中考英语复习讲解 宾语从句.docx
宾语从句 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语，宾语从句可做动词宾语，介词宾语，及某些形容词的宾语。例如：He wrote me a letter, saying that he would pay a visit to China next week. (动宾)I wonder if you could spare me a few minutes. （动宾） The teacher is quite satisfied with what you have done.（介宾）Mother was very pleased that her daughter had passed the exams. (形宾) 1. 连接词 由连接词that引导陈述句,在口语中that常省略。例如：He said (that) he would like to see the headmaster. 由连接词whether/if引导一般疑问句,whether和if 常可互换。例如：I dont know whether / if he will agree with me.He asked me whether / if I had finished my homework.注意：在下列场合一般用whether a.在动词不定式之前只能用whether eg: I cant decide whether to stay. b.在whetheror not 的固定搭配中 eg: I want to know whether its good news or not. c.在介词后,只能用whether eg: His father is worried about whether he loses his work. 在下列场合一般用if a.条件状语从句不能用whether引导, 如: Please tell him about the news if he comes back. b. I wonder if he will come tomorrow. 我想知道他明天是否会来。 由连接代词what, who(whom, whose) which或连接副词when, where, why, how引导特殊疑问句。例如：Do you know who/whom she is waiting for? Can you tell me where he lives?The teacher asked me why I was late for school.宾语从句的简化: I dont know what I should say. = I dont know what to say.Could you tell me how I can get there? = Could you tell me how to get there? 2. 语序：不管宾语从句是陈述句、一般疑问句或特殊疑问句，都要用陈述语序。Bill wanted to know who did this. He told me where the hospital was.注意:以下情况语序不变，请牢记：I don't know what's the matter with Bob. The doctor asked me what was wrong with me. Do you know which is the way to Beijing? Can you tell me what happened to him?He asked me who broke the window. Could you tell me which is the best of all?3. 时态: 一般说来,主从句时态要统一 (主现从实，主过从过) 。如果主句是一般现在时，从句可根据需要用任何时态；如果主句是一般过去时，从句应该用过去的某种时态（也就是用一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如： Lily wanted to know whether her grandma liked the handbag. I asked the teacher where we would have the meeting. 当宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等，不管主句是什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时。 eg. The teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound. 注意:在think, believe等动词后面的宾语从句，如果需要表示否定意义，注意否定前移。eg. I dont think that English is easy. I dont believe that he can pass the exam.
