90%的学生都被大学录取了。分析可知，句子为“主系表”结构，分别用主语从句和表语从句做相应的句子成分，主语从句中缺主语且表示“什么”的含义，所以用what引导；表语从句中引导词在句中不做任何成分，没有实际意义，所以用that引导。故选A项。2（2021·天津和平区·耀华中学）_ Maya civilization collapsed remains a mystery. The once-great cities fell into ruins.AWhatBWhyCWhetherDThat【答案】B【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：玛雅文明为何崩溃至今仍是个谜。曾经伟大的城市变成了废墟。分析句子结构可知，本句为主语从句，从句缺少原因状语，所以用连接词why引导。故选B。3（2021·天津滨海新区·高三三模）People may think that dinosaurs were big, green with hard skin covering their bodies. But in fact, it seems that dinosaurs appeared very different from_ we think.AwhichBthatCwhoDwhat【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：人们可能认为恐龙体型巨大，呈绿色，身体覆盖着坚硬的皮肤。但事实上，恐龙似乎和我们想象的很不一样。在宾语从句“we think”中缺少think的宾语，且是指对恐龙的想象，所以应用what引导。故选D。4（2021·天津高三二模）Air pollution is a big problem. I wonder _ we can do about it.AwhetherBwhatChowDthat【答案】B【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：空气污染是个大问题。我想知道我们能做些什么。分析句子成分可知，“_ we can do about it”为宾语从句，该从句中缺少动词do的宾语，意为“什么”，所给选项中，“whether(是否)”、“how(如何)”和“that(无意义)”均不能充当此成分，且意思不符，所以排除A、C和D项，故选B。5（2021·天津河西区·高三二模）_ is known to all is that the outstanding academic atmosphere, as well as various festivals and sports, _ many students to our school.AIt： drawBWhich： drawCWhat： drawsDAs： draws【答案】C【解析】考查名词性从句和主谓一致。句意：众所周知，优秀的学术氛围，以及各种节日和体育活动，吸引了很多学生来我们学校。分析句子可知，第一空引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，所以连接词what；as well as 连接两个主语，谓语动词的形式由前一个主语决定，因此draw 的形式是由the outstanding academic atmosphere确定的，结合语境可知，此处为一般现在时，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选C。6（2021·天津高三一模）_ students do at the college matters much more than where they travel.AWhichBWhereCWhatDWhen【答案】C【解析】考查主语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么比他们去哪里旅行更重要。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“什么”应用what引导。故选C。7（2021·天津市滨海新区塘沽第一中学高三开学考试）Believe it or not, your parents have experienced _you have experienced as children and teenagers.AhowBwhichCwhatDthat【答案】C【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：信不信由你，你的父母经历过你童年和青少年时期的经历。分析句子结构，谓语动词have experienced后面为宾语从句，空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，需用连接代词what引导。故选C。8（2021·天津）More than 100 students have entered for the competition, and_ gains the most points will be the winner.AanyoneBthe oneCwhoDwhoever【答案】D【解析】考查主语从句。句意：有100多名学生参加了这次比赛，任何得分最多的人就是获胜者。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“无论谁，任何人”应用whoever。故选D。9（2021·天津一中）Its unwise to leave_ can be lifes most important decisionfuture careerentirely to luck.AwhichBthatCwhatDhow【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：把人生中最重要的决定未来的职业生涯完全留给运气是不明智的。分析句子结构，“_ can be lifes most important decision”位于动词leave后面，为宾语从句，从句缺少主语，需用连接代词what引导。故选C。10（2021·天津河西区·高三一模）Jenny has got_ it takes to be a good actress. In other words, she has the potential to become famous.AwhatBwhenCthatDhow【答案】A【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：珍妮具有一名好演员所需要的品质。换句话说，她有成名的潜力。A.what连接代词，表示“什么”； 在名词性从句中作主语、宾语和表语；B.when 连接副词，表示“什么时候”；在名词性从句中作状语；C.that从属连词，在名词性从句中不作成分； D.how连接副词，表示“如何”。在名词性从句中作状语。分析句子可知，got后面接宾语从句，设空处在从句中作宾语，结合选项，选项A符合题意，故选A。11（2021·天津和平区·高三一模）We've got a couple of participants in the team. The problem is can complete this challenging task.AwhichBwhatCwhoDthat【答案】C【解析】考查表语从句。句意：我们队里有几个人。问题是谁能完成这项具有挑战性的任务。分析句子结构，可知空格位于be 动词之后为表语从句，从句中缺少连接词作主语，此处表示人，用who引导该从句。故选C。12（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市·哈尔滨三中高三期末）High school students will be better aware of _ the real world is like by participating in the community service.AwhereBthatCwhetherDwhat【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：通过参加社区服务，高中生会更好地意识到现实世界是什么样的。A. where哪里；B. that那个； C. whether是否；D. what什么。本句中be aware of做谓语，其后跟的是宾语从句；又由于宾语从句中缺少介词like的宾语，所以要用what引导。故选D项。13（2021·山东）Excuse me. Could you tell me _?In front of the library.Awhat time should we arrive at the parkBwhere should we meetCwhere I can find you tomorrow morningDwhat we need to take with us【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：打扰一下，你能告诉我我明天早上在哪找你吗？在图书馆前面。根据回答可以判断引导词为where，可以排除A和D项。宾语从句的语序应该为陈述语序，B项为疑问语序，排除B项。故选C项。14（2021·天津耀华中学高三期末）-Be careful! Your clothes will get caught in the machine.-Thank you. I so close to it.Adidn't know I was.Bthought I wasChad thought I wasDdon't know I am【答案】A【解析】考查时态和语序。句意：小心!你的衣服会卡在洗衣机里的。谢谢。我不知道我离它这么近。由句意可知，此句表示“我”刚才不知道自己站的那么靠近它，现在知道了，故时态是一般过去时，表示否定，因此要用didn't know，后接的是省略that的宾语从句，语序要用陈述语序。故选A项。15（2021·天津耀华中学高三期末） was beyond their expectation was that finally they reached a place sold cigarettes and other small articles.AIt, whereBWhat, whichCAs, whereDWhat, where【答案】B【解析】考查主语从句和定语从句。句意：出乎他们意料的是，他们终于到了一个卖香烟和其他小商品的地方。（ was beyond their expectation）是缺乏连接词的主语从句，从句缺乏主语，意为“什么”，用连接代词What；（a place sold cigarettes and other small articles）是缺乏关系词的定语从句，先行词是a place，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故选B项。16（2021·天津滨海新区·高三期末）From the bottom of my heart, _ I want to say to you is “Thank you!”.AwhichBthatCwhatDwhy【答案】C【解析】考查主语从句。句意：我发自内心想对您说一声“谢谢！”此处为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，结合句意表示想说的话，应用what引导。故选C。17（2021·天津高三期末）The science competition is a good opportunity to show students _ creativity can add new value to their school life.AwhereBwhoseCwhenDhow【答案】D【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：科学竞赛是一个展示学生创造力如何为学校生活增添新价值的好机会。分析句子可知，本题考查宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，所以用how引导。故选D。18（2021·天津高三期末）-I called your office at about ten this morning, but there was no reply-Oh, that was probably _ I was paying a visit to a friend in hospitalAwhenBwhyCwhatDthat【答案】A【解析】考查表语从句。句意：我今天早上十点左右给你办公室打电话，但没有人接。哦，那可能是我去看望住院的朋友的时候。A.when 时候；B.why 为什么；C.what 什么；D.that那。分析句子结构结合句意可知，空处引导一个表语从句，表示“的时候”，故选A项。19（2021·天津高三期末）Patience is a good virtue and thats _ it takes to do anything well.AwhereBwhichCwhatDhow【答案】C【解析】考查名词性从句引导词。句意：耐心是一种美德，这是做好任何事情所需要的。分析句子可知，空格处引导表语从句，结合句意，应用连接代词what引导从句，在从句中作动词takes的宾语，意为“的事物”，符合句意。故选C项。20（2021·天津静海区·静海一中高三月考）Evolution is the answer to _ new species of plants and animals come to exist.AwhatBwhenCwhichDhow【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：进化是新的动植物物种如何出现的答案。A. what什么；B. when何时；C. which哪一个；D. how怎么，如何。分析可知空格所在的句子是一个宾语从句，且从句的主干成分完成，故用连接副词，排除A、C两项，根据句意此处指动植物是如何进化出来的，故用连接副词how。故选D。21（2021·天津市宝坻区第一中学高三三模）The book is of great help to _ wants to do the job.AwhoBwhomeverCno matter whoDwhoever【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：这本书对任何想做这项工作的人都有很大的帮助。根据句意和句子结构可知，空格处单词引导的句子作介词to的宾语，句子为宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指人，表示“无论谁”，故应用whoever引导从句，who不符合语境，whomever应在从句中作宾语，no matter who只能引导让步状语从句，不用来引导宾语从句。故选D项。22（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市·哈尔滨三中高三期末）The boss in the end decided to give the position to he believed had a good command of Chinese.AwhoBanyoneCwhomeverDwhoever【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：老板最终决定把这个职位让给他认为精通汉语的人。分析句子可 he believed had a good command of Chinese为介词to的宾语，是一个宾语从句，he believed 是插入语，从句中缺少主语，意为“无论谁”，故选D。23（2021·天津市天津中学高三月考）It suddenly occurred to him _ he had left his keys in the office.AwhetherBwhereCwhichDthat【答案】D【解析】考查主语从句。句意：他突然想起他把钥匙忘在办公室了。It occurs/occurred to sb. that.某人突然想到。其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句，从句成分完整，用that仅起连接作用，无实义。故选D项。24（2021·天津高三三模）I always read newspapers backwards because the back pages are _ the sport is.AthatBwhereChowDwhat .【答案】B【解析】考察名词性从句。句意：我总是倒着看报纸，因为报纸的后页是关于运动的。分析句子可知，表语从句“_ the sport is”中缺少地点状语，故选B。25（2021·天津高三二模）My neighbour Sana is always sheltering her child too much, and thats _we differ.AwhenBwhatChowDwhere【答案】D【解析】考查表语从句连接词。句意：我的邻居Sana总是庇护她的孩子太多，这是我们的不同之处。此处为表语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where。故选D。III【过关练】高考真题（每个1分，共10分）1. 【2021·全国新高考I卷】56is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.【答案】What【解析】考查主语从句。句意：这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。此处是主语从句，从句缺乏主语，应用what引导，指代“经历的事情”。故填What。2.【2020·浙江卷】Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on 57 could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.【答案】what【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。分析句子，宾语从句部分缺主语，所以引导词应为“连接代词”。根据句意，此处缺“什么”之意。故填what。3.【2020届浙江省临海市、乐清市、新昌县高三选考模拟】This decade Im going to take a longer term focus. Rather than having year-to-year challenges, Ive tried to think about 62 the world and my life will be like in 2030 so I can make sure Im focusing on those things.【答案】what【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：我试着去思考2030年的世界和我的生活将会是什么样子。分析句子，此处宾语从句部分缺宾语。根据句意，此处缺“什么”之意。whatwill be like ? 译为会是什么样? 故填what。4.【2019·新课标I卷·语法填空】While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence _61_ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.【答案】that【解析】考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知，主句为there be句型，且结构完整，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词evidence内容，故填that。5.【2019·北京卷·语法填空】What students do at college seems to matter much more than _8_ they go.【答案】where【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。6.(2015·全国,70)As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactlythick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 【答案】how【解析】分析句子结构及语境可知,此处应用how引导宾语从句。7Success partially depends on _ you have the patience to do simple things perfectly【答案】whether【解析】根据句子结构可知，设空处引导宾语从句；根据句意可判断，设空处意为“是否”，其前有介词on，故填 whether。8I lost my cell phone yesterday Can you tell me _ I can buy one?【答案】where【解析】where引导宾语从句，且在从句中作地点状语。9It never occurred to me _ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind【答案】that【解析】it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的从句，从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，因此用that。10_ breaks the law will be punished【答案】Whoever【解析】句意：无论谁违法都将受到惩罚。主语从句中缺少主语，指人，并且表泛指，故用whoever。